12万吨年玉米酒精连续发酵工厂原料预处理车间的初步设计

12万吨/年玉米酒精连续发酵工厂原料预处理车间的初步设计作者姓名专业指导教师姓名专业技术职务山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）1目录摘要...............................................4第一章绪论.....................................61.1设计酒精工厂的意义及指导思想......................................................61.2玉米酒精市场现状..............................................................................6第二章工艺流程论述.............................72.1玉米酒精生产流程......................................72.2酒精生产对水质的要求..................................72.3玉米原料的粉碎.......................................82.3.1玉米原料与原料的清选................................82.3.2玉米原料的粉碎的目的与方法[10]........................92.3.3原料粉碎的要求......................................92.3.4玉米粉碎工艺流程...................................102.4低温双酶法液化糖化...................................102.4.1液化、糖化的目的[10].................................102.4.2玉米原料糖化发酵的特点.............................112.4.3低温双酶法液化糖化工艺流程.........................112.4.4酶制剂的特性及作用机理.............................122.4.5低温双酶法液化糖化工艺的优点.......................132.5.连续发酵工艺[6]......................................132.5.1连续发酵的优点.....................................14山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）22.6三塔蒸馏............................................142.6.1应用三塔蒸馏的工艺的目的[5].........................142.6.2半直接式三塔蒸馏的工艺流程.........................152.6.3三塔蒸馏工艺条件...................................16第三章工艺计算................................163.1全厂物料与热量衡算[1,10]................................163.1.1产品方案与建设规模.................................163.1.2原料消耗的计算.....................................173.1.3蒸煮醪、糖化醪与发酵醪的计算.......................183.1.4成品与发酵醪的计算.................................193.1.5总物料衡算汇总.....................................213.2酒精生产各工段的物料和热量衡算.......................223.2.1蒸煮工段的物料和热量衡算...........................223.2.2糖化工段的物料和热量衡算......................233.2.3发酵工段的物料和热量衡算...........................233.2.4蒸馏工段的物料和热量衡算...........................243.3蒸馏工段用水衡算.....................................31第四章设备选型...............................334.1原料预处理车间设备设计和选型.........................334.1.1原料除杂与粉碎设备设计和选型.......................334.2液化糖化设备设计选型[10]...............................364.3发酵设备设计选型[10]...................................38山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）34.4蒸馏设备设计选型[10]...................................394.4.1醪塔的设计........................................404.4.2精馏塔的设计......................................414.5设备基本配置........................................44第五章车间布置................................455.1车间布置原则[1].......................................455.2车间布置内容........................................465.3车间布置的特点......................................46第六章安全生产................................476.1安全生产条例........................................476.1.1环境保护设计依据...................................476.1.2劳动安全卫生设计依据...............................476.2劳动安全卫生措施.....................................48参考文献........................................50致谢..........................................51山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）4摘要酒精工业在我国轻工业中占有十分重要的地位，它是许多化工产品的生产原料，在医疗工业、食品工业和燃料工业方面都得到广泛的应用。酒精工业与其他工业相比，具有投资少，见效快的特点，而且生产工艺简单稳定，不易造成原材料的浪费，因此，要大力发展酒精工业。现通过对玉米酒精连续发酵工厂原料预处理车间的初步设计，应用玉米干法粉碎，低温双酶法液化糖化，连续发酵产酒精，但直接是三塔蒸馏工艺。粉碎工艺中应用斗式提升机、气带输送机、锤式粉碎机、永磁滚筒等设备。低温双酶法液化糖化工艺应用一系列液化罐、后熟罐、糖化罐，两次用到螺旋板换热器。通过该工艺的的设计和设备的选型，提高原料利用率，简化生产工艺，便于工业化生产，提高经济效益。该工艺比高温蒸煮节能百分比为46％，低温蒸煮节能显著，蒸煮温度降低，消耗的冷却水及电也跟着降低，酵母的产生量明显减少，甲醇含量降低，淀粉损失降低，酵母的发酵更彻底，出酒率增加。这些设备管路在密闭状态下作业，减少了污染的可能性，螺旋板换热器的使用节约了大量的冷却水，同时减少了占地面积。关键词：酒精生产低温双酶法原料预处理生产设计山东轻工业学院2012届本科生毕业设计（论文）5ABSTRACTTheethylalcoholindustryholdstheextremelyimportantstatusinourcountrylightindustry,itismanychemicalproductsproductionrawmaterial,inthemedicalindustry,thefoodindustryandthefuelindustryaspectallobtainsthewidespreadapplication.Theethylalcoholindustrycompareswithotherindustries,hasinvestsfew,theeffectivequickcharacteristic,moreoverproductioncraftsimplestable,isnoteasytocreatetherawmaterialthewaste,therefore,mustvigorouslydeveloptheethylalcoholindustry.Presentlythroughpretreatstheworkshoptothecornethylalcoholcontinuousfermentationfactoryrawmaterialthepreliminarydesign,violatesthelawthesmashingusingthecorn,thelowtemperaturedoubleenzymelawliqueficationsaccharification,thecontinuousfermentationproducestheethylalcohol,butdirectlyisthreetowersdistillationcraft.Inthesmashingcraftappliesthebucketelevator,thegasrangeconveyer,hammerequipmentandsoontypegrinder,permanentmagnetismdrum.Afterthelowtemperaturedoubleenzymelawliqueficationsaccharificationcraftappliesaseriesofliquefiedpot,theripepot,thesaccharificationpot,twotimeusesspiralboardtotradethesteam.Throughthiscraftthedesignandtheequipmentshaping,raisestherawmaterialusefactor,thesimplificationproductioncraft,isadvantageousfortheindustrializationproduction,enhancestheeconomicefficiency.Thiscraftsteamstheenergyconservationpercentagecomparedtothehightemperatureis46%,thelowtemperaturesteamstheenergyconservationremarkably,steamstemperaturedrop,theconsumptioncoolingwaterandtheelectricityalsowithisreducing,yeast'sproductionquantityobviouslyreduces,themethylalcoholcontentreduces,thestarchlossreduces,yeast'sf