中医药英语

ChineseMedicalHerbsTheoriginoftheTraditionalChineseMedicineandtheDevelopmentoftheScienceofTCMDatingbacktotheancientChina,ourancestorwrittenthe“Fifty-twodiseaseparty(五十二病方）”,whichrecordingmorethan300prescriptionsand200kindsofdrugs.Besides,inthebook“RitesofZhou(周礼）”,therearesomecontentsabout“thefiveflavors,thefivecereals(rice,twokindsofmillet,wheatandbeans.)”CollectandprocessofTCM（中药的采制）•ProductionPlaceandAcquisition(采集）•Processing（炮制）•preparation（制剂）ThePerformanceoftheTCM(中药的性能）•Itcanalsocalleddrugproperties(药性）,anditmainlyconclude“fournaturesofdrugs（四气）”，“thefiveflavors(五味）”，“channeltropism[‘trəupizəm]（归经）”，“ascendinganddescending,floatingandsinking（升降浮沉）”，“toxicity（毒性）”，andetc.FourNaturesofDrugs（四气）•Itreferstothefourpropertiesofdrugs,thatis,cold,hot,warmandcool.•Itreflectsthebody’seffectofinclination(作用倾向）oftheupsanddownsofYinandYang（阴阳盛衰）andtheSemi-interiorphasechange(寒热变化）afterthedrugsactingonthebody.Inthebook“ShengNong‘sherbalclassic(神农本草经），thereisabasicprincipleintreatingColdsymptoms（真热假寒证），whichisthat“Treatthecoldwithhotmedicine,treatthehotwithcoldmedicine.（疗寒以热药，疗热以寒药）”TheFiveFlavors（五味）•Itcontainsfivebasicherbalmedicinesinaprescription（药味）—pungent，sweet,sour,bitter,andsalty.•ItcandividedintotwopartsYin:pungent，sweetYang：sour,bitter,andsaltyTheefficacities（功效）offiveflavors•Pungent：functionsofvolatilization（发散），promotingthecirculationofQi（行气），invigoratingthecirculationofblood（活血），andetc.It’salwaysusedtotreatExteriorSyndrome(表证），suchasherbaephedra（麻黄）.•Sweet:functionsoftonifying（补益），harmonizingthemiddlewarmer（和中），regulatingherbalproperty（调和药性）andalleviatingpain(缓急止痛）.Theefficacities（功效）offiveflavors（2）•Sour:hastheactionsofastringing（收敛），inducingastringency（固涩）.•Bitter:hasthefunctionsofdeprivingtheevilwetness(燥湿），dischargingthedefecation(通泄大便）.•Salt:functionsofsofteninghardnesstodissipatestagnation(软坚散结）anddefecation.AscendingandDescending,FloatingandSinking（升降浮沉）•Itreferstothedrugs’fourdifferentfunctiontrend（up,down,insideandouside)tothebody.ChannelTropism[‘trəupizəm](归经)•Itreferstothedrugs’selectivefunctiontosomepartofthebody.Thatistosay,onekindofdrughasamainorspecialtreatingfunctionforthepathologicalchanges（病变）ofsomeorgansandmeridians（脏腑器官).Toxicity（毒性）•Ithastwomeaninginhistory.Ⅰ:thebias(偏性）thatthedrughaswhenusedintreatingdiseases.Ⅱ:theadverseeffect（不良影响）andthedamagethatthedrugdotothebody.TheapplicationofTCM•Compatibilityofmedicines(配伍）：meansthatmakinguseoftwoormorethantwokindsofdrugsselectivelyaccordingtodifferentneedsanddifferentfeaturesofthepatient’scondition.•Itcanbeconcludedbysevenaspects,whichcalledthe“sevenemotions”ofthedrugs.TheCompatibilityofHerbs(sevenemotions)•①Singleapplication（单行）•②Synergism（相须）•③Mutualassistance（相使）•④Mutualinhibition（相畏）•⑤Mutualdetoxification（相杀）•⑥Mutualantagonism（相恶）•⑦Incompatibility（相反）ContraindicationinUsingHerbs(用药禁忌）⒈Incompatibility：--eighteenincompatiblemedicaments（十八反）--nineteencounteraction（十九畏）⒉Contraindicationduringpregnancy（妊娠用药禁忌）⒊DietaryTaboosduringtakingthemedicine（服药时的饮食禁忌）:Dosageandusage•Theusage:---Decoction（煎煮方法）Bedecoctedfirst（先煎）Putthemedicinenext（后下）Drugwrappedduringdecocted（包煎）…Exterior-releasingmedicine(解表药)•Itrefersacategoryofmedicinesthathavetheeffectofdispellingexternalpathogenfromtheexterioraspectofthebody,usuallyfromsweating.Wind-cold–dispersingmedicine(发散风寒药）Wind-heatdispersingmedicine（发散风热药）Wind-cold-dispersingmedicine•Example•Ginger（生姜）DrugProperties:Pungent,warm.Intheliver,stomach,spleen.Efficacy：warmingmiddleenergizerarrestvomiting(温中止呕），Exterior-releasing,anddissipatingcold(解表散寒）…Application:ⅰ）vomitingduetocoldnessinstomach（胃寒呕吐）ⅱ）coldcough（风寒咳嗽）ⅲ）commoncoldduetowind-cold（风寒感冒）Wind-heatdispersingmedicine•Example:FoliumMoriDrugProperties:sweet,bitter,cold.Inliver,lung.Efficacy：dispellingwindandheatfromthebody（疏散风热），clearingthelungandmoisteningdryness（清肺润燥），LiverEyesight（清肝明目，restraintheliverYang（平抑肝阳）Application:⑴Wind-heatexteriorsyndrome（风热表证）⑵coughwithlungheat（肺热咳嗽），coughcausedbydryness-heat（燥热咳嗽）andsoon.Heat-clearingmedicinalmaterial（清热药）•Definition：acategoryofmedicinethathavetheeffectofclearingupinternalheatincasesofexternallycontractedfebrilediseasesorfeverduetoyindeficiency.Heat-clearingandfire-clearingdrug（清热泻火）Heat-clearinganddamp-dryingdrug（清热燥湿）Clearingawayheatandtoxicmaterial（清热解毒）Removingpathogenicheatfromblooddrug（清热凉血）TherearemanycategoriesofTraditionalChineseherbsthatwecannotlearnbyoneday.Ihopeyoucanspendsometimeonit,andabsorbtheessenceoftheTraditionalChineseMedicine.