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1 摘要工业机械手是六十年代发展起来的一门新技术。是近代自动控制领域中出现的一项新技术,并已成为现代机械制造生产系统中的一个重要组成部分。它是一种按一定程序,能自动搬运和操作的机械装置,并且能够代替人们的部分劳动,具有人的部分功能,而又没有人工操作的一些弱点。工业机械手一般分为三类。第一类是不需要人工操作的通用机械手。第二类是需要人工操作的,称为操作机。第三类是专用机械手,主要附属于自动机床或自动线上,用以解决机床上下料和工件传送。这种机械手在国外称为“MechanicalHand”,工作程序一般是固定的,因此是专用的。工业机械手也便属于此类,近几年来工业机械手发展很快。本次毕业设计就是在用于对缝纫机针的抛光,在抛光自动线上用摆动机械手,这一传送设备来代替人工的劳作。工业机械手应用较多,发展较快。现在的机械手都具有了某种传感能力,触觉功能即是在机械手上安装反馈控制装置。更主要的是将机械手和柔性制造系统和柔性制造单元相结合,能根本上机械制造系统的人工操作状态。从经济方面看,工业机械手能够提高生产率,保证产品质量,降低废品率,提高基本装置的载荷能力;从技术方面看,操作机的使用与小批量生产中增长的产品质量及自动化生产有关。在大批生产中自动化程度最高,但在小批量生产中自动化程度次之。综上所述,有效地应用机械手,是发展机械工业的必然趋势。关键词:机械手;液压驱动;自动线;柔性系统2 Abstract The industry manipulator is a new technology developed in the sixties. It is a new technology appearing in modern automatic controlled field, and has already become an important component in the production system of modern machinebuilding. It is one kind according to certain procedure , the mechanical device that can be carried and operated automatically, and the part that can replace people works, have some functions of people's, and there are not some manually operated weaknesses . The industry manipulator is generally divided into three kinds. The first kind does not need the manually operated manipulator in common use . The second kind needs to be manually operated, is called the operating machine. The third kind is a specialpurpose manipulator, affiliate on the automatic lathe or the transfer machine mainly, used to solve the upper and lower material of lathe and work piece to convey. This kind of manipulator is called Mechanical Hand abroad, the working routine is generally regular, so it is specialpurpose. The industry manipulator belongs to this kind of too, the industry manipulator has been developed quickly in recent years. This graduation project is used in the polishing to the sewing machine needle , use the swing manipulator on the polishing transfer machine, this conveyance equipment comes to replace artificial work. In the mechanical manufacturing industry abroad, the industry The industry manipulator is used more, it is very fast to develop. Present manipulator all have a certain sensing ability , the sense of touch function is to install and feedback the control device on hand in machinery . The mainer one is combining flexible manufacturing system and flexible manufacturing unit with the manipulator, artificial operation state of the manufacture system that can be essentially mechanical. By the look of economy, the industry manipulator can boost productivity , guarantee product quality, reduce the rejection rate , the loaded ability to raise basic device ; By the look of technology, the use of the operating machine has related to the fact that it is small product quality and automation increasing are produced while producing in batches. The automatic degree is the highest in largescale production, but take second place in the small automatic degree while producing in batches. In sum , use the manipulator effectively, it is the inexorable trend which develops mechanical industry. Key phrase: Machine hand;The liquid presses to drive;Automatic line;Flexible system3 目录中文摘要………………………………………………………………………………Ⅰ英文摘要………………………………………………………………………………Ⅱ绪论……………………………………………………………………………………1 1 工业机械手的简介1.1什么是工业机械手……………………………………………………………21.2工业机械手的发展简史………………………………………………………21.3工业机械手的应用简况及应用的意义………………………………………4 2 机械手的组成和分类2.1机械手的组成…………………………………………………………………72.1.1执行机构………………………………………………………………72.1.2驱动部分………………………………………………………………72.1.3控制部分………………………………………………………………82.2机械手的分类…………………………………………………………………82.2.1按用途分类……………………………………………………………82.2.2按控制型式分类………………………………………………………82.3机械手的参数…………………………………………………………………9 3 设计方案的拟订3.1工业机械手总体设计原则……………………………………………………103.2机械手总体设计目的…………………………………………………………103.3工艺要求………………………………………………………………………113.4机械手的管路配置……………………………………………………………113.5电控系统的选择及定位方法…………………………………………………12 4 缝纫机针摆动机械手慨况4.1缝纫机针摆动机械手的用途…………………………………………………134.2规格参数………………………………………………………………………134.3配置及工作原理………………………………………………………………134.4摆动机械手的组成部分………………………………………………………14 5 手臂俯仰部分机构的设计4 5.1手臂的组成……………………………………………………………………155.2手臂的设计要求………………………………………………………………155.3手臂摆动机构…………………………………………………………………175.3.1手臂上下摆动机构简介………………………………………………175.3.2手臂上下摆动机构及缓冲……………………………………………18 6 手臂回转部分的设计6.1手臂回转部分机构……………………………………………………………206.2手臂回转时驱动力矩的计算…………………………………………………206.3回转油缸螺栓直径校核………………………………………………………22 7 机械手手腕回转部分设计7.1手腕的定义及作用……………………………………………………………247.2手腕回转和夹持手部的机构…………………………………………………247.3夹紧力的计算…………………………………………………………………257.4腕部回转力矩的计算…………………………………………………………267.5手腕部手指的设计要求………………………………………………………267.5.1手指的抓取机能…………………………………………………………277.5.2手指的握力大小…………………………………………………………277.5.3足够的夹紧距离…………………………………………………………27 8 液压系统的工作原理8.1液压系统………………………………………………………………………28 9 什么是自动线9.1自动线的定义及特征…………………………………………………………309.2自动线的类型…………………………………………………………………309.3自动生产线中的机械手………………………………………………………30 10 机械手的可靠性及经济效果10.1机械手的可靠性………………………………………………………………3210.2经济效果………………………………………………………………………32结束语参考文献附录5 英文原文…………………………………………………………………………35汉语翻译…………………………………………………………………………43缝纫机针摆动机械手设计绪论工业机械手是一种新型的自动化操作装置。它可以根据作业的要
本文标题:缝纫机针摆动机械手设计
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