导学案B4-M6-Unexpected-Mysteries-of-the-Natural-World

Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNaturalWorldWordStudy1.frighteningadj.吓人的→frightenedadj.害怕的→frightenvt.使害怕→frightn．害怕2.existvi.存在→existencen．存在3.mysteriousadj.神秘的→mysteryn．神秘4.destructionn．毁坏→destroyv．毁坏；摧毁→destructiveadj.毁灭性的；破坏性的5.indicatevt.象征；暗示→indicationn．象征；迹象6.identityn．身份；特征→identifyv．确定；辨别7.fortunen．运气；命运；财富→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地8.sharpadj.锋利的；剪的→sharpenv．使锋利9.adaptv.适应；改编→adaptableadj.适应性强的→adaptationn.改编；适应10.disappearv.不见，消失→appearv.出现→disappearancen.不见，消失→appearancen.出现；外表11.extinctadj.绝种的，消亡的→extinctionn.绝种，灭亡12.generousadj.大方的→generosityn.大方1.frighteningadj.吓人的→__________adj.害怕的→__________vt.使害怕→_____________n．害怕2.existvi.存在→_____________n．存在3.mysteriousadj.神秘的→____________n．神秘4.destructionn．毁坏→___________v．毁坏；摧毁→____________adj.毁灭性的；破坏性的5.indicatevt.象征；暗示→____________n．象征；迹象6.identityn．身份；特征→____________v．确定；辨别7.fortunen．运气；命运；财富→_____________adj.幸运的→___________adv.幸运地8.sharpadj.锋利的；剪的→_______________v．使锋利9.adaptv.适应；改编→_________________adj.适应性强的→__________n.改编；适应10.disappearv.不见，消失→_________v.出现→____________n.不见，消失→___________n.出现；外表11.extinctadj.绝种的，消亡的→_____________n.绝种，灭亡12.generousadj.大方的→________________n.大方frightenedfrightenfrightfrightenedmysterydestroydestructiveindicationidentifyfortunatefortunatelysharpenadaptableadaptationappeardisappearanceappearanceextinctiongenerosity1．attackvt.袭击；攻击；抨击；(疾病)侵袭n.攻击；进攻；抨击；病情发作[教材原句]Itoftengetsangryandwillattackanyonewhogoesclosetoit.它会经常发怒并会袭击要接近它的任何人。(1)attacksb.forsth.由于某事而责难某人attacksb.withsth.用某物攻击某人beattackedwithadisease患病(2)launch/makeanattackon/upon...对……发动进攻underattack受到攻击①Thedoggotangryandmadeanattackthenaughtyboy.这只狗发怒了，袭击了这个调皮的小男孩。②Thegovernmenthascomefornotdoingenoughtodealwithterrorism.政府由于在反恐方面没有做出足够的努力而受到攻击。on/uponunderattack[高考佳句]“Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesecafeswouldn'texist,”shesays.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)她说，“如果人们有正常的生活，这些咖啡馆就不会存在。”(1)existin存在于existon＝liveon靠……生存；靠……生活Thereexist(s)...有……(2)existencen.存在；生存；生活inexistence现存的；存在的comeintoexistence/being开始存在2．existvi.存在；生存；生活；继续存在①IcanhardlythewageI'mgetting;thereisnomoneyforluxuries.我靠我挣的工资简直难以生存，根本没钱买奢侈品。②Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirst.关于一开始宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有多种论说。③Hergreatnessherdeepunderstandingofhumannature.她的伟大之处在于她对人性的深刻了解。existoncameintoexistenceexistsin3．calmadj.平静的；镇静的v.使平静；镇定下来n．平静，宁静[高考佳句]Inmyopinion,suchwonderfulthingswillcalmyoudowneasilyandgiveyouthecouragetomoveon.(2014·安徽高考满分作文)依我来看，这样美好的东西很容易让你平静下来，给你继续前进的勇气。(1)calmoneself(使)自己平静下来calmdown(使)平静，镇静(2)keepcalm保持冷静①Shewasbreathingquicklyandtriedtocalm.她呼吸急促，尽力让自己平静下来。②Inthisstate,thebabyisdifficulttoandsleepisimpossible.在这种状态下，婴儿很难安静下来，睡觉是不可能的。herselfcalmdown[辨析比较]calm,quiet,silent,stillcalm平静的；沉着的。指风平浪静或人的情绪平静、镇静quiet宁静的；安静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼silent寂静的；沉默的。指不说话或没有声音still静止的；不动的。指人或物体静止不动选择上述单词填空③Whenfacingdanger,oneshouldkeep;whentakenphotos,oneshouldkeep;whensomeoneelseisasleep,oneshouldkeep;wheninclass,oneshouldn'tkeepabouttheteacher'squestions.calmstillquietsilent[教材原句]Ifyoucanadapttosomething,youcanchangeinordertomakethesituationbetter.如果你能够适应某物，为了使情况更好一些你可以改变。(1)adaptoneselfto使自己适应adaptto适应adapt...from...根据……改写/改编……adapt...for...改(编)……为……之用(2)adaptableadj.能适应的；可修改的adaptationn.适应；改编；改写本4．adaptv．(使)适应；(使)适合；改编；改写①Toallofyou,freshstudents,howtoadaptyourselves___thenewenvironmentisthefirstthingthatyouhavetoface.(2014·江西高考满分作文)新同学们，对你们大家来说，如何使自己适应新环境是你们首先要面对的事情。②Thematerialscanusebyolderchildren.这些材料改一下可以给大一点的孩子用。[名师指津]adopt与adapt词形相近，但adopt意为“采纳；采用；收养”。tobeadaptedfor[单词集成训练]Ⅰ.基础点全练(用所给词的适当形式填空/完成句子)1．Itwasavery(frighten)experienceandtheywereverycourageous.2．Thereisworldwideconcernaboutthe__________(destroy)oftherainforests.3．Thereissomething___________(mystery)aboutthechildhoodofthisfamouswriter.4．Awarningsignalsuddenlyappearedonthescreen,__________(indicate)thecomputerwasbeingattackedbyacertainvirus.frighteningdestructionmysteriousindicating5．Afterlongandhardwork,thepoliceatlastdiscoveredthe_______(identify)ofthebabyfoundbythesideofaroad.6．Hehasbeenwaitingforachance(发财)overnight.7．(安静下来)!Ihavesomethingimportanttoannounce.8．Asthevictimintheaccident,I____________________(就……索赔)theinjuriesIsuffered.identitytomakeafortuneCalmdownWillmakeaclaimforII.阅读词汇专练1．根据语境选出sharp的词性和词义(A)adj.锋利的；尖的(B)adj.突然的；剧烈的(C)adj.聪明的；敏锐的(D)adj.尖酸的；刻薄的(E)adj.鲜明的；明显的(F)adv.正点；准时①Weareleavingat5o'clocksharp._____②Don'ttouchthesharpknifeoryou'llhurtyourself._____③Hissharpwordsseemedtohurtherverymuch._____FAD④Shopsarereportingasharpriseinsalesoforganicproduce._____⑤Someofthesekidsareprettysharpwhenitcomestomaths._____⑥Thewarmweatherwasinsharpcontrasttolastyear'scoldtemperature._____BCE①Theseverefloodinghasclaimedover500lives._____②SheclaimedhercoatwithredbuttonsonitattheLostandFound._____③Thecompanyclaimsthattheirproductcanmakeyouthinwithoutdieting._____④Hehelpedustovictory,andthatgavehimaclaimonourgratitude._____⑤Sheclaimeddamagesfromthecompanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered._____DCAEB2．根据语境选出claim的词性和词义(A)v.声称；主张(B)v.索赔(C)v.认领(D)v.夺去(……的生命)(E)n.权利；资格