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1比较级和最高级的讲解变化规则1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;(1)单音节词如:small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest(2)双音节词如:clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narrowest2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;如:large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;如:easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiest5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;如:beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferenteasily→moreeasily→mosteasily注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不用。例句:TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.(2)形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示非常。2Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。如:good→better→bestwell→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest一、写出下列形容词和副词的比较级形式。1.long_______2.tidy______3.hot_____________4.large________5.thin_________6.good_____________7.bad_________8.little_________9.sincere____________10.much_______11.early_________12.fast_____________13.hard_______14.difficult_________15.badly____________16.far_________17.carefully_________18.instructive________19.easily______20.often____________二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更……”。如:Thistreeistallerthanthatone.这棵树比那棵树高。注意:①在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。如:Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。32.“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越……”如:Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如:Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高,Tim还是Tom?4.“the+比较级……,the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多,花得越多。Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。5.表示倍数的比较级用法:①.Ais…timesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如:Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.Ais…timesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如:AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.Ais…timeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如:Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。46.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:ofthethree,inourclass等等。如:Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。HelikesEnglishbestofallthesubjects在所有学科中,他最喜欢英语。7.否定词语+比较级,否定词语+so…as结构表示最高级含义。Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis.=Thisistheeasiestthing.8.比较级与最高级的转换:Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.=Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass9.修饰比较级和最高级的词1)可修饰比较级的词①.abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。②.还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。③.以上词(除byfar)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意:使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.(对)Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级:byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.注意:a.very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。Thisistheverybest.5Thisismuchthebest.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.10.要避免重复使用比较级。(错)Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.(对)Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.(对)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.11.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错)ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.(对)ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.12.要注意对应句型,遵循前一致的原则。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.13.要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。比较:Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.二、根据句意,用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空:1.Bobis_________(young)thanFredbut___________(tall)thanFred.2.Yingtianisnotas___________(tall)asYongxian.3.Almostallthestudents'facesarethesamebutLiDeminglooks_______(fat)thanbefore.4.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?5.--How_________(tall)isSally?--She's1.55metres________(tall).WhataboutXiaoling?6--She'sonly1.40metres________(tall).Sheismuch_______(short)thanSally.Sheisalsothe_______(short)girlintheclass.6.Heis______(bad)atlearningmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)atChineseandheisthe_________(bad)atEnglish.7.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.8.Heisoneofthe_________(friendly)peopleintheclass,Ithink.9.Adictionaryismuch(expensive)thanastory-book.10.Anorangeiaalittle______(big)thananapple,butmuch________(small)thanawatermelon.11.TheChangjiangRiveristhe_______(long)riverinChina.12.Sueisalittle___________(beautiful)thanhersister.13.Myroomisnotas_________(big)asmybrother's.14.--Howdifficultisphysics?--I'mnotsure.--Isit________(difficult)thanmaths?--Idon'tthinkso.15.--Annieplaysthepianovery___________(well).--Sueplaysit_____(well)thanAnnie.AndSallyplaysitthe_______(well).16.Saturdayismy_________(busy)dayinaweek.17.Hermotherisgetting____________(fat)and________(fat).18.Ithinkit'stooexpensive.I'dlikea_____________(cheap)one.19.Hecomestoschoolmuch____________(early)thanI.20.Thisbookisnotas_____________(
本文标题:英语比较级和最高级讲解及练习
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