新形势下加工贸易对我国经济的影响及发展对策

上海交通大学硕士学位论文新形势下加工贸易对我国经济的影响及发展对策姓名：陈菡申请学位级别：硕士专业：国际贸易学指导教师：黄国祥2006010120,2020042001WTOSWOTASTUDYOFTHEDEVELOPMENTCOUNTERMEASURESOFPROCESSINGTRADEANDITSIMPACTONCHINA’SECONOMYINTHENEWSITUATIONABSTRACTSincetheSecondWorldWar,theprocessionofeconomyglobalizationhasbecomeanirresistiblytrend,especiallyinthelatest20years. WiththedevelopmentofinternationaldivisionoflaborintheInter-industry,processingtrade,animportantmodeofinternationaltrade,hasundergoneadrasticgrowth.ProcessingtradeinitiatedinChinain1978,andgrewupgraduallytothekeyroleintheimportandexporttrade.By2004,China’sprocessingtradeaccountedfor50%ofthetotalvolumeofimportandexporttrade.ThoughthelasttwodecadeshaswitnessedrapiddevelopmentofChina’sprocessingtrade,thelaborintensiveindustryremainsthemajoritysectorinthegenerallayoutwhilethetechnologyintensiveindustryisstillminority.China’sparticipationinWTOhasdeeplyinfluencedthedirectionandthegenerallayoutoftheprocessingtradethroughouttheworld.TheopennessofdomesticmarketprovidestheforeignersmoreopportunitiestoinvestinChinaandmeanwhilebringsbenefitstoChina.Thenewlayoutwasformedinthesurgeoftheevolutionoftechnologyandeconomyglobalization.JointVenturesfromallovertheworldkeeprearrangingtheirproductionsectors,distributionchannels,supplychainmanagement,R&Dandoperatingcentersintheworld.Recently,NikeGroupdecidedtoswitchitsprocessingcenterfromChinatoVietnam.Chinahastofaceuptothenewchallenges.TheglobalizationofHi-techindustrybringsopportunitiestotheinternationaldivisionoflaborandprocessingtrade.TheSWOTanalysisshowsthatapartfromkeepingthecomparativeadvantagesinthetraditionalindustrybyinnovation,Chinashoulddevelopthehi-techindustryinordertobecometheimportantpartoftheinternationalmanufacturingchain,whichhasthecapabilityofprocessinghigh-technicalandhigh-valuedproducts.Keywords:ProcessingTrade,Hi-Tech,Opportunity,Challenge5200120680904160078197820011.1198016.720045497.3328.2201.1.1207019869“”19804.41986“”151.1.2198719951987“”“”“”80809019926101.1.31996901998TCL2001WTO200473111.21.2.11996945.760%20044500.282%2.420199613.4199620.81.4%2004281.613.519961/451/2420041/162/51-119961/152004912Fig1-1:theComparisonoftheVolumesofProcessingTrade:ForeignEnterprises,State-ownedEnterprisesandPrivateEnterprisesduring1996-200413Fig1-2:theComparisonoftheVolumesofProcessingTrade:ForeignEnterprises,State-ownedEnterprisesandPrivateEnterprisesduring1996-20041.2.2“”35%67%17%8%25%“”“”141.2.32090“”“”19921080901.2.4151.2.53.5%40%16OEMOriginalEquipmentManufacturerODMOriginalDesignManufacturerOBMOriginalBrandManufacturer---1.2.62017182.119781996199650199752.2199853.4199951.1200048.7200145.8%200248.7%200347.5%200447.6%Form2-1theComparisonoftheVolumesofImportandExportTradeandProcessingTrade19962899119451.119973251169752.219983240173053.419993607184351.120004743231048.720015098233545.820026208302148.720038512404747.5200411548549747.619020004000600080001000012000199619971998199920002001200220032004Fig2-1:theComparisonoftheVolumesofImportandExportTradeandProcessingTrade19861995738280920041154869.8GDP9020199945.39526.7367.271.6199972.919988.32902.220,,,,2.2.1708019906.27199547.681999188.781990302005212.2.22.2.3223.1(GDP)402520200469.82005,23,,,,,,,,,3.2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,24,3.32004320200510803.769411998434.7550%92005,,,,,70,,,,20%,WTO2000,29(),412,181254220058242134415.4354522.5%633711264.1 4.1.120“”14019651967“”196645.6%197981.2%197519762719781979390IT7080     1967“()”704.1.290801989-199490---2850%BATAM100%()14.1.3901991 294.1.4619997,301“”————708019991998241.521993138.341.751985“”3011/3.1/4.1/5.1/101/5——4.1.5196319493119721952103894%1979“”“”“”“”“”90IT60%199648%9 ——32123410%30%20061,0004.24.2.133IBM123 4.2.234601965“”30(1/6)198388020%“”35301965123,00019847392119708,290198412.519991124.2.3199911WTO1144.336IT80ITIT37416005.1“”“”5.23895%500199280001.8199820048%12%80%1/2043.5,392005705.340040%2080.5%600150060%45%408090%15%200220032008105090GDPGDP65%5.3.1411/35.3.2“”42SWOTSWOT6.119841988141419921993l82000200217431999“”200020012002176.1.120041000016039.4614.2%3571.3326.0%1124314.3%852.338.8%6.1.220200439.3582.75%54.87%36.9343.79%77.66%2652.06%54.68%20031.6844Fig6-1:TotalAmountofForeignCapitalActuallyUsedinGuangzhouEconomicDevelopmentZone1984-200345Form6-1:theForeignDirectInvestmentinZhejiangProvincein2004%+-%%1456066100120501420.81450000100.441139028.334438219.542100097.730774621.120010453.8250000123.1506203.52952871.450000101.216711711.515012111.317000098.325796917.720951923.1250000103.21601451114477710.6150000106.8563523.970183-19.710000056.480830.6539749.83000269.4275071.940205-31.6500005530250.24863-37.83000100.860700.4500121.43000202.3%+-%%66812810054493622.6650000102.819112928.617272710.72100009114098221.110085039.8100000141209163.11196974.820000104.68234412.37427110.98500096.910073515.17968226.4100000100.7611219.15373413.76500094429836.42575066.940000107.516110.215136.51500107.4216843.2214651255008519940.3124759.91500132.922510.3170432.11500150.146Fig6-2:theForeignDirectInvestmentinZhejiangProvincein20046-22004♦20026347,24♦20004272.922.007199915♦95110115742