全文——某10kV变电工程设计及其概预算编制

I摘要变电所是电力系统的一个重要组成部分，由电器设备及配电网络按一定的接线方式所构成，他从电力系统取得电能，通过其变换、分配、输送与保护等功能，然后将电能安全、可靠、经济的输送到每一个用电设备的转设场所。本变电所的设计首先是要进行负荷的分析与计算，负荷分析的方法有许多，需用系数法，二项式法等等。经过分析，采用需用系数法更加的适合。接着就是无功补偿，通过公式和查阅无功补偿率的表可以求出所需的无功补偿容量。在变压器台数及容量的选择时，为了提高变电所供电的可靠性，采用的是两台型号相同的变压器，而主接线的设计，在高低压侧都采用了单母线分段接线。短路计算中最终采用了更为普遍的标么值法。对于设备的选择可分为高压侧（10kV侧）和低压侧（380V侧）两种。并根据不同的要求看是否需要进行动稳定或热稳定的校验。从而选择更适合的设备以及电缆，母线等。接下来是变压器的继电保护，对于容量小于800kVA的油浸式变压器可采用了电流速断，过电流，以及过负荷三种保护。最后就是防雷与接地的设计，常用的防雷设备有避雷针，避雷带和避雷线。最终经过分析，采用了四支避雷针作为变电所电气部分的防雷保护。[关键词]变电站、负荷、输电系统、配电系统、补偿装置IIAbstractSubstationpowersystemisanimportantcomponentoftheelectricalequipmentanddistributionbythenetworkconnectionmodeaccordingtoacertainpose,heobtainedpowerfromthepowersystem,throughitstransformation,distribution,transmissionandprotectionfunctions,andthenpowersafe,reliableandeconomicalelectricitysupplytoeachdevicetosetupplaces.Firstofall,thedesignofthesubstationisnecessarytocarryouttheanalysisandcalculationofload,theloadmethodofanalysistherearemany,needtofactormethod,binomialmethodandsoon.Theanalysisrequiredamoresuitablemethod.Reactivepowercompensationandthen,throughtheformulaandchecktherateofreactivepowercompensationcanbeobtainedformthenecessaryreactivepowercompensationcapacity.Inthenumberandcapacityofthetransformerofchoice,DalianTigerBeachinordertoimprovethereliabilityofpowersubstations,thetwomodelsusingthesametransformer,thedesignofthemainterminal,inthehighandlowpressuresidebususingasinglesub-wiring.ShortcircuitcalculationofthefinaladoptionofamoregeneralmethodSMody.Forthechoiceofequipmentcanbedividedintohigh-pressureside(10kVside)andlow-voltageside(380Vside)oftwo.Andinaccordancewiththerequirementsofdifferentactivitiestoseeiftheneedforstabilityorthermalstabilityofthecalibration.Inordertoselectmoresuitableequipmentandcables,bus,etc..Followedbythetransformerrelayprotection,thecapacityoflessthan800kVAtransformeroil-immersedcurrentspeedcanbebroken,over-current,aswellasthreetypesofoverloadprotection.Finally,isthedesignoflightningprotectionandgrounding,lightningprotectionequipmentusedalightningrod,lightningprotectionandlightningprotectionzoneline.Afterthefinalanalysis,theuseofalightningrod4DalianTigerBeachaspartoftheelectricalsubstationlightningprotection.[keywords]substation,load,transmissionsystem,correctionequipment.III目录摘要.........................................................................................................................IAbstract....................................................................................................................II第1章绪论..........................................................................................................11.1变电所的设计意义...................................................................................11.2变电所的设计要求...................................................................................11.3变电所电气部分的设计方案....................................错误!未定义书签。第2章负荷的分析与计算及无功补偿................................................................32.1负荷的分类...............................................................................................32.2负荷计算...................................................................................................32.3无功补偿的计算.......................................................................................4第3章变压器台数及容量的选择........................................................................53.1变压器的分类与联结组别.......................................................................53.2变电所主变压器容量及台数，型号的确定...........................................5第4章主接线的设计............................................................................................64.1主接线的概述...........................................................................................64.2变电所主接线的设计...............................................................................8第5章短路计算..................................................................................................115.1短路的原因，形成及危害.....................................................................115.2短路计算的方法.....................................................................................11第6章电气设备的选择及其校验......................................................................156.1高压设备的选择及校验.........................................................................156.2低压设备的选择及校验.........................................................................166.3母线及电缆的选择校验.........................................................................18第7章继电保护的设计......................................................................................207.1中性点不接地系统的单相接地保护.....................................................207.2变压器的继电保护及计算.....................................................................20第8章防雷与接地的设计..................................................................................248.1变电所防雷的设计.................................................................................248.2变电所设备接地的设计.........................................................................26IV第9章配电工程概算编制...............