现场管理---7浪费(ppt文档33页)

Lean/DMSOverviewLean(Exercise)精益（练习）Exercise:Bytable/groupcomeupwithyourdefinitionof揕ean练习：按课桌/小组给出您对“精益”的定义WhatisLean?什么是精益？WhatisLean?什么是精益？Lean精益leanadj.精益：形容词1a:lackingordeficientinflesh.b:containinglittleornofata:无肉或少肉b:少脂肪或无脂肪2:lackingrichness不富裕3:deficientinanessentialorimportantqualityoringredient在必要性、重要性、质量或成分方面稀缺4:charac-terizedbyeconomyofstyleorexpression文体或措辞简练syn.thin,skinny,lanky,scrawny,gaunt,bony,emaciated,svelte,lank同义词：薄、极瘦、过分瘦长、骨瘦如柴、瘦削的、似骨的、消瘦的、细长的、瘦长的ant.fat,fleshy,overweight,flabby,obese,plump,chunky,corpulent,soft反义词：肥胖的、多肉的、过重的、不结实的、过分肥胖的、丰满的、粗短的、肥大的、软的Lean精益WhatisLean?-Womack什么是精益1.Definevaluepreciselyfromtheperspectiveoftheendcustomer从最终用户的角度准确地定义价值2.Identifytheentirevaluestreamforeachproductorproductfamilyandeliminatewaste确定每一种产品或产品系列的整个价值流，消除浪费3.Maketheremainingvaluecreatingstepsflow理顺创造价值的步骤4.Designandprovidewhatthecustomerwantsonlywhenthecustomerwantsit只在客户需要时设计和提供他们所需的东西5.Pursueperfection追求完美Lean精益AtDelphi,Leanis...Abusinessstrategyformaximizingprofitbyenergizingpeopletorespondtocustomerdemandintheshortestpossibletimebyeliminatingwasteineverythingwedo.在德尔福公司，精益表示…一种经营战略，它激励人们在所做的任何事情中消除浪费，在尽可能短的时间内对客户需求作出反应，从而使利润最大化。2019/10/7MassProductionvs.LeanManufacturingWithLeanProductionYouCanGet:7of3090%ReductioninProductionTime90%ReductioninInventories50%ReductioninErrorsReachingCustomers50%ReductioninScrap50%ReductioninJobRelatedInjuriesTheamountofhumaneffort,time,space,tools,andinventoriesneededtodesignandprovideagivenserviceorgoodcantypicallybecutinhalfveryquickly,andsteadyprogresscanbemaintainedfromthispointonwardtocutinputsinhalfagainwithinafewyears.LeanThinking,Womack&JonesWhatisDMS?什么是德尔福制造系统ChangeinManufacturing制造业的演化HenryFord亨利·福特•Assemblylinemassproduction装配线大批量生产•Produceinhighvolumewithlowvariety生产数量多、品种少•Singleskill单一技术ToyotaProductionSystem(TPS)丰田公司制造系统•Just-In-Time?Production(produceonlywhatisneeded)“准时生产制”（只生产所需要的）•PullSystem拉动系统•Produceenoughvolumetomeetcustomers?needs生产足够的数量以满足客户的需要•Highvarietytomeetcustomerswants多品种以满足客户的要求•COMMONManufacturingSystemtoDelphiDivisions•VisionandOperatingPrinciples•SixInterdependentElements–Thesixinterdependentelementsprovidethebasicframeworkofthemanufacturingsystem.Theyarethefocusofouractivities:Developingprofoundknowledge,planningandimplementation,andcontinuousimprovement.•德尔福各分部共同的制造系统•前景展望和运行原则•六个相互依存的要素–六个相互依存的要素构成了该制造系统的基本结构。它们是我们活动的中心：拓展丰富的知识、规划和实施以及不断改进。WhatisDMS?什么是德尔福制造系统•Transform&ContinuouslyimproveouroperationstoaQualityNetworkbased,globallydominantmanufacturer转变并持续地改进我们的业务从而使其成为基于质量网络的在全球处于主导地位的制造厂商。•ReduceTotalManufacturingCosts降低总的制造成本–ReduceCustomerResponseTime减少对客户的反应时间–ReduceInventory减少库存–ReduceNon-ValueAddedActivities减少非增值活动–IncreaseProductivity提高生产效率–ImproveQuality提高质量–ReduceStructuralCosts降低结构成本•Engagetheworkforceintheprocess让员工参与这一过程DMSObjectives德尔福制造系统目标OperatingPrinciples运行原则DefinetheFundamentalBasisoftheManufacturingSystem确定制造系统的主要基础•EnsurethattheHealthandSafetyofallourpeopleisourpriority.确保所有员工的健康和安全是我们的首要任务•AggressivelyimproveCustomerresponsetime.积极缩短对客户的反应时间•ImplementQualityattheSource.从源头处保证质量•CreateaLearning,Supportive,andCooperativeCulture.创造一个相互学习、相互支持和相互协作的企业文化•CompetitivelymanufactureatanyvolumeandbeFlexibletoanyquest.在任何制造批量下都具有竞争力并能灵活地满足客户需求•RelentlesslypursuetheEliminationofWaste.不懈努力，消除浪费•EstablishprocessmeasurementsthatcontributetoBusinessGoals.建立有助于实现业务目标的过程衡量指标•DrivetheTransformationProcessthroughKnowledgeableandInvolvedLeadership.通过知识渊博和全身心投入的领导人员推动变革进程•DefineandUnderstandRolesandResponsibilities.确定并理解岗位和责任•OptimizetheManufacturingSystemthroughbalancedImplementationoftheInterdependentElements.通过均衡地实施六个相互依存的要素来优化制造系统•Correction•Overproduction•MaterialMovement/conveyance•Motion•Waiting•Inventory•Processing7TypesofWastes7种类型的浪费•改正•过度生产•物料的移动和运输•动作•等候•库存•加工过程的浪费Definition:•ProducingMoreThanNeeded•ProducingFasterThanNeededWasteofOverproduction过度生产的浪费定义:•生产超过了需求•生产快过了需求Characteristics特点:•InventoryStockpiles库存积压•ExtraEquipment额外的设备•ExtraStorageRacks额外的仓储架•ExtraManpower额外的人力•AdditionalFloorSpace更多的工作场地Causes原因:•IncapableProcesses过程能力低下•LackofCommunication缺乏交流•LongToolChanges工具更换周期长•LowUptimes计划工时利用率低•LackofStable/ConsistentSchedules缺乏稳定/连贯的计划安排WasteofOverproduction过度生产的浪费Definition:ReworkofaProductorServicetoMeetCustomerRequirementsWasteofCorrection改正的浪费定义:为满足客户的要求，对产品或服务进行的返工。Characteristics特点:•ExtraTimeRequiredbyWorkforcetoInspect/Rework/Repair工人需要额外的时间来检查/返工/修理•MissedShipments/Deliveries错过了装运/交货时间•OrganizationBecomesReactive(FireFighting,ExpeditingVs.PreventionOrientation)•使组织变得被动(疲于“救火”，而不是采取各种预防措施)Causes原因:•IncapableProcesses过程能力低下•OperatorControlError操作者控制失误•InsufficientTraining缺少足够的培训WasteofCorrection改正的浪费Definition:Anymovementofmaterialthatdoesnotdirectlysupportaleansystem.WasteofMaterialMovement/Conveyance材料移动/传送的浪费定义:任何不直接支持一个精益系统的材料移动。Characteristics特点:•ExtraForkTrucks额外的叉车•MultipleStorageLocations多处储存地点•ExtraFacilitySpace额外的设施空间•IncorrectInventoryCounts不正确的存货清点•OpportunityforDamage/FloorLoss存在损坏/丢失物品可能Causes原因:•UnleveledSchedules计划安排不平衡•LongChangeOverTimes更换品种时间长•LackofWorkPlaceOrganization工作场