机械常用英语词汇

材料aluminum铝austeniticstainlesssteel奥氏体不锈钢babbit巴氏合金borazon(=boronnitride)氮化硼brass黄铜bronze青铜carbide硬质合金carburizingsteel渗碳钢CBN(cubicboronnitride)立方氮化硼ceramic陶瓷的chromemolybdenumsteel铬钼钢compositematerial复合材料ferriticstainlesssteel铁素体不锈钢ferrousmaterial黑色金属hardalloy硬质合金highcarbonsteel高碳钢highspeedsteel高速钢malleablecastiron可锻铸铁manganesesteel锰钢nitridingsteel(=nitridedsteel)氮化钢（渗碳钢）non-ferrousmaterial有色金属organicmaterial有机化合物sinteredalloy金属陶瓷合金stainlesschromiumsteel不锈铬钢stainlesssteel不锈钢tungalloy钨合金tungsten钨whitecastiron白口铸铁工具Adjustable(monkeywrench)活动扳手allenkey内六角扳手allenwrench内六角扳手boxspanner(wrench)梅花扳手diehandle(wrench)丝攻扳手diestock扳牙扳手double-headbox-wrench双头梅花扳手double-headwrench双头开口扳手hexwrench六角扳手hookspanner钩头扳手openendwrench开口扳手socketwrench套筒扳手spanner(wrench)活动扳手tapwrench丝锥扳手torqueindicating扭力显示扳手wrenchopening扳手口cross-bladedscrewdriver十字起子flat-bladedscrewdriver一字起子flatscrew平头改锥螺丝刀phillipsscrew十字螺丝刀turnscrew螺丝起子benchwork钳工cuttingpliers(nippers)克丝钳long-noespliers尖嘴钳handvice手虎钳parallel-jawvice平口虎（台）钳vicebench钳工台、虎钳台vice/vise虎钳dead-smoothfile油光锉roundfile圆锉smoothfile细锉squarefile方锉flatfile扁锉half-roundfile半圆锉three-squarefile/triangularfile三角锉dividinghead分度头honingstone油石drillchuck钻夹头drilljig/jigbush(ing)钻套emerypaper砂纸hammer榔头handhammer手锤handsaw手锯chisel凿子copperhammer铜锤Morsetapershank莫氏锥柄puller拔出器bearingextractor/puller轴承拔出器punch洋冲quill顶尖套rotatingcenter/livecenter活顶尖steeltape钢卷尺indexchangegears分度挂轮indexplate分度盘lathecenter顶尖threadingdie扳牙threejawchuck三爪卡盘chuck卡盘clearancegauge(=gage)/feelergauge塞规depthgauge深度尺dialindicator(gauge)千分表feelergauge塞尺profilegauge/template样板flatplate/plate平板gaugeblock块规micrometer千分尺micrometercaliper千分尺slidegauge/verniercaliper游标卡尺datumsurface基准平板locatingpin/dowelpin/alignment定位销mandrel/arbor芯轴ammeter安培表multimeter万用表ohmmeter欧姆表voltmeter伏特表roundshankstraightshankcylindric(al)shank圆柱柄标准件angularballbearing向心球轴承angular-contactballbearing向心推力球轴承ballbearing滚珠轴承ballthrustbearing推力球轴承combinedthrustandradialbearing径向推力轴承needlebearing滚针轴承plainrollerbearing圆柱滚子轴承radialandthrustbearing向心推力轴承radialbearing向心轴承self-aligningbearing自动调心轴承taperedrollerbearing圆锥滚子轴承thrustbearings止推轴承bolt螺栓CSK.Screw=countersinkscrew沉头螺栓hexbolt六角螺栓liftingbolt吊环螺栓SOC.HeadcapSCR.=socketheadcapscrew内六角螺栓socketbolt内六角螺栓studfoundationbolt地脚螺栓cheese-headscrew/capscrew圆头螺钉countersinkscrew埋头螺钉countersunk–headscrew沉头螺钉eye–bolt吊环螺钉hexheadscrew六角螺钉hexagonscrew六角螺钉hexagon-socketheadscrew内六角头螺钉hex-socketheadscrew内六角螺钉lockscrew锁紧螺钉round–headscrew半圆头螺钉screw螺circularnut圆螺母/并帽HEX.Nut=hexagonnut六角螺母holdnut固定螺帽locknut锁紧螺母spacer垫片Washer(spring～)垫圈cotterpin开口销crankpin曲柄销dimandloc.pin菱形销dowelpin圆柱销dowels定位销flushpin埋头销loc.定位销pin销splitpin开口销taperpin圆锥销tangentialkey切向键woodruffkey半圆键hex六角liftingring吊环retainingring挡圈screwlockingelement锁紧垫圈机械加工benttool弯头车刀formtool成形车刀offsettool偏头车刀recessingtool切槽车刀single-pointthreadingtool螺纹车刀turningtool外圆车刀coredrill扩孔钻counterbore沉孔锪孔钻countersinkdrill埋头钻flatdrill扁钻flutedtwistdrill麻花钻twistdrill麻花钻shank–typecoredrill带柄扩孔钻soliddrill整体钻spadedrill扁平钻spottingdrill中心钻dovetailcutter燕尾铣刀endmill立铣刀inserted-blademillingcutter镶片铣刀key-seatmillingcutter键槽铣刀sidemillingcutter三面刃圆铣刀t-slotmillingcutterT型铣刀expansionhandreamer可调式手铰刀handreamer手铰刀reamer铰刀knurl滚花knurlingtool滚花刀lapping研磨scraper刮刀threesquarescraper三角刮刀tap&die丝攻hardcarbidetool硬质合金刀具Allowanceformachining加工余量blindhole盲孔brittleness易碎chamfer/fillet倒角counterborec/bore沉孔counterboredhole沉孔counterboring沉孔锪孔cuttingforce切削力depthofcut切削深度drilling钻ream铰lappingcompound研磨剂majorflank主后（刀）面minorflank副后（刀）面negativerake负前角chiseledge横刃non-corrosive耐腐蚀eccentric偏心chiproom(space)(刀具的)排屑槽excellentwearresistancefragibilityfragilenesshighmetal-removalratesregrindableresharpenable机械传动boring镗床broaching拉床centrelessgrinding无心磨床chucker六角车床drilling钻床grinding磨床lathe车床milling铣床puncher冲床BSP管螺纹double-startthread双头螺纹fine(pitch)thread细牙螺纹inch-systemthread英制螺纹insidediameter内径internalthread内螺纹leadofthread导程leadscrew/ballscrew丝杆Levelingscrew校平螺旋majordiameterofthread螺纹大径pitchdiameterofthread螺纹中径minordiameterofthread螺纹小径metriethread公制螺纹pipethread管螺纹taperedscrewthread锥螺纹threadprofile牙形threads螺纹arbor(主、心、柄)轴axis轴线baseplate底座beltpulley皮带轮bevelgear锥齿轮blank毛坯bore孔bracket托架burr毛刺bushingplate钻模板c/sk锥孔CCW=counterclockwise（anticlockwise）逆时针center-to-centerspacing中心距changespeed变速chipchute铁屑槽CM=correctivemaintance设备保养conedrive锥轮console控制台、操作台cooperationpart外协件coreshift偏心coupling联轴器CW（clockwise）顺时针derusting除锈det.=detail零件deviationfromcentre偏心距dim=dimension尺寸dimple凹坑distributor分配器drive主动driven从动eccentricclamp偏心夹紧机构element部件、构件end轴向，端finish精加工flange法兰friction摩擦geartrain齿轮系generaloverhavl大修gib镶条、塞铁grease润滑脂headstock床头箱holespacing孔距honing珩磨horizontal卧式impact冲击jointface结合面keyway键槽knob旋钮laterally横向、从侧面lever杠杆lithium-basedgrease锂基润滑脂longitudinal轴向的master主（总）控制mating联接的、配合的micron微米mount安装mounting安装、装配mountingflange安装法兰muffler消音器multi-tool多刀multi-wheel多砂轮nipple螺纹接头nominalsize标称尺寸notches槽nut拧O.L.=overalllength总长orifice小孔overalldimension外形尺寸overtravel超（越）程P/F=power/freepad垫片part-sectiondrawing局部剖视图pinion小齿轮pitch间距planerswitchplanetarygearsmech行星齿轮啮合pulley皮带轮ra