您好,欢迎访问三七文档
五种基本句讲解与训练HedyS=Subject(主语);V=Verb(谓语动词);P=Predicative(表语);O=Object(宾语);INO=IndirectObject(间接宾语);DO=DirectObject(直接宾语);OC=ObjectComplement(宾语补足语)英语五种基本句型列式如下:句型一:SV(主+谓+状语)句型二:SVP(主+系+表)句型三:SVO(主+谓+宾)句型四:SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)句型五:SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)1.S+ViE.g:Iwenttoschoolat7:00.主谓状这一结构中的动词为不及物动词,其后没有宾语,后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。go,live,die,talk,swim,stay,用以上词语造句(肯定,否定,疑问)特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词短语等作状语。Examples:go,live,die,talk,swim,stayWegotoschooleveryday.I’mlivinginChangPingDistrictnow.Myloveforyouwillneverdie.Iwanttotalkwithaforeigner.Jerrycanswimwell.Mr.GreenwillstayinChinaforayear.2.S+V系+PE.g.:Thefoodsmellsdelicious.主系表句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be,look,keep,seem等属一类,表示情况;get,grow,become,turn等属另一类,表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。look,sound,become,turn,keep,get特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词look,sound,become,turn,grow,get每个人看起来都不一样。(look)那听起来很好。(sound)我现在成了一名教师。(become)她脸红了。(turn)他现在成长得又高又壮。(grow)天色渐渐黑了。(get)3.S+Vt+OE.g.:Hehopestoflytothemoon.主谓宾1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词:want,hope,wish,wouldlike,decide,agree,ask,can‘t,wait等;2)只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词:mind,enjoy,keep,finish,can'thelp等;3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且有区别的常见动词:remember,forget,stop,goon,try4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且无区别的常见动词:begin,start,like,love,hate等。特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语。1.记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。(还未做)2.我记得关了啊。(已做过)3.哦,你忘了关灯了。(还未做)4.我忘了已经写完作业了。(已做过)Remember______thewindowbeforeyouleave.ButIremember_______it.Isee.Youforgot___________thelights.Iforgot________myhomeworkalready.tocloseclosingtoturnofffinishing1.Mary停下来去散步。(stop)2.他停止唱歌了。3.然后,他接下来去玩足球了。(goon)4.Tom继续玩电脑游戏。5.我们尽量完成任务。(try)6.我试着修理自行车。(看有无结果)Marystopped_______awalk.Hestopped________.Thenhewenton_______football.Tomwenton________computergames.Wetry_______thetask.Itried________thebike.totakesingingtoplayplayingtofinishmending4.S+Vt+Oi+OdE.g.Hegavemeapen.主谓间宾直宾1)这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后,但间宾前需加介词to(对象)或for(目的);E.gTheylentthebiketotheboy.主谓直宾间宾2)在间宾前加to的:1.昨天爸爸给我一个礼物。(give)1.Myfathergaveapresenttomeyesterday.2.LiHua给我看他的照片。(show)1.LiHuashowedhispicturestome.3.我的朋友给我一封信。(send)1.Myfriendsentalettertome.4.姐姐给我带来一件漂亮的裙子。(bring)1.Mysisterbroughtabeautifuldresstome.5.请把盐递给我。(pass)1.Passthesalttomeplease.6.他把自行车借给那个女孩了。(lend)1.Helenthisbiketothatgirl.7.以前,奶奶常给我讲故事。(tell)1.Mygrandmatoldstoriestomeinthepast.8.Tom昨天教我一首英文歌曲。(teach)1.Tomtaughtaenglishsongtomeyesterday.3)在间宾前加for的:1.他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。(make)1.Hismadeabirthdaypresentforme.2.她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。(buy)1.Herhusbandboughtabeautifulnecklaceforher.3.我们应该为残疾人做点什么。(do)1.Weshoulddosomethingforthedisabledpeople.4.我们给老人们唱歌。(sing)1.Wearesingingsongsfortheoldpeople.4)最好用S+Vt+Od+Oi结构的情况:例如:I‘llsendittoyou.直宾间宾We‘llsingsomesongsforthefriend直宾间宾fromaforeigncountry.a.当直接宾语是人称代词时:b.当直宾比间宾短时:特点:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for或to。可跟双宾语的动词4.S+Vt+Oi+Od5.S+Vt+O+C例如:Theboywishedhisfathertobuyabikeforhim.主谓宾宾补1)带to的不定式作宾补;例如:Sheaskedmetocallhimagain.很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补,这类动词有:ask,tell,want,wish,would,like,like,hate等。2)不带to的不定式作宾补;例如:Weoftenhearthegirlsingthesong.能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短语动词和使役动词如let,feel,notice,help,make,have,listento,hear,see,watch,lookat,observe.注:①如果这种结构变为被动语态,不定式就必然带to.②help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.3)分词作宾补;例如:Heheardsomebodyknockingonthewindow.现在分词作宾补表示主动,且动作正在进行,过去分词作宾补表示被动,或动作已完成,也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词:see,hear,notice,watch,feel及find,get,have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。4)名词作宾补;例如:Wemustkeepitasecret.这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使用,常见的动词有:name,call,make,elect,think,find,leave等Whathehavedonemadehimasuccessfulman.5)形容词作宾补。例如:Youshouldkeeptheroomclean.常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有:make,keep,find,want,wish,like,see,think,believe,leave等。Theinterestingstorymademehappy.leavemealoneWesawhimout.S+Vt+O+C特点:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语等同义句转换1.Itseemsthathewillgiveusatalktomorrow.He________begivingusatalktomorrow.2.IthoughtIhadn'tcoveredthebasket.Ihad_____________thebasket.3.Iftherainstops,we'llhaveapicnic.Ifit________,we'llhaveapicnic.4.Theteacherwaslistenedtobythemsingingasong.Theylistened____theteacher____asong.5.I'llasksomebodytocutmyhair.I'll____myhair____.同义句转换1.Itseemsthathewillgiveusatalktomorrow.Heseemstobegivingusatalktomorrow.2.IthoughtIhadn'tcoveredthebasket.Ihadforgottentocoverthebasket.3.Iftherainstops,we'llhaveapicnic.Ifitstopsraining,we'llhaveapicnic.4.Theteacherwaslistenedtobythemsingingasong.Theylistenedtotheteachersingasong.5.I'llasksomebodytocutmyhair.I'llhavemyhaircut.
本文标题:五种基本句型PPT
链接地址:https://www.777doc.com/doc-1494411 .html