初中英语条件句讲解-练习及答案

1条件句一、考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1.accept与receiveaccept“接受”，表示其行为是由主观意愿决定的。Iaccepteditwithoutquestion.我毫无疑问地接受了它。Wehaveacceptedhisproposal.我已接受了他的建议。receive“接到、收到、受到”表示其行为与主观意愿无关。Ireceivedaletterfromhim.我收到了他的来信。Hereceivedthepresent,buthedidnotaccept.他收到了礼物，但没有接受下来。Hereceivedagoodeducation.他受到了良好的教育。[注意]在表示接待、接见时，通常用receive,而不用accept.如：Weoftenreceiveforeignguests.我们经常接待外宾。2.agreeto，agreewith与agreeon(upon)agreeto“同意、应允”通常用于同意某件事情（我们可以同意我们自己有不同看法而并不赞同的事情）。Doyouagreetothisplan?Heagreedtomyproposal.他同意了我的提议。agreewith“同意、赞同”常常表示同某人意见一致，也可表赞同某件事情。还有“（气候、食物等）适合”之意。如：Doyouagreewithme?Iagreewithallyousay.我同意你所说的。Hiswordsdonotagreewithhisactions.他言行不一致。Toomuchmeatdoesn’tagreewithher.吃太多肉对她身体不合适。[注意]：agreewith不能用于被动语态。agreeon/upon“对……取得一致意见”指两方或多方就某个问题取得了一致的意见或达成了某种协议。Afterdiscussionthetwosidesagreedonthedateofthenextmeeting.经过讨论，双方就下次会议日期达成了协议。Theyallagreeontheplan.他们对这个计划意见一致。[注意]：此句型可转换成agreeindoingsth.如：Allofthemagreedon/uponit.=Allofthemagreedindoingit.他们对做这个问题达成了共识。【条件句】（一）真实条件句连接词条件从句结果从句IfIf+主语+一般现在时一般将来时---表可能：Ifheruns,he’llgetthereontime.may/might/can---允许/能力：Ifitstopssnowing,wecangoout.must/should---命令，请求，劝告：Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youmust/shouldeatlessbread.2一般现在时---客观事实：Ifyouheatice,itturnstowater.（二）虚拟条件句虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种：一、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句IfIf+主语+一般过去时（be动词一般用were）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形如：Ifhehadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately(立即、立刻).IfIdidn’thaveacold,Iwouldgotoyourbirthdayparty.二.与将来事实相反如：Ifyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句IfIf+主语+过去完成时（had+过去分词）主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词如：IfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.IfIhadn’thadacoldlastweek,Iwouldn’thavemissedyourbirthdayparty.二、典型例题()1.Idon’tknowifit______tomorrow.Ifit______,wewon’tgoonapicnic.A.rains;rainsB.willrain;rainsC.willrain;willrain()2.Insummer,foodgoesbadeasily________itisputintherefrigerator.A.untilB.ifC.unless()3.--IhearJackChanwillcometoLaiwunextweek.--Really?_______hecomes,myyoungersisterwillbeveryhappy,A．IfB．UntilC．UnlessD．Before()4.—Couldweplayfootballinyourplayground,Sir?--No,_______youhavetheprincipal’snote.连接词条件从句结果从句IfIf+主语+should/would/wereto+动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形3A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since()5.Manychildrenlikefriedchicken_______itisunhealthyfood.A.ifB.becauseC.although()6.AllthestudentsinClass5willclimbthemountainifit_______raintomorrow.A.won’tB.don’tC.didn’tD.doesn’t()7---Wouldyouliketogobikeridingwithustomorrow?---Sure,________Iambusy.A.sinceB.unlessC.whenD.until()8.Idon’tlikebread.Iwon’teatit________Iamveryhungry.A.whenB.unlessC.if()9.You’dbetterlookupthenewwordinadictionary_____youdon’tknowit.A.ifB.thatC.thoughD.whether()10.Afterthemeeting,wewillhaveaparty.Ifyou_______free,comeandjoinus.A.areB.willbeC.were三、课后练习()1.I’llgoforawalkwithyouifit________tomorrow.A.won’trainB.doesn’trainC.willrainD.notrains()2.I’mwaitingformyMum.________,I’llgoshoppingwithher.A.Ifshedoesn’tcomeB.IfshecomesC.IfshewillcomeD.Ifshewon’tcome()3.---Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?---Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfineC.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine()4.IfI_______you,Iwouldweartheshirtandthetie.A.amB.wasC.wereD.willbe()5.Whatwouldyoudoifyou_______alotofmoney?A.hadB.havehadC.willhaveD.have()6.InBritain,youmustbe18________youwanttodriveacar.A.whyB.becauseC.soD.if()7.IfI_______you,I’dtakethesmallapple.A.amB.wereC.was()8.Susanwillnotarriveattheairportontime_______shehurriesup.A.onceB.ifC.whenD.unless()9.Ifmyfather________back,pleaseletmeknow.A.comesB.willcomeC.come()10.Let’ssee___wecanfindsomeinformationaboutthecity.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.which()11.IfIyou,Iabighouse.A.was,wouldbuyB.were,wouldliketobuy4C.were,wouldbuyD.was,bough()12.Ifhetomorrow,pleasetellme.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came()13.Whatwouldyoudoifyouthelottery(彩票)?A.winB.wonC.aregoingtowinD.havewon5典型例题1B2C3A4B5C6D7B。考查unless引导的条件状语从句。由关键词Sure可推断“我会和你们一起自行车旅行的，除非我很忙”，故排除A、C、D三项，选B。8B9A。考查if引导的条件状语从句。结合题意“如果你不知道那个新词，你最好在字典里查阅它”可排除B、C、D三项，选A。10A课后练习1B。在条件状语从句中，从句不能用一般将来时，应用一般现在时，故正确答案为B。2B3A。结合题意“汤姆，如果天气好的话，你知道弗兰克这个星期六将去动物园吗？”可知第一个空是宾语从句，要用一般将来时，第二个空是条件状语从句，要用一般现在时，故排除B、C、D三项，选A。4C5A。四个选项分别是动词have的四种形式，由关键词would和题意“如果你有很多钱，你会做什么”可知这里考查虚拟语气，故选A。6D7B。本题考查虚拟语气的用法。表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的be须用were。8D9A。考查条件状语从句的时态。因为主语是祈使句，所以从句要用一般现在时，故选A。10B11C12B13B6