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(一)基本单词1.____________n.语言学家2.____________n.口音3.___________adj.显然的,显而易见的4.____________n.(英)高速公路5.____________n.(英)地铁6.____________adj.(美)地铁linguistaccentobviousmotorwayundergroundsubway7.____________n.(美)手电筒;火把8.____________vi.(英)排队(等候)9.____________n.介词10.____________vt.比较11.____________vt.省略12.____________n.评论;讲话13.____________adv.不断地;持续地14.____________n.卫星flashlightqueueprepositioncompareomitremarksteadilysatellite15.____________n.轻打;轻弹;抖动16.____________n.开关17.____________n.结构;体系18.____________adv.迅速地19.____________n.语言学20.____________n.(广播、电视节目的)期;版21.____________adj.逗人喜爱的22.____________vt.加;增加switchstructurerapidlylinguisticseditioncuteaddflick23.____________vt.陈述;提出(观点、计划等)24.____________n.努力;尝试25.____________vt.简化26.____________n.组合;结合27.____________adj.与众不同的28.____________n.外观;外表;样子29.____________vt.批评30.____________n.参考;查阅attemptsimplifycombinationdistinctivelookpresentcriticisereference31.___________adj.令人困惑的;难懂的→__________adj.感到困惑的→__________v.使……困惑32.____________n.种类→__________v.变化,不同→__________adj.各种各样的33.____________vi.不同,有区别→__________adj.不同的→__________n.不同;差异(二)派生单词confusingconfusedconfusevarietyvaryvariousdifferdifferentdifference34.__________n.移民;定居者→________v.定居;殖民;解决→_________n.殖民地35._____________n.声明;宣告→___________v.宣布→___________n.播音员,广播员36.___________adj.标准的→_________n.标准37.___________n.参考;查阅→_________v.参考;查阅;涉及到settlersettlesettlementannouncementannounceannouncerstandardstandardreferencerefer1._________________有相同的特点2._________________使不相同3._________________四处走动(旅行)4._________________与……相似5.__________________________做某事有困难6.________________引起;导致7.________________同意;支持三、短语have...incommonmakeadifferencegetaroundbesimilartohavedifficulty(in)doingsth.leadtoinfavorof8.________________称……为……9.________________幸亏,多亏10._______________排除等候11.________________在某方面12._______________与…作斗争[争吵],反对…referto...asthankstoqueueupin…wayfightagainst1.confusingadj.令人困惑的;难懂的【拓展】confusevt.使迷惑;使难于理解confusedadj.感到迷惑的,感到难懂的confusionn.困惑,混乱;混淆一、单词【归纳】confuseAwith/andB把A和B相混淆beconfusedbysth.被……搞糊涂了get/becomeconfused困惑,不知所措inconfusion困惑地;困窘地2.comparev.比较【归纳】compare作及物动词时,意为“比较,把……比作”。compareAand/with/toBA与B比较compare作不及物动词时,意为“与……相比”comparewith/to与……相比3.differvi.不同,有区别;持不同看法【归纳】differfrom不同于……differin在……方面不同agreetodiffer求同存异differabout/on/oversth.在某事上有分歧differwithsb.与某人有分歧【拓展】differentadj.不同的differencen.差别,不同makeadifference对……有影响makeno/some/muchdifference没有/有一些/有很大影响4.remarkvt.谈到,评论vi.讲述;观察【归纳】remarkon/upon...就……发表意见remark后也可跟that从句remarkn.评论,谈论,言辞【归纳】makearemarkaboutsth.发表关于……的评论【拓展】remarkableadj.值得注意的,显著的,相当不错的remarkablyadv.相当地,非常地5.variationn.变化,变动,变体【拓展】varyv.变化,改变;variousadj.不同的,各种各样的;variableadj.可变的,易变的;variedadj.多种多样的,多变的;varietyn.多种多样,品种6.presentvt.赠送,颁发(礼物、奖品等),提交,陈述;呈现,出示;介绍,引见n.礼物,赠品;现在adj.在场的,出席的;现在的【归纳】atpresent=atthepresenttime目前,现在forthepresent暂时uptothepresent至今bepresentat出席presentsth.tosb./presentsb.withsth.向某要赠送/展示某物presentsb.tosb.正式把某人介绍、引见给某人(地位级别较高的人)present用作形容词,表示“在场的”时,通常作表语或后置定语;表示“现在的”时常用作前置定语。e.g.I’mnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.Therewere200peoplepresentatthemeeting.7.addvt.加;增加【归纳】addto使(数量)增加,使(规模)扩大add...to...往……添加……addup合乎情理,有道理add(sth.)up(把……)加起来addupto总计为,意味着8.attemptn.企图;试图;尝试;努力【归纳】makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth.试图做某事makeanattempton试图夺取atone’sfirstattempt某人第一次尝试attemptvt.试图;企图后常接动词不定式作宾语。【归纳】attempt+sth./pron.尝试……attempt+todo/doingsth.尝试做某事1.have...incommon(with)(和……)在……方面有相同之处【拓展】havealot(much)/something/little/nothingincommonwith与……有很多/有一些/几乎没有/没有相同之处incommon(with)(与……)相同,一样outofthecommon不寻常的,特殊的二、短语2.makeadifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/某事物)有作用或影响;(对某人/某事物)重要、要紧【拓展】makeno/littledifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/某事物)没有/几乎没有作用或影响;(对某人/某事物)不重要、不要紧makesomedifference(tosb./sth.)(对某人/某事物)有些作用或影响makemuchdifferenceto对……有很大影响(作用)makeadifferencebetween区别对待,不同对待3.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难介词in可以省略【拓展】表示“做某事有困难”还可以用下列几种结构:havedifficultywithsth.thereis(some)difficulty(in)doingsth.dosth.withdifficultyIt’sdifficult(forsb.)todosth.difficulty意为“困难”时,为不可数名词,相当于trouble,其前可用some,any,no,great,much,little等修饰。4.leadto导致,引起;通向其中to是介词,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语【拓展】leadto还可译为“导致,招致”,相当于resultin或cause。leadsb.to+n.带领……通往/到……leadsb.todosth.使……做……leadtosb./sth.doingsth.导致某人/某物做某事leada...life过着……的生活5.infavourof(sb./sth.)赞同,支持;对……有利【拓展】infavour赞同的;流行的;得宠的infavourwithsb.受某人恩宠insb.'sfavour对某人有利的(地)outoffavour失宠的;不流行的dosb.afavour/doafavourforsb.帮某人忙owesb.afavour欠某人情份dooneselfafavour照顾自己【联想】in+n.+of结构短语inneedof需要inhonourof为纪念……inmemoryof为纪念……insearchof搜寻……infaceof面对indangerof面对……的危险inchargeof负责inpossessionof拥有三、句式1....ithasbeenpossibletodo...……做……是可能的在此句式中it为形式主语,todo不定式为真正主语。it作形式主语笼统地讲分为三种情况:It+谓语+todo/doing/名词性从句具体说可分为以下常见几种句型:Itis+n./adj.+that.../todosth.Itis/was+p.p.+that...Itseems/looks+that.../asif...Ithappened/happensthat...It’snouse/gooddoingsth.Itmakesnodifferencethat...2.Americansuseaflashlight,whilefortheBritish,it'satorch.美国人把手电筒称为flashlight,而英国人却叫它torch。while此处表示对比,同whereas,意为“而,然而”。while用作连词还可意为:1)在……期间,当……的时候2)与……同时3)虽然;尽管while用作名词afterawhile过了一会儿allthewhile一直,始终inashortwhile一会儿以后onceinawhile偶尔,间或worth
本文标题:外研版高二必修五-module-1-知识清单
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