中石化职称英语资料-简化版

-1-1例文InthepasttwoweekswehavelookedatthehappinessformuladefinedbypositivepsychologistMartinSeligman,whereH(happiness)=S(yourbiologicalsetpointforfeelinghappy)+C(theconditionsofyourlife)+V(thevoluntarychoicesyoumake).Thisweekwelookattheconditionsinlifethatcanimproveourhappinessquotient．Step1：PeaceandquietJonathonHaidtinhisexcellentbook，TheHappinessHypothesis，notesthatresearchshowsthatwecannevercompletelyadapttoneworchronicnoisepollution.Loudnoisestriggeroneofourmostprimitivefearresponses(theotheristhefearoffalling)andwecanneverfullyrelaxifwearesurroundedbyintrusivenoise.Itisessentialtohavesomepeaceandquieteveryday．Ifyouareunfortunateenoughtolivesomewherenoisy,persistwithcomplainingtoyourlocalcouncil．Additionally,trywearingwaxearplugstohavesomerespite.IfyouneedyourTV,radioormusicuploud，wearingheadphonesdemonstratesaltruismtoyourneighbours，whichwillmakeyouandthemfeelgood．Step2：RelationshipsThisisthemostimportantofalltheexternalconditionsthatcanimproveyourhappinessquotient．Oftenourdeepestsourcesofunhappinessarefoundinpoorrelationshipswithothers.Acruellyconflictualrelationshipwithapartnerorloverleavesusfeelingbetrayedandabandoned.Arelationshipwithourparentsorchildrenwhichisnotbasedoncompassionate,unconditionalregardcreatesisolationandmisery.Whenfacedwithsuchrelationships，themostpositivethingwecandoistoeithermendtherelationshipbyconfrontingwhatisgoingwrongorlearntomoveon.Step3：ShareIfyouhavediscoveredconditionsorchoicesinlifethathavesignificantlyimprovedyourwellbeing，remembertosharethemwithfriends.Passingonwhatworksisessentialtoimprovethewellbeingofourownandothers.1.What’sthehappinessformulaaccordingtothepassage?答案:TheformulareferstoH(happiness)=S(yourbiologicalsetpointforfeelinghappy)+C(theconditionsofyourlife)+V(thevoluntarychoicesyoumake).2.Whycanwenevercompletelyadapttoneworchronicnoisepollution?答案:Loudnoisestriggeroneofourmostprimitivefearresponsesandwecanneverfullyrelaxifwearesurroundedbyintrusivenoise.3.Howcouldwemakebothourselvesandtheneighborsfeelgood?答案:IfweneedourTV,radioormusicuploud,wearingheadphonesdemonstratesourkindnessandconsiderationtoourneighbors．4.Wheredoestheunhappinesscomefrom?答案:Ourunhappinessoftencomesfrompoorrelationshipswithothers．5.Whatisthepositivewaytofacewiththecruellyconflictualrelationship?答案:Whatyoucandoistoeithermendtherelationshipbyconfrontingwhatisgoingwrongorlearntomoveon.短句翻译1．吵闹的邻居的确对我们家庭不和(domesticupset)有很大影响。答案:Noisyneighborsareoneofthemajorcausesofdomesticupset．2．在职场上，如果一个同事对我们表示威吓的话，会造成难以言表的抑郁情绪(unwretchedness)。答案:AcolleagueatworkwhobulliesordismissesUScreatesuntoldwretchedness．3．我们不可能适应这种敌对关系，这种不良的人际关系会损害身心健康。答案:Wecanneverfullyadapttohostilerelationships，whichinevitablydamageourwellbeing．4．如果这种坏情绪长时间留在人们的心里，会让人陷入无法解决的恶性心理困境。答案:Ifthisbadmoodstaysinsideourmind，itwillleadUStoanunresolveddestructivedepression．5．我们不应当回避这些问题，而是要正确面对它们。答案:Weshouldnotavoidtheseproblemsbutfacetheminstead．翻译短文Therearemanybenefitstobeinghappy．Happierpeopletendtobehealthier，livelongerandearnmore.Theyalsotendtovolunteermore，bebetteratrelationshipsandsmilemoreofwhatpsychologistscall“Duchenne”orgenuinesmiles.Whatis1esswellunderstoodiswhyhappinessiscontagious.AccordingtoJamesFowlerandNicholasChristakis,authorsoftheinternationalbestsellerConnected,peoplesurroundedbymanyhappyfriends,familymembersandneighbourswhoarecentraltotheirsocialnetworkbecomesignificantlyhappierinthefuture.Morespecifically,theysaywewillbecome25percenthappierwithourlifeifafriendwholiveswithinamileofusbecomessignificantlyhappierwithhisorherlife.Similareffectsareseeninco-residentspouses(8percenthappier);siblingswholivewithinamileofeachother(14percent);andnext-doorneighbours(34percent).Whatthisimpliesisthatthemagnitudeofhappinessspreadseemstodependmoreonfrequentsocialcontact(duetophysicalproximity)thanondeepsocialconnections．Alas,forsomereasonthisdoesn’ttranslatetotheworkplace.So，whyishappinesscontagious?Onereasonmaybethathappypeoplesharetheirgoodfortunewiththeirfriendsandfamily(forexample，bybeingpragmaticallyhelpfulorfinanciallygenerous).Anotherreasoncouldbethathappypeopletendtochangetheirbehaviourforthebetterbybeingnicerorlesshostiletothoseclosetothem.Oritcouldjustbethatpositiveemotionsarehighlycontagious.幸福有许多好处。越幸福的人往往越健康、越长寿、挣的钱越多。他们通常也会从事更多的志愿工作、更善于处理人际关系、发出更多心理学家所说的“杜兴微笑”，即真诚的微笑。我们了解不深的是，为什么幸福可以传染。全球畅销书《关联》的作者詹姆斯·福勒和尼古拉斯·克里斯塔基斯发现，如果你身边那些重要的人际网络中有许多幸福的朋友、家人与邻居，那么你将也会很幸福。他们表示，更准确地说，如果居住在离你1英里内的一个朋友生活幸福感得到显著提升，你的生活幸福感就会增加25％。具有同样效果的还有同居配偶(幸福感提升8％)、居住在1英里之内的兄弟姐妹(14％)和邻居(34％)。这意味着，幸福传播的强度似乎更取决于交往的频繁度(与地域邻近相关)，而不是社会关系的深度。可惜由于某种原因，这并不适用于工作场合。那么，为什么幸福能够传染?一个原因或许是，幸福的人会与亲朋好友分享好运气(例如，提供实际的帮助，或在经济上慷慨解囊)。另一个原因可能是，幸福的人往往会改善自己的行为，会对周围的人更加友好，或减少敌意。又或许只是因为正面情绪具有高度传染性。例文：WhenI’mbeingdriventhroughacityfromourhoteltoaconferencecenter，Icouldn'thelpbutnotetheoverwhelmingpresenceofcarsandparkinglots.Theworld’scitiesareintrouble.Inhundredsofcities,thelifeofdailylifeisdeteriorating.Breathingtheairinsomecitiesisequivalenttosmokingtwopacksofcigarettesperday.Thenumberofhourscommutersspendgoingnowheresittingintraffic-congestedstreetsandhighwaysclimbshighere