自旋轨道耦合效应及其应用研究

308Vol．30No．820118COLLEGEPHYSICSAug．20112010－12－132011－03－162009JC011974—．211101．RashbaDressalhausO413．1A1000-0712201108-0009-0412、、、．．34．1．．．．．1．11a－ev1．1bE－vBB．B=μ0j×rr3=μ0ε0v×E1vEE=1eVrrr2V．L=r×pp=mvB=1emc21rVrL3310305H=σ·p22m4B=Δ×AAH(=σ(·p+ec))A22m5σ·Aσ·B=A·B+iσ·A×B5H(=p+ec)A22m+i2mσ(·p+ec)A(×p+ec)A66ie2mcσ[·p×A+A×p]=ie2mcσ·－iΔ×A=eh2mcσ·B=－μS·B7μSSμS=－gSμBSgSgμB=e2mcS37U=1m2c21rVrL·S=－1m2c2ΔV·S×p88ThomasHSO=－14m2c2σ·p×ΔV99．1．2．HD=cα·Π+βm0c2－eφ10α=0σσ()0β=I00－()II2×2Π=p+eAAφ．2HDHDψ=Eψ11ψ=ψ1ψ()24[σ·Π22m+V+8m2c2Δ2V－σ·Π48m3c2+4m2c2ΔV×Π·]σψ=Eψ12、、．．2RashbaDressalhaus．2．1RashbaRashbaRashba6Rashba．32DEGxyz2DEGRashbaHRHR=ασ×pz=ασxky－σykx13αRashba．2．2DressalhausVr．．Dressel-haus7811k3HDr=[βσxkxk2y－k2x+σykyk2z－k2x+σzkzk2z－k2y]14βDresselhaus．．DresselhauskDresselhausHDr=βσyky－σxkx153//FM/Q1DEG/FM2．Rashbax2HF=p2x2m*f+h0σz16HS=p2x2m*s－αRσypx+δE172//m*fm*sσii=xyz．16h0z．17RashbaδE．δ．3Laudauer－Buttiker//Gp=e2hTPσ18GPTPσσ．3Rashbaδ00．72．4eV0．3μm．3．．34Z=0．(3Z=2m*fkF)2．．．123044．//．．．1YuasaSNagahamaTSuzukiY．Spin－PolarizedReso-nantTunnelinginMagneticTunnelJunctionsJ．Sci-ence2002297234-237．2IgorZuticJaroslavFabianS．DasSarm．SpintronicsFundamentalsandapplicationsJ．ReviewsofModenPhysics200476323-410．3YangJLeiCRongCetal．Conductancepropertiesinspinfield－effecttransistorsJ．EurPhysJB200862263-266．4JunYangJunWangZ．M．Zhengetal．Quantumos-cillationsoftunnelingmagnetoresistanceinmagnetictun-neljunctionsJ．PhysRevB2005712144341-5．5．ⅠM．2000403-404．6RashbaEI．TheoryofelectricalspininjectionTunnelcontactsasasolutionoftheconductivitymismatchprob-lemJ．PhysRevB200062R16267-R16270．7DresselhausG．Spin－orbitcouplingeffectsinzincblendestructuresJ．PhysRev1955100580-586．SpinorbitcouplingeffectanditsapplicationYANGJunDAIBing-feiLIXiaDepartmentofMathematicsandPhysicsPLAUniversityofScienceandTechnologyNanjingJiangsu211101ChinaAbstractWediscussthephysicaloriginofspin－orbitcouplingandintroducetwodifferentkindsofspin－orbitcouplingeffects．Wealsostudyhowtheconductanceismanipulatedbythespin－orbitcouplinginmagnetictunnelingjunctions．Keywordsspin－orbitcouplingspinRashbaeffectDressalhauseffectmagnetictunnelingjunctions