托福专业分类词汇版

AcademicVocabulary地理学...........................................2地质学...........................................3天文学...........................................4气象学...........................................5生物学...........................................6动物学...........................................7植物学...........................................9微生物学.....................................10生态学.........................................11能源和环境.................................12数学.............................................13物理学.........................................14化学.............................................16考古学.........................................17建筑学.........................................18美术（绘画和雕塑）..................18音乐.............................................18摄影.............................................19文学.............................................19教育学.........................................20人物.............................................20地理学geography地理学geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线/经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线longitude经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔temperatelatitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤道tropic热带地区Arctic/thenorthpole北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极（南极洲）theAntarcticcontinent南极洲Antarcticcircle南极圈Aurora极光TropicofCancer北回归线TropicofCapricorn南回归线internationaldateline国际日期变更线timedifference时差expedition探险timezone时区topography地形/地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地oasis绿洲peak山峰cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区coastline海岸线watershed分水岭upperreaches上游lowerreaches下游tributary支流deposit沉积spring/fountain泉水iceberg冰山riverbed河床gulf/bay海湾waterfall瀑布reef暗礁tide潮水tropicalrainforest热带雨林island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlockedarea内陆continent大陆inlandwaterway内陆河subcontinent次大陆range山脉cliff山崖valley山谷，峡谷hillside/mountainslope山坡continentalshelf大陆架canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的/陆地的terrestrialheat(geothermal)地热terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)地磁continentaldrifttheory大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉淀物/沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frostheaving冻涨现象fieldstone卵石地质学geology地质学geologist地质学家stratum(pl:strata),layer地层stratigraphy地层学crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift(crack,split)断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石outercore外核igneousrock火成岩metamorphicrock变质岩volcanic火山岩quartz石英quartzite石英岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma/moltenlava岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金/铂silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石theNorthernHemisphere北半球glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glacialdrift冰渍volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰earthquake(quake,tremor,seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学geonomy地球学magnitude震级seismicwave地震波cataclysm灾变tidalforce/tsunami海啸meltglobalwarming全球逐渐变暖aquifer蓄水层swamp沼泽vegetation植被GreatCanyon大峡谷naturalwonder自然景观NileRiver尼罗河Coloradoriver科罗拉多河Geologicsurvey地质调查GreenwichMeanTime格林尼治时间desert沙漠coastline海岸线tributary支流volcanoeruption火山爆发天文学astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台planetarium天文馆astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天体的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestialsphere天球dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar类星体constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay)银河系starcluster星团asterism星群solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射satellite卫星planet行星comet彗星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转lunar月球的meteor流星meteorshower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石space(outerspace)太空，外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员spacesuit宇航服spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia氨corona日冕chromosphere色球photosphere光球convectionzone对流层vacuum真空absolutemagnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发射/散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪illusiveobject幻影体faint微弱的image影像gravitational吸引力molten熔化的(金属、岩石)leapyear闰年rotation自转revolution公转sunspot太阳黑子blackhole黑洞ultravioletray紫外线infraredray红外线luminosity光度lightyear光年气象学meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家meteorologicalstation气象站forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层coldfront冷锋warmairmass热气团current(气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet,moist,humid)潮湿humidity湿度moisture潮湿/水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)/(torrentialrain)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水thunder雷breeze微风sandstorm沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado(twister,catastrophe)龙卷风upperatmosphere上层大气funne