多样化物料的库存控制研究

上海交通大学硕士学位论文多样化物料的库存控制研究姓名：秦建文申请学位级别：硕士专业：工业工程指导教师：褚学宁;李荣基20090401I1.ABCKraljic2.VMI(VendorManagementInventory)/JIT(Justintime)MRP(MaterialsRequirementPlaning)3.AII4.KraljicABCABCKraljicABSTRACTIIIRESEARCHONVARIEDMATERIALSINVENTORYCONTROLABSTRACTThroughoutthesupplychain,inventoryisoneoftheimportantsymbolsofeffectivenessofacompanyoperating.Excessinventorywillleadtooverstock,inventoryexpiring,largeinventorycost,etc.Whileifnostockitwillbringaboutshortagerisk,whichmeansnoproductiontomeetthecustomerdemand.Atpresent,intheglobalelectronicsmanufacturingindustry,enterprisesarefacedwithmanyissues,suchasfasterandmoreinstabledemandchangesinmarket,longprocurementleadtimeofvariedrawmaterials,difficultinventorycontrol.Sohowtoconductareasonableinventorycontrolhasbecomepaidmoreattentionintheenterprises.Inthispaper,basedonfeaturesofawidevarietyofmaterialsintheelectronicmanufacturingindustry,variedmaterialsinventorycontrolwasstudied.Thereseachaspectsasbelow:1.Beginningwiththebasicconceptsofinventorymanagement,bystudyingcharacteristicsoftheABCclassificationandKraljicmatrix,aABSTRACTIVcombinationofclassificationmodelwassetup.2.Viatheintroductionofinventorycontrolmodel,quantitativeorderingself-timerordering,VMI(VendorManagementInventory)/JIT(Justintime),safetystock,MRP(MaterialsRequirementPlaning),thesefiveinventorycontrolmodelswereanalyzedtheiradvantagesanddisadvantages.Andarelationtableofvariedmaterialsinventorycontrolmodelcameoutbasedontheclassificationmodel.3.InaccordancewiththeinventorystatusinCompanyA,analysisofthecharacteristicsofitsinventorycontrolwasdoneandtherelationtableofvariedmaterialsinventorycontrolmodelwasappliedtotheimprovementprograms.4.Setupreasonableinventorymanagementperformanceindexes.Basedontheindexes,withtheevaluationofinventorymanagementperformancebeforeandafter,itindicatesthefollowingapproachcanworkandbeappliedalthoughholdingawiderangeofmanufacturingrawmaterialsandcomplexinventorymanagementinmanufacturingenterprises.ThroughtheintegrateduseofKraljicmatrixandtheABCclassification,classifyingrawmaterialsandtakingdifferentinventorycontrolmodeliseffective.ABSTRACTVKEYWORDS:ABCclassification,Kraljicmatrix,varied,inventorycontrolmodel,inventoryperformanceevaluation11.118%40%HendricκsSinghal(2003)10128%[1]A3CITPCPDA40OEM/ODMADSLPDA2A210%65%475%1.2ClarkScarf1960“”NNCrowston/ZijmHoutum/MRPO-danakaJIT/DebChaudhuriDaveDebChaudhuri.DattaPal3.Hariga(iterative)·1879ABC[2]1951HFDickieABC75%[3][4]70JITJustintime,1.3VMI(VendorManagementInventory,)JIT1.2.41.,2.1.4EXCEL52.1“”InventoryStock1.2.63.4.2.21.;2.3.7[17]1.2.3.4.5.6.82.31.L=t1t2t3+t4+t5(2.1)Lt1--t2--t3--t4--t5--t1t52.9100%95%95%5%3.()()()1).2).3).4.102.470%ABC112.4.1ABCABCABCABC[2]ABC·18791951HFDickieABC1991DoblerBurtLee10%75%25%90%75%10%ABC1ABCABC10157575%90%100%121ABCFig.1ABCclassificationchartABCABCABCABCΚraljic2.4.2Kraljic1983ΚraljicHarwardBusinessReview[5]131.2.2x2Κraljic22raljicFig.2Kraljicmatrix1.3.2.4.141.TCO2.TCO3.4.80%2.4.3ABCΚraljicABCΚraljic22ABCraljicAA&BB&CC(5%~10%)152ABCraljic:3APPBSPCPS161.2.()3.()1.:(QR);(RS)2.(tS);(tRS)3.13.1.1(QR)(QR)R17Q(QR)[6]33(QR)Fig.3(Q,R)Tacticwithcontinualchecking3.1.2(RS)(RS)(QR)IRSIRI(S-I)I(S-I)(QR)(RS)4LTRQ184(RS)Fig.4(R,S)Tacticwithcontinualchecking3.23.2.1(tS)(tS)SI(S-I)tI1(S-I1)LT(S-I1)AtI2:(S-I2)LT()B(TS)5LTRSI1I2S-I1S-I2195(tS)Fig.5(t,S)Tacticwithcyclechecking3.2.2(tRS)(tRS)(tS)(RS)tSRtARSI1(S-I1)BCDE((S-I3)6LTSI1I2S-I1S-I2AtttBS-I3LTI3206(tRS)Fig.6(t,R,S)TacticwithintegratedcheckingEOQ3.2.3EOQQQ1.SI1DS-I1AtttBS-I3I3RCI2tEFG2177EOQ()Fig.7EOQmodel(Noallowedshortage)QQQ/2;=+(=+)222RQTCRPCHQ=++(3.1)TC=R--P--Q--C--F--H=P*F88EOQFig.8TherelationchartbetweenEOQandtotalinventorycost,bookingcostandpurchasedcommoditycost23Q022RCRCEOQHPF==(3.2)nT22RHRnQC==(3.3)12QCTnRHR===(3.4)B=RL(3.5)2.9249EOQ()Fig.9EOQmodel(postponedshipping)QVQ-V=++()132tVHt××(3.6)13tVtQ=22HVQt2kt1t2t3QV2523()2tQVkt−==×23tQVtQ−=2()2QVkQ−=(3.7):22()22RQVHVTCRPCkQQQ−=+++(3.8)QV2RCHkQHk+=(3.9)2RCkVHHk=+(3.10)k→∞1Hkk+→2RCQH=V=Qk=00Hkk+→0V=“”263.3“”“”JITVMI3.3.1JITJIT(Justintime)1953.JIT[7]70JITJIT27JIT“”“”“”JIT“”[8][9]JITJITJITJIT(JITJITJIT)JITJIT[10][11]JITJITJITJITJIT98%34017%0.8%[12]JIT1.JITJIT2.JITJITJITJIT3.JIT;28JIT1.JIT:2.JIT“”“”JIT3.“”()()“”/--/--/JIT/--/4.“”JIT“”“”5.JIT;“”JIT10JIT2910JITFig.10TheoremchartofJITpurchase67“JIT”44JIT(%)44.834.534.534.517.217.210.3JIT1.JITJIT40-85%302.JIT2-3JIT26%-63%3.JITJITJIT1111JITFig.11ChartofJITinventorycostcontrolJITJITJITJIT,,313.3.2VMIVMI(VendorManagementInventory)2090[13]32VMIVMIVMIVMIVMIEDIVMI123312VMIFig.12VMIoperationchartVMI:.JITVMIJITVMIJITVMIEDI343.459319194191319=xx24(ECR24)5530%50%70%70%50%30%353.4.1[37]=/*100%1)dSSLZσ=××(3.11)SS--L--σd--Z--66Z%5084.190.394.597.798.999.599.9Z011.31.622.32.632SSSS=d.σL.Z(3.12)d—σL--3SS3622()dLSSLdZσσ=+×(3.13)σd—σL--L--d--3.4.2ABCκ0=κ=1κ[15]=×(Z)κ=×(Z)×(κ)κQ≤Q013Q0QκP0PQ0Qd()dκQQ0PP0()()κ=1κ1κ3713Fig.13EffectofIndextoinventoryκ:ACκ0BABCκκBκN~(µσ)(mXn)κ0κ1µ.µµ;σκmnABCXmCXnA.38µσmn;XXκκ77X[0m](mn)[n100%)κ0κj01.dSSLZσκ=×××(3.14)SS--L--σd--z-88Z%5084.190.394.597.798.99