贸易便利化测评体系及其对我国出口贸易影响研究

湖南大学硕士学位论文贸易便利化测评体系及其对我国出口贸易影响研究姓名：周茜申请学位级别：硕士专业：@指导教师：张亚斌20070901I“”“”yaahp482003“”IIAbstractOvertheyears,throughmultilateral,regionalandbilateralcooperationandefforts,thetradesystemofallcountriesandregionalisincreasinglyopen,theworld'saveragetarifflevelhasdroppedsignificantly,alargenumberofnon-tarifftradebarriersarereduced,theimpactbythetraditionaltariffandnon-tariffbarrierstointernationaltradeisgraduallydiminished.However,whenthetariffreductionachievedoutstandingresults,theroomforadjustmenthasbecomeincreasinglysmall.Meanwhile,thenon-tradeefficiencyasan“invisible”marketaccessbarrierisbecomingabiggerconcernforanumberofinternationalorganizations,governmentsandthetradesectors,whichurgespeopletopayagreaterattentiontoeliminatecross-bordertransactionsintheprocessofthemechanismsandtechnicalbarriersandreducetransactioncostsandthedifficultissueoftradefacilitation.Thispaperfocusesonthehotissue,basedonitsconnotationactualcharacterization,builtupacomprehensivefacilitationevaluationindexsystem,quantifyingtradefacilitationstandardswithAHPyaahpsoftware,measuredthetradefacilitationoverallscoresof48countriesincludingChina'sin2003.Thesurveyresultsshowedthatthosehighereconomicallydevelopedcountries,particularlythosehigherdevelopedintradeareonahigherleveloftradefacilitation.EuropeandtheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountriesandthefourAsiandragonsarealmostallrankingonthemostormorefacilitatedpositions.LatinAmerica,Venezuela,Africa,SouthAfricaandotherlesseconomicallydevelopedorgeographicalremotercountriesrankonthegeneralfacilitationoftradeandfacilitatethecountry.China'soveralltradefacilitationarerelativelylower,thereisstillawidegapfromhighlyfacilitatedcountries.Then,takingtheoverallscoreoftradefacilitationasanindicator,throughgravitationalmodel,thepapermadeanempiricalresearchoftherelationshipbetweentradefacilitationandChina'sexporttrade.Theresultsshowedtheleveloftradefacilitationofacountryisthemostimportantfactortoattracttheirbilateraltrade.Therefore,itisanimportantchanneltopromotethedevelopmentofChina'sforeigntradebyraisingourleveloftradefacilitation.Finally,underthistradefacilitationevaluationindexsystem,referringtothereformexperienceofthecountrieswhichhavehigheroverallscoresfromthefiveaspectsoftradefacilitation,theauthorpresentsspecificpolicyrecommendationsonIIIhowtoimproveportefficiency,standardizethetaxationenvironment,improveregulatoryenvironment,promotee-commerceandfacilitatethecommercialflow.KeyWord:TradeFacilitation;AHP;GravityModel1.1..........................................................................................73.1........................................................................173.2........................................................221□______2□“111.11.1.1[1]“”“”[2]6080%420%25%[3]WTO199720106902/3[4]GDP0.26%GDP0.14%[5]APEC102(pureeconomictheory)[6][7]CEPA1.1.2“”20061211WTO1.2“”1.2.1CGEgravitymodel31.2.1.1Cecchini19881.6%1.7%5GDP2.02.4UNCTAD(1994)710APEC200021JohnRaven20011.2.1.2CGECGEDee1988CGE5APEC2160APEC1995510APEC(1997)CGEAPEC23APEC450GDP0.26GDP0.14%APEC(1999)(ICs)(LDCs)1%2%3.3%Francois(2005)CGE1.5372015101.5%3CGE4GDPUNCTAD(2001)CGEHertel,WalmsleyItakura(2001)CGEAPEC(2002)CGEAPEC5APECGDP0.91540CommonwealthofAustralia(2002)199742312OECD2003CGE14001.2.1.3CGEMoenius(1999)198019951210.32%FreundWeinhold(2000)(PortEfficiency,CustomsEnvironment,RegulatoryEnvironment,E-business)Moenius(2000)Hummels(2001)0.5Fink,Mattoo,Neagu(2002)108Otsuki,WilsonSewadeh(2001a,2001b)10511PeterWalkenhorst2004TradeTransactionCosts,TTCTTCTsunehiroOtsukiJohnS.WilsonCatherineL.Mann(2003)Global5CompetitivenessWorldCompetitivenessYearbookKaufuaunKraayZoido-Lobaton1999portefficiencycustomsenvironmentregulatoryenvironmentsservice-sectorinfrastructures41%28%10%9%1.2.21.2.2.120022003123WTO2004200412320042005“”62005“”20051.2.2.2200420042004——200420052006200620051.2.3WTOAPECWCOOECDUNCTAD“”FDIAPEC71.3yaahp48200348EVIEWS1.1yaahp4820031.4182,yaahp4892“”2.1“”(2.1)“”“”ChoongYongAhn,TradeandInvestmentLiberalizationandFacilitationReport2002,APECEconomicCommittee,Seoul,2001.102.1APEC(1999)WTOUNCTAD2001“”OECD2001UN/ECE2002APEC2002JohnS.Wilsontradefacilitationandeconomicdevelopment232.2“”1923205011WTOAPEC()WCOWTOAPEC2.2.1WCOCCCWCO19501215“”1973519836HS“”“911”20046200564122.2.2WTO1996199612WTO“”WTO(CTG)“WTO”WTOCTG1998320011120047WTO1947GATT.[M].2005111330-33113WTO20041115WTOWTO200412WTO2005279WTOWTOWTO2.2.3APEC19891996APEC1997APECAPEC19992001APEC2002APEC“APEC”20065%2003(CTI)APECAPEC2004314APEC2.2APEC2.2APEC“”APECAPEC“APEC”APECAPECAPECAPECAPEC()200220022402541533.13.1.11234455163.1.2JohnS.Wilson,CatherineL.Mann——27(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)GCRWCY1617C11110WCYC1217GCRB1C1317GCRC2117GCRCPIC22110B2C2317GCRC31110WCYC3217GCRC3317GCRC3417GCRB3C3517GCRC4117GCRC42110WCYB4C43110WCYAPECC5101APECTFIB5C52110WCY3.13.1.33.1.3.1WCYGCR1WCY1102GCR173GCR173.1.3.218GCR1GCR172CPI“”TransparencyInternationalTI1995CPI“”“”“”“”CPI101008.010.05.08.02.55.002.53GCR173.1.3.35WCYGCR1WCY1102GCR173GCR174GCR17195GCR173.1.3.43GCRWCY11102WCY1103WCY1103.1.3.5APECWCY1APECAPECAPECAPE