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第四课时语法知识词法(3)五、动词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词(就是我们平时总说的那种动词)。动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:先用“一(量词)”(如:一个、一张等)和这个词连起来说,如说得通,一般认为是名词;说不通再用“很”去判断,就是把“很”和为个词连起来说,说得通一般就是形容词;都说不通就是动词。(目前我们学过的,以后可能不同)1、be动词(am,is,are,)1)am—was,is–was,are--were口诀:我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,所有复数全用are。2)肯定和否定句Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.Myhairis(not)long.Hereyesare(not)small.3)一般疑问句AmIaChinese?Yes,youare.No,youaren’t.AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Isthecatfat?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.4)be动词的否定形式:amnot(没有缩写形式),arenot=aren’t,isnot=isn’t。2、助动词(do,does,)do,does用于一般现在时,它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式:donot=don’t,doesnot=doesn’t,didnot=didn’t。注意:在一般现在时中,does用于第三人称单数,其余一律用助动词do;助动词do,does,后面一定要用动词原形。3、情态动词情态动词也是一类特殊的动词,平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。我们现在学过的情态动词有:can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、注意:情态动词后动词总是用原形。(不受其他任何条件影响)其否定形式:cannot=can’t,mustnot=mustn’t,…注意:maynot和shallnot(无缩写形式)4、行为动词就是我们平时上课时说的动词,表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词(也叫动名词)+ing、(1)动词原形情态动词+动词原形help+动词原形助动词+动词原形haveto+动词原形Shallwe+动词原形祈使句动词原形开头want+to++动词原形how+to++动词原形wouldlike+to++动词原形Wouldyoulike+to+动原behappy+to++动词原形Let+宾格+动词原形It’stime+to+动词原形can’twaitto+动词原形(2)动词第三人称单数变化规则:A、一般直接加“s”,如:play–plays,visit–visits,speak–speaks;B、以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾时,加“es”,如:catch–catches,watch–watches;C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“es”,如:carry–carries,study–studies。(3)现在分词(动名词)构成规则:A、一般直接加“ing”,如:go–going,do–doing,look–looking;B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词,去“e”加“ing”,如:take–taking,make–making,have–having;C、以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个字母再加“ing”,如:put–putting,stop–stopping,run–running,get–getting,swim–swimming,sit–sitting,begin–beginning,forget–forgetting。be+动词ingno+动词inggo+动词inglike+动词inglove+动词ingstart+动词ingbegin++动词ingstop+动词inghowabout/Whatabout+动词ingbegoodat+动词in不是祈使句,放在句子开头的动词要加ing练一练:一、用be动词的适当形式填空1.What__________youdoinghere?2.Jimmy_________absentfromschoollastMonday.3.There_________alotofpeoplehereyesterday.4.We_________goingtogiveherthekeytomorrow.5.SmithandI__________atthebarber’slastnight.6.There_________atree,ativer,andmanyflowersonthepicture.7.Thatpairofshoes______(be)new.二、用适当的助动词填空。1)______youlikethismagazine?2)---What______she______attheweekends?---Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.3)---What______youdolastSunday?---Iwrotetomyfriend.4)---DidyouseeaBeijingopera?---No,I______.三、用动词的适当形式填空。(1)I______toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.Mybrotheroften_______toschoolwithme.Welike________toschoolverymuch.(go)(2)Theyusually_______lunchathome.(have)(3)Mysisterlikes________verymuch.Sheoften_______atourschoolfestival.She_____beautifully.(sing)(4)What_____heusually______onSunday?Heusually______hishomework.Look!He__________hishomeworknow.(do)(5)Dopeopleusually_______mooncakesatMid-autumnFestival?Yes,theydo.Doyoulike_______mooncakesYes,Ido.(eat)(6)Iwant______apples.(pick)四、写出下列动词的现在分词。put__________give__________fly_________get________dance________sit_________run________take___________swim_________ask___________stop__________take_________
本文标题:小学英语动词讲解及练习
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