新概念英语第二册笔记-第67课

Lesson67Volcanoes火山【Text】HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.In1948,hewenttoLakeKivuintheCongotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.Thoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs,hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoforverylong.Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowardshim.Itthreatenedtosurroundhimcompletely,butTazieffmanagedtoescapejustintime.Hewaiteduntilthevolcanobecamequietandbewasabletoreturntwodayslater.Thistime,hemanagedtoclimbintothemouthofKiturosothathecouldtakephotographsandmeasuretemperatures.Tazieffhasoftenriskedhislifeinthisway.Hehasbeenabletotellusmoreaboutactivevolcanoesthananymanalive.【课文翻译】波兰科学家哈罗恩·塔捷耶夫花了毕生的精力来研究世界各地的活火山和深洞。1948年他去了刚果的基伍湖，对一座后来被他命名为基图罗的新火山进行观察。当火山正在猛烈地喷发时，塔捷耶夫有办法把帐篷搭在离它非常近的地方。尽管他设法拍了一些十分精彩的照片，但他却不能在火山附近停留太长的时间。他发现有一股岩浆正向他流过来，眼看就要将他团团围住，但塔捷耶夫还是设法及时逃离了。他等到火山平静下来，两天以后又返回去。这次他设法爬进了基图罗火山口，以便能拍摄照片和测试温度。塔捷耶夫经常冒这样的生命危险。他能告诉我们的有关活火山的情况比任何在世的人都要多。Newwordsandexpressions生词和短语【生词讲解】1.volcanon.火山(volcanoes)anactivevolcano活火山adormantvolcano休眠火山anextinctvolcano死火山volcanon.火山activeadj.活动的Kivun.基伍湖Congon.刚果Kituron.基图罗eruptv.（火山）喷发violentlyadv.猛烈地，剧烈地managev.设法brilliantadj.精彩的liquid[5likwid]adj.液态的；n.液体escapev.逃脱aliveadj.活着的disaster灾害naturaldisaster自然灾害earthquake地震flood洪水typhoon台风hurricane飓风storm风暴tornado龙卷风2.activeadj.1）活泼的，活跃的(inactive)anactivechildhaveanactivebrain头脑灵活2）积极的，主动的(passive)takeanactivepartin积极参与3）活动中的，有效的，(军队中)现役的onactiveservice(军队中)服现役的4）主动的(语法)activevoice主动语态(passivevoice)activelyadv.主动地，积极地activityn.活动[c];活力[u]outdooractivities户外活动clubactivities社团活动activistn.积极分子（指参与或支持激烈活动的人，尤指政治方面）3.erupt1.v.（火山）喷发eg.It'smanyyearssincethevolcanolasterupted.2.v.（比喻）突然发生eg.WhenIsawthesizeofthebill,Isimplyerupted.当我看到巨额账单时，我简直火冒三丈eruptionn.火山爆发；（医学）出诊4.violentlyadv.剧烈地，猛烈地violentadj.1.暴力的，（人）暴戾的eg.Hewasviolentwhenhegotdrunk.violentcriminals暴力犯罪2.带有强烈情感的，由强烈情感引起的violentlanguage激烈的语言inaviolentshock万分震惊eg.Hehasaviolentdislikeofschool.他极度的厌学3.厉害的，强烈的violentwind强风violentearthquakes强烈地震violenttoothache剧烈的牙疼violentlyadv.猛烈地eg.Thevolcanoeruptedviolently.violencen.暴力，狂热，强烈的感情withviolence剧烈地5.managev.1)管理，经营manageacompany经营一家公司2)控制，照顾，驾驭manageahorse驾驭一匹马manageachild照顾小孩manageone'smoney理财3)做成，应付-CanIhelpyou?-No,thankyou.Icanmanageit.eg.Ican'tborrowthemoney,soIhavetomanagewithoutit.借不到钱，所以我只能应付一下4)产生，达到，设法做成...managetodosth设法成功地做成...eg.HemanagedtostealtheBenz.Hemanagedtogettoschoolintime.managementn.管理，经营manager经理6.brilliantadj.1.非常明亮的，光辉夺目的brilliantsunshine灿烂的阳光abrilliantdiamond耀眼的钻石2.杰出的，非凡的，精彩的abrilliantscientist卓越的科学家brilliantachievements非凡的成就brilliantphotographs精彩的照片7.liquid1)n.液体eg.Theliquidwasred.Water,milkandoilareliquids.gas气体solid固体2)adj.液态的，清澈的，透明的liquidfood流食liquidrock岩浆theliquidsky清澈的天空liquideyes明亮的眼睛8.escape1)v.逃脱，逃走escapefrom/outof从...逃走eg.Twoprisonersescapedfromtheprison.两个囚犯越狱了escapefromthedanger避开危险2)逃避，脱离escape+n./doingescapepunishmentescapebeingpunished3)被人遗忘，逃过(人的)注意Hisnameescapedme.我忘了他的名字Thefactescapedmynotice.我没有注意到这个事实4)n.逃走haveanarrowescape九死一生，幸免于难escapeen.逃脱者，（尤指）越狱者9.aliveadj.活着的（人、物）alive只能做表语，后置定语，宾补，不能做前置定语eg:Itisstillalive(主系表)allthosealive(后置定语)那些活着的人Let'skeepthefishalive.(宾补)--alive作宾语fish的补足语aliveandkicking(口)精神饱满，活跃living活着的，主要作定语，也可作表语(指人、物)Myfirstteacherisstillliving.（表）livingthings生物（定）LeiFengliving（后定）theliving活着的人thedead过世的人live[laiv]adj.（定）放名词前，指物eg.Haveyouseenalivewhale?你见过活着的鲸鱼吗？lively['laivli]adj.活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的（人、物）eg.Hisclassislivelyandinteresting.他的课生动活泼eg.Weallshouldhavealivelymind.我们都该有活跃的头脑很多以a开头的adj，被称为表语形容词。不能做前置定语：alive活着的asleep睡着了的alike相象的ahead前面的awake醒着的alone独自的【课文讲解】1.HarounTazieff,thePolishscientist,hasspenthislifetimestudyingactivevolcanoesanddeepcavesinallpartsoftheworld.thePolishscientist是主语HarounTazieff的同位语，解释主语是个什么人Polishadj.波兰的Polandn.波兰Polen.波兰人spend...(in)somewhere在某地花费时间、金钱eg.IspentamonthinSwitzerlandlastsummer.我去年夏天在瑞士待了一个月spend...onsth在某事上花费...eg:Hespendsaboutathirdofhissalaryonanewcar.他收入的三分之一都花在一辆新车上spendsometime(in)doingsth.eg:Shespendstoomuchtime(in)dressingherself.她花了太多的时间打扮自己lifetimen.毕生精力spendone’slifetimein…inallpartsoftheworld.世界各地thisworld今世thatworld黄泉everycountryoftheworld世界各国2.In1948,hewenttoLakeKivuintheCangotoobserveanewvolcanowhichhelaternamedKituro.toobserveanewvolcanotodo不定式作目的状语，which引导定语从句修饰volcanoobserve(see,look,watch,read)1）v.观察，观测，Eg:ObservehowIdothis.注意看注意看我怎样做(这件事)2）v.遵守规则等(obey)Eg:observethetrafficregulations遵守交通规则3.Tazieffwasabletosetuphiscampveryclosetothevolcanowhileitwaseruptingviolently.1）setup竖立，架起；创立，建立Eg:Theysetupsomestonesaslandmarks．他们竖起一些石头当地标。Eg:Hesetupacompanywhenhewasonly17.在他17岁的时候就创立了一家公司。2）closeto离……很近，与……靠近Eg:Heparkedthecarclosetotheriver.(near)Eg:Don’tsitsoclosetothefire.3）whileeruptingviolently4.Thoughhemanagedtotakeanumberofbrilliantphotographs,hecouldnotstaynearthevolcanoforverylong.managedtodosth设法做成某事anumberof+pl.许多，大量agreatmany+pl.agoodmany+pl.manya+single[c]区别：thenumberof表示…….的数量后面要用is5.Henoticedthatariverofliquidrockwascomingtowar