中小企业融资问题研究

摘要I摘要中小企业在我国市场里占据着十分重要的位置，中小企业的发展对于推动我国经济的健康发展有着极为重要的意义。然而，有很多的因素制约着中小企业的发展，其中融资问题是一个重要的因素。融资问题产生的原因有很多，从中小企业自身来分析，中小企业存在财务不够透明、贷款的管理成本较高、信用等级普遍低下、市场化需要提高等缺陷；其他因素主要是指银行对中小企业支持的力度不够以及银行本身信贷管理制度的缺陷。解决中小企业融资问题的关键，是结合社会的综合力量。想要真正地解决中小企业融资问题必须从不同角度出发，综合银行、政府、金融机构以及中小企业自身的努力，来完成这一浩大的社会工程。从中小企业来看，必须树立好企业形象，改善企业的财务制度和管理制度，树立品牌意识提高市场认知度；从政府来看，要加强中小企业的信用评级，建立信贷支持体系，同时积极鼓励中小企业进行金融创新；从银行等金融机构来看，要重视中小企业的融资业务，建立新的信誉评价和风险按评估标准，同时也要改进贷款管理制度。本文拟在对我国中小企业融资调查研究的基础上，针对我国中小企业融资所遇到的困难与障碍，深入探讨解决的思路和方法，希望可以为我国中小企业发展提供一些有益的启示。关键词：中小企业；融资；问题；解决对策；AbstractIIABSTRACTSmallandmediumenterprisesinChina'smarketoccupiesaveryimportantposition,thedevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestopromotethehealthydevelopmentofChina'seconomyhasaveryimportantsignificance.However,therearemanyfactorsrestrictingthedevelopmentofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,thefinancingproblemisoneoftheimportantfactors.Financingproblemshavemanyreasons,fromoneselfofmediumandsmallbusinessestotheanalysisofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,financeisnottransparent,loanmanagementcostishigher,creditratingislow,themarketneedtoimprovedefects;otherfactorsmainlyreferstothebanktothesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesupportstrengthisinsufficientandthebankcreditmanagementsystemdefects.Tosolvetheproblemoffinancingproblemsisthecombinationofsocialpower.Wanttosolvethefinancingproblemofsmallandmediumenterprisesmustsetoutfromdifferentpointofview,comprehensivebanking,government,financialinstitutionsandsmallandmediumenterprisesoftheirownefforts,toaccomplishthegreatsocialengineering.Fromthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprise,mustestablishgoodcompanyimage,improvetheenterprise'sfinancialsystemandmanagementsystem,establishbrandconsciousnesstoincreasemarketawareness;fromthegovernment,tostrengthenthesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisecreditratingsystem,establishcreditsupport,andactivelyencouragefinancialinnovation;frombanksandotherfinancialinstitutions,payattentiontosmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesfinancingbusiness,establishanewreputationevaluationandriskassessmentinaccordancewithstandard,butalsotoimprovetheloanmanagementsystem.ThispaperonChina'smediumandsmallenterprisesfinancingonthebasisofinvestigationandresearch,inviewofourcountrysmallandmedium-sizedenterprisefinancingdifficultiesandobstacles,discusssettlementtrainofthoughtandmethod,thehopeforthedevelopmentofChinesesmallandmedium-sizedenterprisestoprovidesomeusefulinspiration.Keywords:SMEs;Financing;Problems;Measures目录i目录第1章绪论...........................................................................................................11.1中小企业发展的现状.......................................................................................................11.2国内外研究现状..............................................................................................................11.2.1国内研究现状...............................................................................................................................11.2.2国外研究现状...............................................................................................................................11.3本文写作的目的和意义..................................................................................................1第2章中小企业融资困难的问题及原因.............................................................32.1中小企业财务不透明.......................................................................................................32.2中小企业贷款的管理成本较高.......................................................................................32.3中小企业信用等级较低...................................................................................................42.4银行对中小企业支持力度不够.......................................................................................42.5中小企业市场化程度需要提高.......................................................................................52.6银行信贷风险管理制度存在缺陷..................................................................................5第3章解决中小企业融资困难的措施.................................................................63.1对于中小企业自身而言...................................................................................................63.1.1树立良好形象................................................................................................................................63.1.2改善中小企业的管理制度............................................................................................................63.1.3健全中小企业财务制度...............................................................................................................73.1.4树立品牌意识，提高市场认知度...............................................................................................73.2对于各级政府而言...........................................................................................................73.2.1制定相应的政策............................................................................................................................73.2.2建立信贷支持体系........................................................................................................................83.2.3要鼓励企业进行金融创新....................