必修二-unit4知识点全总结

Unit4Wildlifeprotection语言点mercy【原句回放】Farmershunteduswithoutmercy.农民们毫不留情的猎杀我们【点拨】1.mercy(cn./un.)仁慈；宽容；怜悯Theyshowedmercytotheirenemies.Theshipwasatthemercyofthestorm.2.Adj.merciful仁慈的，宽容的。Shewasmercifultotheprisoners.【拓展】atthemercyofsb./sth.任……处置；对……无能为力；任由摆布throwoneselfonsb’smercy指望某人能宽容withoutmercy残忍地showmercytosbhavemercyonsb同情可怜某人affect【原句回放】Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes.它含有一种影响蚊子的强效药物[来源:学_科_网]【点拨】affect(Vt.)影响；使感动。Thechangeinclimatemayaffectyourhealth.【拓展】Have/produceaneffecton对……有影响comeintoeffect生效；实施beofnoeffect无效的；无用的decrease【原句回放】Iftheirhabitatisthreatenedortheycannotfindenoughfood，theirnumbersmaydecrease．如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或它们不能找到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。【点拨】decreasev.&n.(1)vi.&vt.降低，减少，使(变小)[搭配]decreasein在……方面减少from在……基础上减少to减少到……by减少了……[特别提示]decreasev.减少[近]reducev.减少[反]increasev.增加①Allpeopledesirean________inwell-being(福利)．Theworkmenwantto___________theworkinghoursandtopayloss【原句回放】lossofbamboogrowingareas竹子生长地的丧失【点拨】lossn.(1)[U]损失；遗失；丧失Didyoureportthelossofyourjewellerytothepolice?(2)损失，损坏Thecompanysufferedaheavylossasaresultofthatmistake．(3)[C]输，未能赢Whatmadehimunhappywasthelossofyesterday’sfootballmatch．【拓展】thelossofsth.损失/丢失/输掉某物sufferaloss(of)蒙受损失makeupaloss弥补损失ataloss不知所措，困惑loseone’sway迷路loseoneself迷路，迷失方向；沉湎于loseone’sbalance失去平衡loseagame/matchby(以……之差)输掉比赛belostin沉迷于[联想](派生)losev.失去；丢失；损失；输lostadj.丢失的，失去的，输掉的losern.失败者reserve【原句回放】Wedrovethecarslowlyandwatchedthelionsinthenaturereserve．我们慢慢驾车观察自然保护区里的狮子。(1)[C]保护区，禁猎区(2)[C]储藏，储备Imustkeepagoodreserveofenergyfortomorrow’smatch．Ihavelittlemoneyinreserve．(3)v.保留You’dbetterreservethemoneyforfutureneed．(4)v.(=book)预约，预订Wemustreservetwoseatsinthecinema．【拓展】aforestreserve保护林agamereserve禁猎区inreserve储备，备用withoutreserve坦率地，毫无保留地keepareserveof...for(=reservesth.for)保留……以备reservationn.保留地；居留地reservedadj.内向的；说话不多的unreservedadj.未被预订的[来源:Zxxk.Com][提示]reserve容易与deserve(应得；值得)混淆。contain【原句回放】Itcontainsapowerfuldrugwhichaffectsmosquitoes．【点拨】containvt.(1)包含；含有Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed．(2)容纳Thehallcancontain500people．[辨析]contain与includecontain指作为组成部分而被“包含”或“容纳”在内。include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，用于“句子，including+被包括部分”或“句子，被包括部分+included”。Twenty-threepeople，includingthreebabies，wereinjuredinthetrafficaccident．【拓展】containern.容器(如瓶，箱，罐)appreciate【原句回放】YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether．你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林。并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【点拨】appreciatev.(1)(不用于进行时)欣赏，赏识；重视Herfamilydoesn’tappreciateher．(2)(不用于进行时)感激，感谢，欢迎Iwouldappreciateitifyoupaidincash．Yoursupportisgreatlyappreciated．[搭配]Iwouldappreciateitif...如果……，我将不胜感激。[特别提示]①appreciate后不接todo作宾语，可接doing或名词、代词。②appreciate通常不用于进行时态中。succeed【原句回放】Whatmustbedoneifwildlifeprotectionistosucceed?如果野生生物保护得以成功，必须做什么?【点拨】succeedv.成功，达到目的[搭配]succeedin(doing)sth．成功地做了某事Theplanhassucceeded．这个计划成功了。Hesucceededin(passing)theentranceexamination．他成功地通过了升学考试。【拓展】Successn.成功，成就successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地successn.成功的人或事重点短语dieout【原句回放】Asaresulttheseendangeredanimalsmayevendieout．结果，这些濒危的动物甚至可能会灭绝。【点拨】dieout(1)(动植物物种)灭绝Thiskindofbirdisdyingout．。(2)(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失，消灭Manytraditionalcustomshavediedoutbecausetheyareoutofdate．(3)(火)逐渐熄灭Thefireisdyingoutandyou’dbetteraddsomefirewood．【拓展】dieaway(声音、光线、风等)逐渐平息，渐弱dieoff(家庭、种族等)相继灭亡，(草木)先后枯死diedown(火、兴奋程度等)渐弱，渐息；(=dieaway)(光线、声音等)变弱，消失diefrom因……致死(外因，常指情感、疾病之外的原因造成的死亡)dieof因……而死，死于……(内因，常指情感、疾病等原因造成的死亡)diea...death死得……(death前可用形容词)protect...from...【原句回放】I’mprotectingmyselffrommosquitoes．我使自己不被蚊子叮咬。【点拨】protect...from...保护……使不受……(伤害)，相当于protect...against...，from/against是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight．【拓展】keepsb.fromdoingstopsb.(from)doingpreventsb.(from)doing阻止某人做bekept/stopped/preventedfromdoing被阻止做(from不能省)payattentionto【原句回放】YoushouldpaymoreattentiontotherainforestwhereIliveandappreciatehowtheanimalslivetogether．你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林。并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。【点拨】payattentionto注意payattentionto中attention没有复数，其前可以用修饰不可数名词的数量词，不能用冠词、所有格等限定词，to是介词，后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语。AgreatdealofattentionhasbeenpaidtoprotectingtheenvironmentYouspeakEnglishwell，butyou’dbetterpaymoreattentiontoyourwrittenEnglish．【拓展】MayIhaveyourattention，please?(=Attention，please!)请注意!draw／attract／catch／getone’sattentionto吸引某人对某事的注意fix／focusone’sattentionon将注意力集中于devoteone’sattentionto专心致志于listen／watchwithattention注意听／观察Standatattention．(=Attention!)立正![提示]以上短语中的to，on皆为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。indanger【原句回放】Whyaretheyindangerofdisappearing?它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中?【点拨】indanger处于危险中Thelittleboywasonceindangeroflosinghissight．Whichdoctorhelpedhimoutofdanger?那小男孩曾经处于失明的危险中，是哪位医生帮助他脱离危险的?[提示]danger表示抽象意义的“危险”时，是不可数名词，表示具体意义“危险的人/物”时，是可数名词。【拓展】fullofdanger充满危险help...outofdanger帮助……脱离险境Thereisadangerof...有……的危险adangerto...对……很危险.comeintobeing形成;产生(教材P30)Theylivedontheearthtensofmillionsofyearsago,longbeforehumanscameintobeingandtheirfutureseemedsecureatthattime.它们生活在千百万年前的地球上,比人类诞生早得多,而且那时它们的未来看似很安全。归纳拓展comeintopower当权comeintoeffect生效comeintoaction开始行动comeintooffice就职comeintosight看得见comeintouse开始使用①Nooneknowswhensuchacustomcameintobeing.没人知道这种风俗是什么时候开始形成的。inpeace和平地；和睦地；安详地(常作状