晚清报载小说广告和小说界革命的兴起与发展

(社会科学版)20104(9)JOURNALOFSOUTHCHINAAGRICULTURALUNIVERSITY(SOCIALSCIENCEEDITION)No.42010(Vo.l9):2010-07-15:教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究项目(08JJD751072):张天星(1971),男,河南省新县人,台州学院人文学院讲师,主要研究方向为明清近代文学.107,18771121!∀#∃19041029!∀19072!∀#∃张天星(台州学院人文学院,浙江临海317000):,,,,,:;;:I242:A:1672-0202(2010)04-00100-08,,,,,,,#∃[1],,,,1902818!∀14,!∀,:小说之道感人深矣泰西论文学者必以小说首屈一指,岂不以此种文体曲折透达,淋漓尽致,描人群之情状,批天地窾奥,有非寻常文家所能及者耶!%%本报宗旨,专在借小说家言,以发起国民政治思想,激励其爱国精神%%!∀,,19021114!∀,!∀88,,,:1.小说征文广告对小说界革命理论的鼓吹10,7,11,,,,,,,,%%,,!∀,,,&:,,;:,,;:,,∋(),,,,(,,,,,,,)%%,∗,,,,,+:,1895525!∀&!∀,19021114!∀1∋,1904116!∀(,1906910!∀),19071115!∀∗,1909626!∀+,1909816!∀1,,,,,,,#∃,,,#∃189556!∀!∀!∀,!∀,6000,,!∀32&1902,!∀75,90001014:&!∀,1877!∀,5000,1889!∀6000!:∀,1996,331887,!∀32!∀,1988,73,#∃[2],1909626,!∀!∀!∀,!∀#,,∃[3],2.小说销售广告对小说界革命理论的宣传#,∃[4],#∃,,,,,,&,!∀!∀:#!∀!∀,,,,∃[5],!∀:小说者,最能刺激人之脑筋而常善导人以游于他境界者也盖其变换不测,哀乐无端,使人读之而忘其现在所为之地位,不啻置身于书中而为书中之人也者小说之妙不可谓非穷尽化乎?而其尤奇者莫若侦探小说,笔端闪烁有神龙见首不见尾之观,真令读者如堕五里雾中也且独此种小说能使人性灵敏活,行事老成,又与他种小说之徒托空言而无所示记者迥有异也[6]!∀#,∃,#∃#∃∋,1903!∀:吾国小说大半托词于才子佳人,于政治上一无关系,适以牖民智而毒社会也,是书亦以巾帼须眉对照合写,然纯系国家大事,绝无吾国旧小说之俗套[7]#∃[8]#∃[9]!∀:自饮冰子小说可以改良风俗之论出,而中国一切新小说乃稍稍萌芽,他日果能浩瀚汪洋媲美泰西与否尚不可知,而新出说部要已汗牛充栋,其中尤以翻译小说为最多最著虽然欲知中国事实者,不可不读中国小说;欲知近人历史者,尤不可不读新著小说;此编乃近人遁庐主人所著之社会小说也,描摹斯文人种种状态,穷形尽相,无征不止,如禹鼎铸奸,如温犀烛102()4&∋!∀():#!∀!∀,∃!∀(),1986,127!∀,!∀!∀7,!∀!∀!∀:#,∃!∀:#,,,()∃:!∀,1902818!∀14;!∀,1902222!∀2怪,读之令人可敬可愕可笑可恨,盖败坏中国者皆此辈之过也凡吾斯文一脉尤宜各手一编,藉资借镜聊免旧习,洵改良社会之药石,故不当仅以小说观也[10],#!∀,,,∃,,#∃,,,,,,,,!∀:欧美化民,多由小说;博桑崛起,推波助澜其从事于此者,率皆名公钜卿,魁儒硕彦察天下之大势,洞人类之颐理,潜推往古,豫揣将来%%远摭泰西之良规,近挹海东之余韵,或手著,或译本,随时甄录,月出两期,藉思化夫下愚%%[11]!∀,190356!∀!∀!∀!∀,,,:本社同人慨强邻之日逼,惧大局之益危,而我国民识字不多,知时者甚少,方多含饴鼓腹,乐傲太平,闭塞之深,有为学堂教育与报章警告所不能周及者,势非小说与演戏以提醒之不可同人不揣,因议建觉社,以译著小说编演新戏,警醒社会,俾知时势之艰难而生爱国之观念为主意%%[12],1910!∀,700,:#,,,,∃[13],:慨自又明,以后商业凋残,疮痍未复,茫茫禺甸,不堪回首兹欲揭黑暗之翳障,步文明之阶级,我舞台与有责焉窃以为社会一剧场也,以剧场为社会之先导,足以增进新知识改良旧俗,泰东西重视剧场,良有以也#,,,∃[14],,,,1034:(),,!∀,,#∃,,,,1.小说征文广告规范着新小说的内容1890,#蒐书∃广告,都只是希望广告能组织更多的稿件从,1895#∃,,,,,#∃:窃以感动人心,变易风俗,莫如小说推行广速,传之不久辄能家喻户晓,气息不难为之一变今中华积弊最重大者,计有三端:一鸦片,一时文,一缠足若不设法更改,终非富强之兆兹欲请中华人士愿本国兴盛者,撰著新趣小说,合显此三事之大害,并祛各弊之妙法,立案演说,结构成编,贯穿为部,使人阅之,心为感动,力为革除1895#∃,,!∀,#,,,,,∃,#,,∃[15]1903,!∀!∀#∃,!∀#,,,∃!∀1904#:,,,∃,!∀#:,,∃,,,,2.小说征文广告引导着新小说的形式,,,,#∃,,,,#,,∃,;()#,,,∃,,104()4!∀:#!∀,,,,,∃,,!∀!∀,19041910!∀#∃105,!∀2472,,,,()#,,∃[16],19051,!∀300[17],190345,40!∀,#,,∃[18],,1911,,!∀!∀120[19],,,,,,,232!∀,,1903.5.31!∀!∀,1904.3.25!∀!∀,,,1906.12.28!∀,,1907.9.8!∀,%%,%%1907.9.8!∀,,%%,1909.9.1!∀,,,1909.12.27!∀,,,,1910.10.8!∀:,#,−∃[20]#,−,,∃[21],,#∃,1054:!∀#∃,220,136,62%!∀,!∀20042,,,;,#∃#∃[22],#∃[23],,3,,,,,,,1905.9.8!∀!∀,,1905.10.29!∀,1905.12.17!∀,,,,1907.5,22!∀,,1907.7.6!∀,,1908.7.12!∀,,1910.12.24!∀,,,#,∃[24],,,,,:[1],.[M].:,2001:9.[2].[M].:,2005:72.[3].[M].,1931:20.[4].[M].:,2004:6.[5][N].,1901-12-21,(100).[6][N].,1903-9-24.[7][N].,1903-6-18.[8].[N].,1898-12-23,(1).[9].[N].,1901-1-1,(68).[10][N].,1906-7-17.106()4[11][N].,1903-5-31.[12][N].,1909-11-4.[13][N].,1910-6-26.[14][N].,1910-6-28.[15].[M].:,1992:2.[16]..[M].,.:,1988:81.[17].,−[M].:,1996:60-61.[18].[M]/..:,1986:270.[19].[J].,2007,(4):172-180.[20].#∃[J].(),2003,(4):138-141.[21].[M].:,2003:43.[22].[N].1907,(1).[23].[N].,1907,(7).[24].[N].,1896-8-9,(1).TheNovelAdsinNewspapersandtheRiseandDevelopmentofFictionRevolutioninLateQingDynastyZHANGTianxing(SchoolofHumanities,TaizhouUniversity,Linhai317000,China)Abstract:Noveladsinnewspapersarethemainmediaforthenewfictiontoorganizeproductionandsales,theyarealsothedrivingforceoftheriseanddevelopmentofFictionRevolutioninLateQingDynasty.Newnoveladsinnewspapersadvocatetheideasoffictionrevolutionclearlyandsuccinctly,whichplaysanactiveroleinspreadingandpopularizingthenewnovelrevolutionarytheory.Theadsofcallingforpapersinnewspapersarecontractualcontrac,ttheystandardizeandguidethecontentandformofnewnovels,Thepublicityofadvertisingsalesaggravatedthefollowingsuitphenomenoninthecircleofcreationandpublication,whichplaysapromotingroleintheformationofthoughtandthecreationofprosperityforthethenewfiction.KeyWords:LateQingDynasty;noveladsinnewspapers;Fictionrevolution1074: