非谓语动词的解题原则

第1页非谓语动词的解题原则原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词例1._________manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadbeentold例2._________manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.HehadbeentoldD.Thoughhehadtold解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。例2中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式例3.____________inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed第2页形式，答案为B。例4.__________,IreallybelievethatI’dprefernottomakeanychangenow.A.ConsideredallthepossibilitiesB.TakingallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationC.TakenallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationD.Givingallthepossibilities解析：把。。。考虑进来结构为takesthintoconsideration，现在take后面有宾语allthepossibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案为B。原则三、beingdone表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式tohavedone或havingdone强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前例5.__toreachthemonthephone,wesentanemailinstead.A.FailB.FailedC.TofailD.Havingfailed解析：根据句意“我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件”，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用havingdone，答案为D。例6.TimBemers-Leeisgenerallyconsidered_____theWorldWideWeb,onwhichalltheinformationissharedbyall.第3页A.tohavefoundedB.havingfoundedC.foundingD.tofound解析：根据句意，TimBemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情，而且beconsidered后面应该用动词不定式，所以应该用tohavedone，答案为A。原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用-todo，表正在进行用-ing，表示已经完成用-ed例7.Theplay_____nextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocalculture.A.producedB.beingproducedC.tobeproducedD.havingbeenproduced解析：根据本题中的时间状语nextmonth，可知theplay将要于下月被创作出来，表将来应该用todo，所以答案为C。例8.Thetrees_____inthestormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.A.beingblowndownB.blowndownC.blowingdownD.toblowdown解析：根据句意“被暴风雨刮倒的树已经从路上移走了”，树被刮倒是过去已经完成的动作，表已经完成用-ed形式，所以答案为B。原则五、介词后跟-ing形式，可以在-ing前加逻辑主第4页语例9.Thediscoveryofnewevidenceledto______________.A.thethiefhavingbeencaughtB.thethieftobecaughtC.catchthethiefD.thethiefbeingcaught解析：本题ledto中的to是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，thethief作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为D。例10.Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose解析：本题thenoiseof中的of是介词，后面应该用-ing形式，desks作-ing的逻辑主语，所以答案为C。原则六、-ing形式或todo可作主语或宾语，-ed形式则不可以例11.___________inaheavytrafficjamisquiteanunpleasantexperience.A.CaughtB.HavingcaughtC.BeingcaughtD.Tocatch解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。第5页例12___twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity.A.ExaminingB.ExaminedC.BeingexaminedD.Havingbeenexamined解析：本题中is为系动词，前面应该作主语，用-ing形式，所以答案为C。原则七、be+-ed+介词结构常可把be去掉保留-ed+介词做状语例13Michael’snewhouseislikeahugepalace,______withhisoldone.A.comparingB.comparesC.tocompareD.compared解析：“和。。。相比较”结构为becomparedwith，现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为D。例14_______withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.A.TofaceB.HavingfacedC.FacedD.Facing解析：“面对”结构为befacedwith,现在做句子的状语，所以只保留非谓语动词，把动词be去掉，答案为C。原则八、非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，和句子主语构成主谓关系时用-ing形式，构成第6页动宾关系是用-ed形式。其逻辑主语和句子主语不一致时，要在非谓语动词前加逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构例15.____twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechangedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语thepostman一致，thepostman应该是被咬，所以答案为B。例16._______inthefieldsonaMarchafternoon,hecouldfeelthewarmthofspring.A.Towalk.B.WalkingC.WalkedD.Havingwalked解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语应和句子主语he一致,he和walk应该是主动关系，所以答案为B。例17.Whilewatchingtelevision,__________.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellrings解析：根据“非谓语动词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致”的原则，watching的逻辑主语应和后面句子主语一致，所以句子主语应为“we”，答案为C。例18.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammar第7页school,theirlessons____fortheday.A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished解析：本题没有连词，所以后面应用非谓语动词，thelessons是非谓语动词的逻辑主语，和非谓语动词构成独立主格结构。根据句意应是“被完成”，所以答案为B。原则九、不定式做状语一般有两种：目的状语和出乎意料的结果状语(表示顺其自然的结果用-ing形式)。另外，某些形容词(表喜、怒、哀、乐)做表语后跟不定式可以表示原因例19._____,youneedtogiveallyouhaveandtryyourbest.奇速英语公众微信号qisuenABeingawinnerBTobeawinnerCBeawinnerDHavingbeenawinner解析：根据句意“要想成为获胜者，你要付出所有，尽最大努力”，此处表目的，所以答案为B。例20.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_______thefilmstarshadleft.A.totellB.tobetoldC.tellingD.told解析：本句句意为“记者们匆匆赶到机场，却被告知明星们已经走了”，表出乎意料的结果常常用onlytodo，所以答案为B。第8页例21.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,________inthenaturallightduringtheday.A.toletB.lettingC.letD.havinglet解析：本题句意为“玻璃门替换了木头门，自然光就进来了”，自然光进来时顺其自然的结果，所以用doing,答案为B。例22.HowgladIam___________you!A.seeingB.toseeC.sawD.havingseen解析：本题是Iamgladtoseeyou的感叹句形式，toseeyou是原因状语，答案为B。原则十、非谓语动词的否定原则是在非谓语动词前加not，有nottodo,notdoing,nothavingdone,nottohavedone几种形式例23______thathewasingreatdanger,Ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest.A.NotrealizedB.NottorealizeC.NotrealizingD.Nottohaverealized解析：本题考查doing的否定形式notdoing，答案为C。例24.Whatworriedhimmostwas______tovisithissickchild.第9页A.hisbeingnotallowedB.hisnotbeingallowedC.hisnotallowingD.havingnotbeenallowed解析：本题考查beingdone的否定形式notbeingdone;his为notbeingdone的逻辑主语，所以答案为B。例25.Sarahhasdecided________awayonholidaythissummer.A.don’tgoB.tonotgoC.notgoingD.nottogo解析：本题考查todo的否定形式nottodo,所以答案为D。