商务英语复习资料DOC

UnitOneⅠ.英译汉：1.tradingbloc贸易集团2.importshare进口额度3.productionanddistributionsharing合作生产和分配共享4.globalreorientation全球性的重新定位5.conductinternationalbusiness从事国际商务6.insurancecompany保险公司7.provideforefficienttransportation提供便利交通8.forgeanetworkofgloballinkages形成全球网络（联网）9.internationalinvestment国际投资10.useandacceptanceofthecommoncoinage采用和接纳同一货币制度Ⅱ.汉译英1.贸易惯例businesspractice2.石油危机oilshock3.市场份额marketshare4.完成交易carryouttransaction5.以市场为基础的商业交易marketbasedbusinesstransaction6.跨国公司multinationalcorporation7.国际贸易量volumeofinternationaltrade8.主要经济大国majoreconomicpowers9.提高生活水平improvethestandardsofliving10.股票市场stockmarket11.年销售额annualsales12.国内生产总值grossdomesticproductUnitTwoⅠ.英译汉1.patternsofworldtrade世界贸易格局2.bulkyorperishablegoods大件货物或易腐烂商品3.aheavyconsumerofnaturalresources自然资源的主要消费者4.anelitegroupofmerchantsandentrepreneurs商业和企业家的精英群体5.outlawstripminingofcoal立法禁止采矿6.resistforeigninvestmentinone'sindustry抵制外国在某国工业方面的投资7.undertakestepstolimitoilconsumption采取措施限制石油消费8.imposetariffsandquotasonimporteditems采取对进口商品征收关税和实行配额9.InternationalBauxiteAssociation(IBA)国际铝矿协会10.OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)石油输出国组织Ⅱ.汉译英1.初级产品primarycommodities2.价格下跌pricedrop3.劳动成本laborcosts4.生产国和消费国producingandconsumingnations5.粮食主要出口商dominantexportersofgrains6.国际收支balanceofpayments7.第三方athirdparty8.批量生产mass-produce9.比较成本理论theoryofcomparativeadvantage10.金属含量metalcontent11.期货交割futuresdelivery12.商品期货交易commodityfuturestrading13.采取保护主义措施takeprotectionistmeasures14.消费国consumingcountries15.运输费用transportationexpenses16.减缓对石油的依赖lessenone’sdependenceonoil17.炸糖加工设备sugarprocessingfacilities18.外汇foreignexchangeⅢ.短文翻译ThetheoryofinternationaltradehaschangeddrasticallyfromthatfirstputforwardbyAdamSmith.TheclassicaltheoriesofAdamSmithandDavidRicardofocusedontheabilitiesofcountriestoproducegoodsmorecheaplythanothercountries.Theearliestproductionandtradetheoriessawlaborasthemajorfactorexpensethatwentintoanyproduct.Ifacountrycouldpaythatlaborless,andifthatlaborcouldproducemorephysicallythanlaborinothercountries,thecountrymightobtainanabsoluteorcomparativeadvantageintrade.国际贸易理论自从亚当史密斯第一次提出后就发生了很大的变化。亚当和大卫的传统理论强调了国家所具有的比其他国家便宜生产商品的能力，最早的生产贸易理论把劳动力视为获得产品的主要支出因素。如果某个国家可以支付较少的劳动力费用。同时在体力劳动中比其他国家生产的多的话，这个国家就可能在贸易当中获得绝对和相对的优势。Subsequenttheoreticaldevelopmentledtoamoredetailedunderstandingofproductionanditscosts.Factorsofproductionarenowbelievedtoincludelabor(skilledandunskilled),capital,naturalresources,andotherpotentiallysignificantcommoditiesthataredifficulttoreproduceorreplace,suchasenergy.Technology,onceassumedtobethesameacrossallcountries,isnowseenasoneofthepremierdrivingforcesindeterminingwhoholdsthecompetitiveedgeoradvantage.Internationaltradeisnowseenasacomplexcombinationofthousandsofproducts,technologies,andfirmsthatareconstantlyinnovatingtokeepupwithorgetaheadofthecompetition.Moderntradetheoryhaslookedbeyondproductioncosttoanalyzehowthedemandsofthemarketplacealterwhotradeswithwhomandwhichfirmssurvivedomesticallyandinternationally.Theabilitiesoffirmstoadapttoforeignmarkets,bothinthedemandsandthecompetitorsthatformtheforeignmarkets,haverequiredmuchofinternationaltradeandinvestmenttheorytosearchoutnewandinnovativeapproachestowhatdeterminessuccessandfailure.Finally,asworldeconomiesgrewandthemagnitudeofworldtradeincreased,thesimplisticidealsthatguidedinternationaltradeandinvestmenttheoryhavehadtogrowwiththem.Thechoicesthatmanyfirmsfacetodayrequirethemtodirectlymovetheircapital,technology,andknow-howtocountriesthatpossessotheruniquefactorsormarketadvantagesthatwillhelpthefirmkeeppacewithmarketdemands.UnitThreeⅠ.英译汉1.corporationbond公司债券2.closecolumn收盘汇率栏3.crossdeal套汇交易4.enterintoacontract签订合同5.foreignexchangecommunity外汇界6.twosetsofquotations两组标价7.postsavingscertificate邮政储蓄凭证8.inawrittenlegalform用书面的法律形式9.anunwrittencodeofconduct为成文行为准则10.handlesth.inaninformalmanner用非正规方式处理某事11.thebanknominatedbythepurchaser买方指定的银行12.applytheindirectquotationsystem采用间接标价法13.makepaymentupondelivery交货付款14.InternationalMonetaryMarket(IMM)国际货币市场Ⅱ.汉译英1.短期国库券treasurybill2.外汇交易日foreignexchangedealers3.外汇汇率foreignexchangerate4货币主管当局monetaryauthorities5.签定合同makeacontract6.套汇汇率crossrate7.政府债券governmentalbond8.起息日valuedate9.电汇汇率telegraphictransferrate10.立即交货immediatedelivery11.直接标价法directquotationsystem12.期货市场futuresmarket13.波动汇率fluctuateexchangerate14.外国证券foreignsecurityⅢ.短文翻译Theexchangeofcurrencyisnecessaryforinternationaltradeandcommerce.Thepurposeofexchangeratesystemsistoprovideafreeandliquidmarketfortheworld'scurrencieswhileprovidingsomedegreeofstabilityandpredictabilitytocurrencyvalues.Themodernhistoryoftheinternationalmonetarysystemhasseenperiodsofsuccessandfailureintheaccomplishmentsofthispurpose.Thegoldstandard,whichwasinwideuseduringtheearlyyearsofthetwentiethcentury,wasahighlyrestrictivesystem.Theabilitytoconvertcurrencytogoldimposedrestrictionsontheabilityofcountriestoruninflationarymonetarypoliciesorconductimbalancedtradeforsubstantialperiodsoftime.Butthegoldstandardwasalsoinflexible,andmanyhavearguedthatitslowedeconomicgrowthundulybylimitingtheamountofmoneythatcouldbeputintogrowin