unit1-Great-scientists--Grammar

Book5Unit1Grammar过去分词做表语、定语Abrokenheartpollutedwateraninjuredpersoncrowdedpeople\buses1.过去分词知多少1.惊恐的人们2.预留的座位3.被污染的水4.拥挤的教室5.打碎的花瓶6.关了的门7.疲惫的观众1.terrified/astonishedpeople2.reservedseats3.pollutedwater4.acrowdedroom5.abrokenvase6.acloseddoor7.thetiredaudience2.小测试1.Thepainterlookedso______(tire)afterworkingforawholeday.2.Iwas_____________(disappoint)withthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.3.Everybodyisreally_______(excite)aboutthenewOlympicstadiums.4.Thegirl__________(dress)inredismydaughter.tireddisappointedexciteddressedGrammar过去分词的用法4.作状语1.作定语2.作表语3.作补语过去分词单个过去分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。Englishisawidelyusedlanguage.Thisisoneoftheschoolsbuiltin1980s.一.过去分词作定语位置fallenleavestherisensunaretiredworker(被动)(完成)1.单个过去分词作定语，放在被修饰的名词______，做前置定语，表示______和_______。前面被动（vt.)完成(vi.)arespecteddoctorpollutedwateranewlyinventedmachine2.过去分词短语作后置定语，放在被修饰的名词_____，它的作用相当于一个定语从句.后面TheStoryofAhQwrittenbyLuXunisfamiliartous.=TheStoryofAhQwhichiswrittenbyLuXunisfamiliartous.Thecitysurroundedbymountainsismyhometown.=Thecitywhichissurroundedbymountainsismyhometown.Practice：仿写TThebookwhichiswrittenbyHanHanispopularwithstudents.=ThebookwrittenbyHanHanispopularwithstudents.TheplayerwhoislovedbymanypeopleisYaoMing.=TheplayerlovedbymanypeopleisYaoMing.现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？FallingleavesFallenleaves区别1boilingwaterboiledwatertherisingsuntherisensun正在沸腾的水已经烧开的水正在升起的太阳升起了的太阳V-ing表动作正在进行，V-ed表动作已经完成CA2.Iborrowedabook______byMarkTwainfromthelibrarylastweek.Ilikeitverymuch.A.writtenB.writingC.waswrittenD.towrite1.Didyouattendthemeeting______yesterday?A.tobeheldB.havingbeenheldC.heldD.beingheld小试1.disappointingnewsdisappointedpeople2.excitingstoryexcitedpeople3.tiredpeople/I’mtired4.tiringfilm1.令人失望的消息感到失望的人们2.激动人心的故事（感到）激动的人们3.累了的人/我感到累了4.（令人觉得）无聊的电影区别2V-edV-ing感到…的令人…的1.Asisknowntousall,travelingis____,butweoftenfeel_____whenwearebackfromtravels.A.interesting;tiredB.interested;tiring.C.interesting;tiringD.interested;tired2.Hearingthe___news,weallfelt____A.encouraging;encouragingB.encouraged;encouragedC.encouraged;encouragingD.encouraging;encouraged1.Willyouattendthemeeting________onSaturday?A.heldB.beingheldC.tobeheldD.hold2.Thewoman____alessonisourteacher.A.givingB.givenC.togiveD.give区别还没发生的动作正在发生的动作，表主动A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingA①过去分词做定语：表被动，表完成。②现在分词作定语：表主动，表进行。③不定式作定语：表示将要发生的动作。TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.区别Competethesentencesusingtherightformofthegivenverb.1.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas__________(bore)andlonely.2.Jacklookedevenmore_________(amaze)thanhefelt.3.Theresultswerevery_____________(disappoint).boredamazeddisappointing4.Iwasthankedbythe_____________(satisfy)customer.5.Thegirl___________(dress)inredismydaughter.6.LastMondayourclasswentonan____________(organise)trip.satisfieddressedorganised1.位于系动词后，不表示“被动”或“完成”，而表示主语的状态或情绪，相当于形容词。用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱.1.Theyareexcited.2.Helookedworriedafterreadingtheletter.3.Whenweheardofthis,weweredeeplymoved.二.过去分词作表语2.被动语态的过去分词被动意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟by短语。①Theglasswasbroken.TheglasswasbrokenbyTom.②Thewindowsareclosed.ThewindowsareclosedbyJack.状态动作动作状态3.表示“感觉流露”的一些过去分词(如:interested,surprised,excited,frightened,shocked)和一些过去分词(如dressed,drunk,devoted,lost,known)常用作表语,表示状态.其中有些仅表示状态,毫无被动意味。①Howdidtheaudiencereceivethenewplay?Theygotveryexcited.③Shewasverydisappointedtoheartheresult.④He’squiteexperiencedinteachingbeginners.②HowdidBobdointheexamsthistime?Well,hisfatherseemspleasedwithhisresults.C该题考查分词作表语的用法。“topaysb.bythehour”计时给某人报酬。此题过去分词作表语。类似的有：getburnt,gethurt,getwounded.1.Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget________bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayC•2.Whathehasdoneisreally____.Nowhisparentsare_____him.A.disappointed;disappointedatB.disappointing;disappointedaboutC.disappointing;disappointedwithD.disappointed;disappointingby4.Pleasedon’tforgethim.Heisoneof_______.A.thoseinvitedB.invitedthoseC.thoseinvitingD.invitingthoseBA3.Doyouknowthenameoftheplay__inthehallnow?A.tobeputonB.beingputonC.putonD.puttingon6.Assoonasheenteredthecity,he____.A.waslosingB.gotlosingC.grewlostD.gotlostCD5.Theroomsare____,soyoucan’tmovein.A.paintedB.paintingC.beingpaintedD.tobepainted7.________areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.HavingnotreceivedC8.Before_____,themachinemustbechecked.A.beingusedB.usingitC.beingusedtoD.usingA9.____betterattention,thevegetablescouldhavegrownbetterwiththesunshiningbrightlyintheskyand____themlight.A.Giving;givenB.Given;givenC.Giving;givingD.Given;givingD10.Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps______fromthelibrary.（2010年课标全国卷）A.toborrowB.tobeborrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing