状语从句(基础版)

状语从句=副词从句重点:1）连词(引导词)2）时间状语从句状语从句表示时间、地点、原因、目的…Wesleepathomeatnight.必须是句子；必须有连接词；必须是陈述句状语时用来修饰词，词，词或的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时——状语从句。动形容副句子状语从句分类•状语从句可以分为：•1-时间状语从句、2-地点状语从句、3-原因状语从句、4-结果状语从句、5-条件状语从句,6-目的状语从句、7-让步状语从句,8-方式状语从句.1、时间状语从句时间状语引导词可分为whenwhileaswheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonas(一…就…)everytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantly(立刻)immediately(立刻)directly(一…就…)•区分：when/while/aswhenwhileas1.当….的时候2.这时,正在这时1.当…的时候(从句的谓语必须是延续性动词）2.而,然而(强调两者对比）1.一边….一边….2.随着….when:持续性／非持续性动词＊当……时＊正在……忽然e.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher.---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.1)Theywerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.while:持续性动词／进行时e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.—Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?as：“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”。（强调动作的同时性）1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Ashewasspeaking,therewasaloudexplosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“随着…..”.Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.whenever•表：每当…•Wheneverweareintrouble,hewillcometohelpus.•Wheneveryousay“I’msorry”,lookthepersonrightintheeyes.•Smilewheneveryoupickupthephone.before◆before:“在……之前”，Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.after◆after:“在……之后”，Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.since引导的时间状语从句◆since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersincewebrokeup.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.until/till引导的时间状语从句◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式，表“直到…为止。”例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来为止。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。not…until…“直到……才……”Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。assoonas引导的时间状语从句◆assoonas:“一…就…”，例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.2、地点状语从句连接副词:where,wherever(在任何地方)e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.c.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.d.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark___themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich3、原因状语从句常用的连接词：because,as（因为）,since（既然）,nowthat（既然）,for,consideringthat（考虑到）,seeingthat（既然）（语气上一个比一个弱）e.g.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。because,since,as,for的区别:because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．回答why的问题。since–通常放句首．译为“既然”as–不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。for–放句中，引导后半句表原因,或补充推断的理由。1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_________Ilikedit.2.You’dbetterwearstrongshoes_____we’lldoalotofwalking.3.____hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.4.______everybodyknowaboutit,Idon’twanttotalkanymore.5.Hemustbeill,____heisabsentToday.6.Somepeoplebelievethat______oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.becauseasAsSinceforsince4、条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。通常用一般现在时表示将来。从属连词：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),onconditionthat(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)(如果)等。We’llcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.A.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless3.____youhavetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When____youtouchanEnglishperson,youshouldsay“sorry”._____theyaredirty,certainseasarenotabletocleanthemselves.__________wedon’tloseheart,we’llfindawaytoovercomethedifficulty.Youcanbeallowedtoplaythegame___________youfinishyourhomeworkfirst.Don’ttouchanything______yourteachertellsyouto.IfOnceAslongasonconditionthatunless5、让步状语从句常用引导词：1.though=although（虽然）,evenif=eventhough（即使）2.无论…:1)nomatter+疑问词:what/who/where/when/which/how2)疑问词-ever:whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whichever特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，whether…or…,whether(…)ornotthough,although◆判断以下句子是否正确：Althoughheisrich,butheisnothappy.Althoughheisrich,yetheisnothappy.Althoughwehavegrownup,ourparentsstilltreatusaschildren.◆要点归纳：though,although当“虽然”讲,都不能和but连用.但是他们都可以同yet(still)连用.everif,eventhoughevenif和eventhough表示“”即使We’llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.As引导让步状语从句as引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的、、以及谓语中的提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需。表语状语实意动词省略Thoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardas/thoughheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.Thoughhewasachild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Thoughyoumayobject,I’llgo.Objectasyoumay,I’llgo.whether…or…,whether(…)ornotwhether…or…,whether…ornot表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”。其引导的从句旨在说明正反两方面的可能性都不会影响主句的意向或结果。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.You’llhavetoattendthepartywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比though/although弱。其引导的从句一般位于。句首例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。WhileIlikeitscolor,Idon’tlikeit