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Gift-givingVariesAmongDifferentCulturesGiftgivingisabigpartofanyculture.NomatterinWesterncountriesorinEasterncountries,peopleallpayattentiontogiftgivingandgiftreceiving.Theyallbelieveetiquetterequiresreciprocity(互惠互助互换)andexchangeofgiftscanleaveadeepimpressiononeachotherandrenewfriendship.Differencesofgift-givingandgiftreceivinginWesterncultureandChineseculture!InChinaGIFTGIVINGAsforChinese,weoftenpayattentiontothegiftofusevaluebutnotthememorableorspecialmeaning.Therefore,Chineseusuallychoosesomethingexpensiveasagift.What’smore,themoreexpensivethegiftis,theclosertherelationshipbetweenthegiverandthereceiveris.Thegiftisofferedusingbothhandsandmustbegift-wrapped(包装).•InChineseNewYear,Moneywillbegiveninaredenvelope.•Itisusuallyusinganevennumberofnewbills.Taboos(禁忌)inChina•Donotgiveclocksasgifts.ThewordforclockinChineseissimilartothewordfordeath.Itisimpolite.•Colorssuchaswhite,blueorblackareassociatedwithfunerals(葬礼).Donotwrapgiftsinthesecolors.Red,yellowandpinkareseenasjoyfulcolors,whicharemoreacceptableforgiftwrap.GIFTRECEIVING•Chinesetraditiondictatesthatapersonshouldnotappeargreedy,sotherecipientwillrefusethepresentwhenfirstoffered.•Thegivershouldpolitelycontinuetoofferthegiftuntilltheoppositesideacceptit.•Iftherecipientdidnotopenyourgift,itdoesnotmeanthatheorsheisnotinterestedinit.•Wealwaysopenthegiftafterthegiverhasleft.Nomatterwhetherwelikeitornot,wealwayssayIlikeitverymuch.•Sharpobjectsarenotsuitablesuchasknives,letteropeners(拆信刀),orscissorswhichimplytheseveranceofarelationship.•Donotbrag(吹嘘,自夸)aboutyourgiftinfrontoftherecipient.Westerncustomofgiftgiving西方送礼习俗AmericaSmallgiftssuchaspens,businessdiaries,andmementos(纪念品)withcompanylogos(商标)areusuallysufficient.InAmerica,lavish(浪费的),extravagant(奢侈的)giftsaredefinitelyout.Anappropriatealternativetoagiftistotakethedeservingpersontodinner,ortoanentertainmentorsportingevent.在美国,赠送贵重的礼物是行不通的,比较合适的礼物是带上你要感谢的朋友去赴宴或参加娱乐体育活动。Whenvisitingthehome,itisnormallyappropriatetopresentagifttothehostess.Agiftcanbesomethingsmallbutelaborate(精心制作的)forapersonwithwhomyouareclose.•Itisimportanttoavoidhighlypersonalgifts.Giftsarenormallyopenedwhenreceived.InAustralia澳大利亚•Australiaisknownforitsfriendlyinformalityandlackofpretence.Somodestgifts,suchasabusinessdiary,apaperweight(镇纸),oracoffeemugmightbepresentedasamemento(纪念品)ofavisitofbusinessmeeting.•Atatradeshow,T-shirts,ties,baseballcaps,orapinmaybeappropriatemementos.Anythingmorethanthesetypesofgiftscouldcauseembarrassment.•澳大利亚以其友好,不拘礼节及坦诚而闻名,所以在参加商务会议时,送上一个商用记事本、镇纸或一个咖啡杯再合适不过了。在商业展览上,赠送T恤衫、领带、棒球帽或者一个大头针最合适做纪念品了。若送比这些东西贵重的礼品反而会致人尴尬。InGermany德国•AWestVirginiaexecutive,visitingGermanyforthefirsttime,wasinvitedtothehomeofhislargestcustomer.Hedecidedtobegallantandbringhishostessabouquetofflowers.Heselectedadozenredroses.•一位西弗吉尼亚主管第一次去德国,其最大的客户邀请他上门拜访。他想献殷勤,于是给女主人带了一束鲜花,选的是一打红玫瑰。•Oh!Terriblemistake!Socialgiftgivingispopularandwell-establishedinGermanybuthascertaindo'sanddon'ts.•噢!这个错可犯大了!交际中送礼在德国早已司空见惯,为世人所接受。不过什么可送什么不可送可是大有学问的。•Flowersareoftentakentoahostessofadinnerpartyatherhome,buttherearethreetaboos(禁忌)toremember:First,redrosessignifyaromanticinterest;Second,danevennumberofflowerssignifiesbadluck,asdoesthenumberthirteen,andLast,alwaysunwraptheflowersbeforepresentingthem.ThisWestVirginiawasmakingwhatamountedtoapassathiscustomer'swife.•如果晚宴设在女主人家中,常见的就是给她送花。不过有三个禁忌一定得记住:(1)红玫瑰象征着心仪对方;(2)偶数鲜花寓意着倒霉,13朵也是如此;(3)献花之前不要包装。这个西弗吉尼亚人送红玫瑰让人以为他对客户的妻子有意思呢!•WhenvisitingaGermanhome,giftsthatreflectyourhomecountryarepopular,andyoumightwanttobringsmallgiftsforthechildrenofthefamilyyouarevisiting.•登门拜访德国人时,带上能反映你祖国特色的礼物将大受欢迎!也可以给主人家的孩子带上点小礼物。•GiftsarecustomarilywrappedandmanyGermansspendconsiderabletimedesigningelegantwrappings.Mostshopsoffergift-wrappingservices,too.•礼物一般得包装,很多德国人会花上一定的时间设计个优雅的包装。大多数商店也会提供包装服务。InItaly意大利•Whenyouareinvitedtoaperson'shomefordinner,itmightbenicetobringflowersoraboxofchocolatesforyourhostess,althoughitisjustasconsideratetohavetheflowerssentthenextday.•Yellowrosescansignify“jealousy.”AndinItalyneversendchrysanthemums,sincetheysuggestdeath.•当你受邀至某户人家共进晚餐时,为女主人带上几束花或者一盒巧克力就可以啦,不过当然你要是第二天再送花的话,也可算是考虑周到了。•黄玫瑰寓意着“嫉妒”。在意大利人们从来不送菊花,因为这暗示死亡。东西方文化的差异分析•首先是礼品观念上的差异。中国人往往注重礼品的实质意义,即它的实用价值,而不喜欢中看不中用的东西。这主要是因为几千年来中国一直被人口压力所困扰,资源匮乏,社会生产力一直在低水平上循环,因此,我们尤其注重物质生活,注重物质的实用性。而西方人往往注重礼品的纪念价值。确切地讲,中国人送的是礼品,而西方人送的是纪念品。应邀去西方人家做客,可以给女主人送一束鲜花,给男主人送一瓶葡萄酒。•其次,中西方文化在送礼的目的上也显露出不小的差异。中国人送礼,往往目的性很强。中国人的礼,常常是在请求别人帮助前送出去的。过去,到某人家里提着几瓶酒,一定是有事相求。找别人帮忙时,礼物有时会提前送,为的是事情办得更顺利一些。而西方人注重的是送礼这一行为,以及礼物的象征意义。他们的礼物一般都不贵,而且一般是在得到帮助之后送,以表达诚恳的谢意。•此外,在接受礼物时,中国人和西方人的反应截然不同。在中国,人们接受礼物时往往并不喜形于色,且不当面打开礼品,认为这样做非常不礼貌,而且会给人留下“贪财”、“贪婪”的印象,或让人感到对所接受的礼物过分在意。往往是在客人离开后,或回到家后悄悄打开礼品。•而在西方,人们在接受礼物时,想到的首先是感谢。因此,为了表示谢意,他们往往会当面小心地打开礼物,大呼小叫地称赞一番,激动时还拥抱你一下,与你同时分享快乐Thankyou!^_
本文标题:chapter-14-cultural-issues-中西方送礼文化差异Gift-giving-et
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