Unit1Greatscientists

Unit1Greatscientists1．putforward提出(意见、建议、观点等)；提前；把(时钟)往前拨；推荐，提名(教材原句P1)Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？归纳拓展搭配putsthforward（＝putforwardsth）提出某事；把某事提前；把（时钟）往前拨putsbforward（as...）提名某人（为某职位的候选人）【链接】putdown放下；镇压；写下putaway收拾好；储存put...inforce使……生效put...intopractice实施，实行putoff延期puton穿上；上演；假装putout扑灭，使熄灭；生产putup举起；搭建；张贴；留……住宿putupwith容忍putaside把……撇开不理，不考虑即学即练用put短语完成句子。①JohnSnow________________asuggestionthatpeoplenotbeexposedtopollutedwater.②Oursportsmeetinghasbeen________tillnextmonthbecauseofthebadweather.③They________anoticethere，saying，“Keepoffthegrass.”④Thefirewas________finallywiththehelpofthefirefighters.⑤Howcanyou________sucharudepersonforsolongatime?⑥We've________________________byoneweek.我们已把婚礼提前了一周。⑦Rememberto______________________tonight.记住今晚把时钟指针往前拨。⑧CanI________________asourclubsecretary?我能推荐/提名你担任我们俱乐部的秘书吗？答案：①putforward②putoff③putup④putout⑤putupwith⑥puttheweddingforward⑦putyourclocksforward⑧putyouforward2．conclusionn．结论；结束(教材原句P1)Drawaconclusion得出结论归纳拓展搭配arriveat/cometo/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论makeaconclusion下结论；结束inconclusion总而言之即学即练完成句子。①Theexpert________________thatthereweremanypeopleinfectedwithcholera.这位专家断定许多人得了霍乱。②Withoutsupportingevidence，wecan't________．没有强有力的证据，我们不能下结论。答案：①cametotheconclusion②makeaconclusion3．defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n．失败(教材原句P2)JOHNSNOWDEFEATS“KINGCHOLERA”约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”defeatvt.打败；战胜；使受挫n．[U，C]失败(1)Althoughtherewerelotsofdifficultiestoovercome，sheneverletherproblemsdefeather.虽然生活中有许多困难，但她从不让困难打败自己。(2)Knowtheenemyandknowyourselfandyoucanfightahundredbattleswithnodangerofdefeat.知己知彼，百战不殆。易混辨析defeat/beat，win(战胜)词语辨析defeat/beat后只接人(宾语可以是team，nation，opponent等)win后只接事或物，因为win的宾语不是竞争对手，而是比赛、战斗、奖品等(宾语是game，war，prize等)YesterdayIdefeated/beatJohnatchess.Hewononlyoneset，whileIwontwosets.昨天我和约翰下棋赢了他。他只赢了一盘，而我赢了两盘。即学即练完成句子。①________________，theOlympicsareaplatformforpersonalandnationalglory.不论是胜利还是失败，奥林匹克就是实现个人和国家荣誉的舞台。②Doyoustillremember________？你还记得那两次失败吗？③Theproblem________！这道题把我难住了！答案：①Invictoryanddefeat②thetwodefeats③defeatsme4．attendvt.照顾；护理；注意；出席；参加(教材原句P2)JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon－soexpert，indeed，thatheattendedQueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。归纳拓展(1)v.照顾；护理；专心；注意搭配attend（to）sb照料/关怀某人attendtosth处理/专心于某事①TherewasnoonetoattendhimbutTina.除了蒂娜，再无人照顾他了。②Attendtoyourstudyandstoptalking.专心学习，不要说话。(2)vt.出席；参加搭配：attendameeting/alecture/school参加会议/听讲座/上学Hedidnotattendthemeetingyesterday.昨天他没有参加会议。注意：作“照顾；护理”讲时，可用attend，也可用attendon/upon；作“出席；参加”讲时，attend多作及物动词。【助记】多义：attend[at-(＝ad-，向)＋tend(伸)]原义“伸向”：心向着某人或某事为“注意；照顾”；脚步向着某一地方为“出席；参加”。【搭配】attendto处理(生意或个人事务)；接待(顾客)易混辨析join/attend/joinin/takepartin词语辨析join指加入某个组织或团体，如军队、团队、政党等attend指参加会议或仪式，如参加婚礼、葬礼、典礼，或上课、上学、听报告等joinin侧重指与某人一起做某事，有joinsbinsth和joininsth两种结构takepartin指参加有组织的活动等，并起重要作用①Idecidedtojointhearmy.我决定参军。②Iattendedthemeeting，butdidn'tjoinin/takepartinthediscussion.我出席了会议，但没有参加讨论。即学即练选词填空：attend/join/takepartin/joinin。①Myfather________arevolutionaryorganizationin1938.②We'll________socialactivitiesduringthesummervacation.③Hewill________animportantmeetingtomorrow.④Whydidn'tyou________thetalk?完成句子。⑤Willyou________forawhilewhileI'maway?我要出去一会儿，你能不能帮我照看一下店铺？⑥Hetoldmethathehadanimportantparty________thatnight.他告诉我那天晚上他有个重要宴会要参加。答案：①joined②takepartin③attend④joinin⑤attendtomyshop⑥toattend5．exposevt.暴露；显露；揭露；使曝光；使遭受(危险等)；使接触到(教材原句P2)Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholera.但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，就感到很受鼓舞。归纳拓展搭配expose...to...使……暴露于……；使遭受beexposedto暴露于；接触Don'texposebabiestostrongsunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。即学即练用expose的适当形式填空或完成句子。①Shehasthecourage________herselftodangers.②Thestudent________toEnglishforaboutsixyears.③Itisunwise________bytryingtoperformmusicthatistoodifficultforyou.演奏对自己来说太难的乐曲而使自己难堪是不明智的。④Theyconsideritalmostacrime________violenceandsexonTV.他们认为让儿童接触暴力和色情电视节目几乎是一种犯罪行为。答案：①toexpose②hasbeenexposed③toexposeyourself④toexposechildrento6．everytime用作连词，引导时间状语从句。意为“每次……就”，与eachtime相同(教材原句P2)Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人病死。归纳拓展在every/eachtime等引导的时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时态，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。可充当连词的名词词组：the＋瞬间名词(minute，moment，instant)the＋序数词＋time不定代词(each，every，any)＋timethe＋day(week，month，year)即学即练完成句子。①Donotgiveadogbread________hewagshistail.不要有求必应。②Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld________Iarrivedhere.我一到这里就感到耳目一新。③Hecameoutoftheclassroom________________．一下课他就离开了教室。④________________，pleaseclosethedoor.下次进来的时候，请把门关上。⑤Ithoughtherniceandhonest________．我第一次见到她就认为她是一个诚实的好人。答案：①everytime/eachtime②themoment/theminute③themomenttheclasswasover④Next/Thenexttimeyoucomein⑤thefirsttimeIsawher注意：immediately，themoment，directly等与everytime一样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为“一……就”。如：(1)IwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelyIseehim.我一见到他就把这封信给他。(2)IcamedirectlyIgotyourletter.我一接到你的信就来了。7．suggestv．暗示，表明；提议，建议(教材原句P2)①Thefirstsuggestedthatcholeramultipliedintheair.第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。(教材原句P3)②...JohnSnowsuggestedthatthesourceofallthewatersuppliesbeexamined.……约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。[句式分析]句①中suggest表示“表明，暗示，显示”，其后的从句用的是陈述语气；句②中suggest表示“建议