中西方文化差异(英文版)

Ourtopic:Theculturedifferencebetweenchinaandwesterncountries.DifferencesSectiontwoSectionthreeEducationEatinganddrinkingLovingandmarriageChinaVsWesterncountriesSectiononeEducationSectiononeSectionthreeSectiontwoValueofeducationChinaCareaboutthereputationineducatinginthechild.Theeducation’sgoalisformakingtheirliving,forhonor.WesterncountriesEducationisjustforsurvival.Emphasize“thelearnededucation”.EducationmethodChinaEmphasizemechanical（机械的）memorizing.Ifthebookisreadhundredsoftimes,itsmeaningisshownnaturally.（书读百遍，其义自见）WesterncountriesEmphasizethechild’s“powerofunderstanding”.Seekingtheknowledgefromnatureandlife.EducationpunishmentChinaEmphasizereserve.Onecannotbecomeausefulpersonwithoutbeingbeaten.WesterncountriesUsingtheencouraginglanguage.Paygreatattentiontoindividualqualityandtheemotionalcommunication.EatinganddrinkingSectiononeSectionthreeSectiontwoThedietconceptChinaChinesefoodpaymoreattentiontocolor,aroma,taste,andshaperatherthannutrition.WesterncountriesWesternfoodisarationalconcept.Theythinkthefood’snutritionisthemostimportant.ThedietobjectChinaChina'scuisineistaste,sotheChinesecookingattheselectedmaterialsshowgreatrandomnessWesterncountriesWesternersthinkthecuisineiseat,soalargepieceofmeat-eating,wholechickensandotherhardfood.ThedietobjectChinaWesterncountriesThedietwaysChinaInChina,abanquet,nomatterwhatpurpose,onlyhaveoneformthatwelostinafogsittingaround,sharingoneseat.AndpeopleinChinausechopstickstoeatwhattheywant.WesterncountriesWestern-stylebanquets,friendshipisthecoreofthebanquet,withguestssittingnexttotheconversationbetweenthepurposeoffriendship.Theyuseknifeandforktoeatinsteadofchopsticks.LovingandmarriageSectiononeSectiontwoSectionthreeLovingattitudeChinaThepeopleinChinaholdtheideathatlovingisveryholyandtheythinklovingistheprelude（前奏）ofthemarriage.WesterncountriesThewesternpeople’sopinionaboutlovingisthat“ifwearewellacquaintedwitheachother,letusgotogether.”Andtheywillnotcontactlovingwithmarriage.MarriagewaysChinaInChinathebrideandbridegroomwouldinred,becausewebelievetheredcolorrepresentsluckyandtheweddingwouldbehostinthebridegroom’shouse.WesterncountriesInAmericanthebridealwaysinherwhiteweddinggownandtheirweddingwillbehostinachurch.MarriagewaysChinaWesterncountriesbriefsum-upAtlast,Isumuptheculturedifferencebetweenchinaandthewesterncountriesinonesentence:Chinesepeoplepayattentionto“Heaven”（天人合一）,Westernersfocuson“people-oriented”（以人为本）.Beyondthat,whatChineseandwesternculturaldifferences?除此之外，还有哪些中西方文化差异呢？TraditionalFestivals•China•Springfestival•Westerncountries•ChristmasSpringfestival•○1TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeopleandiswhenallfamilymembersgettogether,justlikeChristmasintheWest.Allpeoplelivingawayfromhomegoback,becomingthebusiesttimefortransportationsystemsofabouthalfamonthfromtheSpringFestival.Airports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees.(春节是中国人民最重要的节日，所有家庭成员聚在一起，在西方圣诞节一样。所有远离家乡的人都要回家，成为了为期半个月左右的运输系统最繁忙的时间——春运。机场，火车站和长途巴士站都挤满了回家的人。)Springfestival•○2TheSpringFestivalfallsonthe1stdayofthe1stlunarmonth,oftenonemonthlaterthantheGregoriancalendar.ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty(c.1600BC-c.1100BC)fromthepeople'ssacrificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.（春节落在正月的第一天，往往比公历晚一个月。它起源于商朝（西元1600BC-C。公元前1100年）从人民祭祀神灵和祖先，在旧的一年结束和一个新的开始。）Springfestival•○3Strictlyspeaking,theSpringFestivalstartseveryyearintheearlydaysofthe12thlunarmonthandwilllasttillthemid-1stlunarmonthofthenextyear.Ofthem,themostimportantdaysareSpringFestivalEveandthefirstthreedays.TheChinesegovernmentnowstipulatespeoplehavesevendaysofffortheChineseLunarNewYear.（严格地说，春节是指从腊月初开始一直到第二年中旬的一个月。其中，最重要的日子是除夕和一年的前三天。现在中国政府规定，人民在中国农历新年有七天的休假。）Springfestival•○4ManycustomsaccompanytheSpringFestival.Somearestillfollowedtoday,butothershaveweakened.（春节的时候有不少传统习俗。有的人至今还在保持，不过有的人已经慢慢淡化了这种习俗。）Springfestival•○5Onthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth,manyfamiliesmakelabaporridge,adeliciouskindofporridgemadewithglutinousrice,millet,seedsofJob'stears,jujubeberries,lotusseeds,beans,longanandgingko.（腊月的第8天，许多家庭做腊八粥，糯米，小米，薏苡种子，红枣浆果，莲子，豆类，龙眼，银杏制成美味的粥样。）•○6The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonthiscalledPreliminaryEve（小年）.Atthistime,peopleoffersacrificetothekitchengod.Nowhowever,mostfamiliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoythemselves.（腊月23日，被称为小年。在这个时候，人们祭祀灶神。但是现在，大多数家庭做出美味的食物来过节。）SpringfestivalSpringfestival•○7AfterthePreliminaryEve,peoplebeginpreparingforthecomingNewYear.ThisiscalledSeeingtheNewYearin.（过了小年之后，人们开始为新年做准备。这被称为“看得见的新年”。）Springfestival•○8StoreownersarebusythenaseverybodygoesouttopurchasenecessitiesfortheNewYear.Materialsnotonlyincludeedibleoil,rice,flour,chicken,duck,fishandmeat,butalsofruit,candiesandkindsofnuts.What'smore,variousdecorations,newclothesandshoesforthechildrenaswellasgiftsfortheelderly,friendsandrelatives,areallonthelistofpurchasing.（商店老板都那么忙，因为每个人都出去购买生活必需品新年。材料不仅包括食用油，大米，面粉，鸡，鸭，鱼，肉，而且水果，糖果和各种坚果。更重要的是，各种装饰，新衣服和鞋的儿童以及老人的礼物，朋友和亲戚，所有的采购清单。）Springfestival•○9BeforetheNewYearcomes,thepeoplecompletelycleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomesaswellastheirclothes,bedclothesandallt