一般过去时变化规则

一般过去时变化规则(1)一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played,offer—offered,weigh—weighed,Destroy—destroyed,sign—signed.(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked,provide—provided,hate—hated,date—dated。(3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加ed。如：supply—supplied,fly—flied,study—studied.(4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned,refer—referred,regret—regretted,ban—banned.★重读闭音节三要素：（1）一个元音字母后跟一个或几个辅音字母（2）以一个辅音音素结尾；（3）元音字母发短元音。★长元音：[i:][ə:][a:][ɔ:][u:]短元音：[e][i][ʌ][æ][ə][ɔ][u]常用不规则动词分类表⒈A---A---A型（现在式、过去式、过去分词同形）costcostcost花费cutcutcut割，切hithithit打letletlet让putputput放下readreadread读hurthurthurt伤⒉A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形）beatbeatbeaten打⒊A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形）comecamecome来becomebecamebecome变runranrun跑⒋A---B---B型⑴在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt学习meanmeantmeant意思hearheardheard听见⑵把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t”构成过去式或过去分词。buildbuiltbuilt建筑lendlentlent借给loselostlost失去sendsentsent送spendspentspent花费⑶其他paypaidpaid付laylaidlaid下蛋saysaidsaid说bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教fightfoughtfought战斗sleepsleptslept睡keepkeptkept保持sweepsweptswept扫standstoodstood站understandunderstoodunderstood明白winwonwon得胜shineshone/shinedshone/shined发光feelfeltfelt觉得findfoundfound发现getgotgot得到hanghanged/hunghanged/hung绞死，挂havehadhad有holdheldheld盛，握leaveleftleft离开makemademade制造meetmetmet遇见sellsoldsold卖shootshotshot射击telltoldtold告诉sitsatsat坐smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled嗅，闻digdugdug挖⒌A---B---C型（现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同）⑴在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词。eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下stealstolestolen偷givegavegiven给freezefrozefrozen冻结taketooktaken拿seesawseen看见writewrotewritten写rideroderidden骑drivedrovedriven驾驶throwthrewthrown抛，扔blowblewblown吹growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道flyflewflown飞drawdrewdrawn拉，绘画showshowedshown展示⑵过去式加-n或-en构成过去分词。speakspokespoken说话breakbrokebroken破碎，折断wakewaked/wokewaked/waken醒choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘记⑶变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”（过去式）和“u”（过去分词）。beginbeganbegun开始ringrangrung按铃singsangsung唱sinksanksunk沉swimswamswum游泳drinkdrankdrunk饮⑷其他不规则动词的变化。be(am,is)was/werebeen是be(are)werebeen是dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain躺wearworeworn穿不规则动词表不定式过去式过去分词现在分词第三人称单数注释bearboreborne，bornbearingbears忍受，承担forbearforboreforborneforbearingforbears克制，忍耐overbearoverboreoverborneoverbearingoverbears压服，征服bendbentbentbendingbends弯曲，弯腰unbendunbentunbentunbendingunbends变直，伸直bidbade，bidbidden，bidbiddingbids出价，恳求，邀请，力求，企图forbidforbade，forbadforbiddenforbiddingforbids禁止，阻碍outbidoutbidoutbidoutbiddingoutbids出价高于（别人）underbidunderbidunderbid，underbiddenunderbiddingunderbids出价较低bindboundboundbindingbinds约束，捆绑rebindreboundreboundrebindingrebinds重新捆绑unbindunboundunboundunbindingunbinds解开，解放buildbuiltbuiltbuildingbuilds建造，建立rebuildrebuiltrebuiltrebuildingrebuilds重建，恢复castcastcastcastingcasts铸造，投掷，脱落broadcastbroadcast，broadcastedbroadcast，broadcastedbroadcastingbroadcasts广播forecastforecast，forecastedforecast，forecastedforecastingforecasts预报，预测miscastmiscastmiscastmiscastingmiscasts指配不适当的角色overcastovercastovercastovercastingovercasts使沮丧，包缝，遮蔽recastrecastrecastrecastingrecasts再铸，重塑，改正comecamecomecomingcomes来，成为，变得becomebecamebecomebecomingbecomes变为，适合，发生overcomeovercameovercomeovercomingovercomes战胜，克服dealdealtdealtdealingdeals处理，分配misdealmisdealtmisdealtmisdealingmisdeals处理不当dodiddonedoingdoes做，干outdooutdidoutdoneoutdoingoutdoes胜过，优于overdooverdidoverdoneoverdoingoverdoes做得过分，夸张redoredidredoneredoingredoes重做undoundidundoneundoingundoes松开，撤销drawdrewdrawndrawingdraws绘画，拉，吸引withdrawwithdrewwithdrawnwithdrawingwithdraws撤退，退出fallfellfallenfallingfalls落下，下降befallbefellbefallenbefallingbefalls发生，降临getgotgot;(US)gottengettinggets得到，到来，成为begetbegotbegottenbegettingbegets产生，引起forgetforgotforgottenforgettingforgets忘记，忽略givegavegivengivinggives给予，赠送forgiveforgaveforgivenforgivingforgives原谅，免除misgivemisgavemisgivenmisgivingmisgives疑虑，担忧