门诊、急诊药房窗口服务的优化方法

[]02582879X(2000)10209832041,1,1,2,2,3[]::,:(1);(2);(3)74sö,48sö,;(4):,[];;;[]R952[]AOptimizationofserviceinOutpatientPharmacyandEmergencyPharmacybyoperationalresearchanddatastatisticsCAIZhen1,YANGZhang2Wei1,HUJin2Hong1,GEHai2Yi2,SUHua2,TONGHua3(1.DepartmentofPharmacy,ChanghaiHospital,SecondMilitaryMedicalUniversity,Shanghai200433,China;2.Grade1996,CollegeofPharmacy;3.Grade1995,CollegeofPharmacy)[ABSTRACT]Objective:ToinvestigatetheactualitiesofserviceinOutpatientPharmacyandEmergencyPharmacy.Meth2ods:Withqueuingtheoryofoperationalresearchanddatastatistics,thespecialitiesandvaritiesofserviceinbothPharmacieswereinvestigatedbeforeandaftertheapplicationofcomputernetwork.Results:(1)ThedistributionofthepatientsnumberarrivingthePharmacieswasunequal.(2)Thetimeofservicewasextendedafterusingnetwork.(3)TheaverageindividualtimeofserviceinEmergencyPharmacywas74s,and48sinOutpatientPharmacy.ThereasonsfortheaverageindividualtimeofserviceinEmergencyPharmacymorethanthatinOutpatientPharmacywasrelatedtotheformulationofdrugsin2pharmaciesandthenumberofdrugsonprescriptions.(4)ThenumberofwindowsforserviceshouldbeincreasedinEmergen2cyPharmacyafterusingnetwork.Conclusion:Operationalresearchanddatastatisticswillprovidethedataassistingtheman2agerinmakingdecisions.[KEYWORDS]pharmacies;queuingtheory;datastatistics;computernetwork[AcadJSecMilMedUniv,2000,21(10):9832986]a,,4000,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,,,,[1],389AcadJSecMilMedUniv2000Oct;21(10)a[]1.,200433;2.1996;3.1995.[](19622),(),,.©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,1[2],,,,,,1Fig1Modelofqueuingtheoryinclinics,64195834,10147,1,,22.12.1.1(2),,8:0010:00,14:0016:00,19:0020:003,9:00,8:0010:0077öh,90öh;65öh;56öhPearson(r=0.892,P0.01),(1),2.1.2,,,3(587)sö,(749)sö,t(P0.01),,2Fig2NumberofpatientsatvarioustimeperiodinEmergencyPharmacybeforeandafterusingnetwork:Beforeusingnetwork;:Afterusingnetwork3,,8:009:0081sö,15:0016:0092sö;13:0014:0063sö,8:0015:00,,(2);,,,3Fig3ChangesofaveragetimeofserviceforpatientsinEmergencyPharmacybeforeandafterusingnetwork:Beforeusingnetwork;:Afterusingnetwork2.1.348sö,74sö,(P0.01),,,(1),,,;489200010,21©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,(2),,,110Tab1Top10drugformulationsfrequentlyusedinOutpatientandEmergencyPharmaciesNumberOutpatientPharmacyFormulationFrequency(%)EmergencyPharmacyFormulationFrequency(%)1Compressed35.7Solutionfor35.8tabletsinjection2Hardcapsules11.8Infusion33.4solution3Creams9.2Powerfor12.6injection4Coated8.1Compressed6.2tabletstablets5Topical7.5Suppository2.4solution6Eyedrops3.2Hardcapsules1.77Solutionfor3.1Coatedtablets1.3injection8Suppository2.5Mixtures1.39Granules2.3Syrups1.110Mixtures2.1Granules1.02Tab2ResultsofsamplestatisticsofprescriptioninOutpatientandEmergencyPharmaciesPharmacyAmountofmoneyperprescription(yuan)SpeicesperprescriptionOutpatientAverage50.201.84Maximum2388.0615.00Minimum0.051.00EmergencyAverage106.333.81Maximum4173.5143.00Minimum0.051.00,2.2,,,,8:0012:00,,3,,,,;,,(72öh)(48.65öh),,,,(36.00öh)(48.56öh),0.55,5min0.358:0010:00,14:0016:00,,3,,2,3,,3,3,,3Tab3IndexesofEmergencyPharmacyopeningsingleor2windowsbeforeandafterusingnetworkIndexBeforeusingnetworkSinglewindowTwowindowsAfterusingnetworkSinglewindowTwowindowsAveragefrequencyofarrival(patientöh)46.9423.4772.0036.00Averagefrequencyofservice(patientöh)56.1048.6548.6548.65Strengthofservice0.840.421.480.74Idleprobability0.160.580.26Probabilityofpatientinqueue(n2)0.710.100.55Numberofpatientinqueue(expectedvalue)4.300.182.84Waitingtimeinqueue(expectedvalue,tömin)6.550.463.51Probabilityofpatientwaitingforover5min0.470.120.3558910.,.©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.3,,,,,,,,,,[3];,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,[][1].[M].:,1987.34237.[2].()[M].:,1990.311.[3].[M].:,2000.1572158.[]2000206227[]2000209228[]Z,,ZÍLeiden(FÍLeiden),,2,199941,,Z2070KZ,,,ZFÍLeiden,Z,ZFÍLeiden,,Z,,6,,,Z,ZFÒ,Z,FÒZ,,,689200010,21©1995-2005TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.