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3.TeacultureinLiterature3.1TeacultureinChineseLiterature早起开门七件事,柴米油盐酱醋茶(Firewood,rice,oil,salt,sauce,viniger,andteaarethesevennecessitiestobeginaday.)文人七宝:琴棋书画诗酒茶TeainPoetry茶诗《诗经》“采荼薪樗,食我农夫。”—《七月》“谁谓荼苦,其甘如荠。”—《谷风》荼(tu)即茶白居易(772年—846年),唐代诗人中最为著名的爱茶人。“竟日何所为,或饮一瓯茗,或吟两句诗。”—《首夏病间》“不寄他人先寄我,应缘我是别茶人。”—《谢李六郎中寄新蜀茶》斗茶,又叫“斗茗”、“茗战”,即比赛茶的好坏之意。是惠州传统民间风俗之一。—斗茶始于唐代福建建州茶乡。多选在清明节期间,因此时新茶初出,最适合参斗。—斗茶胜负的决定标准,一是汤色,二是汤花。汤色即茶水的颜色,标准是以纯白为上,青白、灰白、黄白者则稍逊。汤花是指汤面泛起的泡沫。汤花的色泽也以鲜白为上;二是汤花泛起后,水痕出现的早晚。—唐称“茗战”,宋呼“斗茶”,都具有强烈的竞赛色彩。宋代斗茶范仲淹(989-1052年)《和章岷从事斗茶歌》斗茶北苑将期献天子,天下雄豪先斗美。鼎磨云外首山铜,瓶携江上中泠水。黄金碾畔绿尘飞,碧玉瓯中翠涛起。斗茶味兮轻醍醐,斗茶香兮薄兰芷。期间品第胡能期,十目视而十手指。胜若登仙不可攀,输同降将无穷耻。苏轼(1037~1101)“岭外唯惠人喜斗茶,此水不虚出也!”“紫笋虽不长,孤根乃独寿。移栽白鹤岭,土软春雨后。”—《种茶》“欲把西湖比西子,从来佳茗似佳人。”望江南春未老,风细柳斜斜。试上超然台上看,半壕春水一城花,烟雨暗千家。寒食后,酒醒却咨嗟。休对故人思故国,且将新火试新茶,诗酒趁年华。TeainNovels《红楼梦》DreamoftheRedChamber第四十一回—“栊翠庵茶品梅花雪”“寂然饭毕,各有丫鬟用小茶盘捧上茶来。黛玉接了茶,早见人又捧过漱盂来,黛玉也照样漱了口。洗手毕,又捧上茶来,这方是吃的茶。”—林黛玉别府进京都(2)“这里薛姨妈已摆了几样细茶果来留他们吃茶.宝玉因夸前日在那府里珍大嫂子的好鹅掌鸭信...”—比通灵金莺微露意探宝钗黛玉(8)“只叫四儿答应.因命四儿剪灯烹茶,自己看了一回《南华经》...”—贤袭人娇嗔箴宝玉(21)“宝鼎茶闲烟尚绿;幽窗棋罢指犹凉。”—潇湘馆“静夜不眠因酒渴,沉烟重拨索烹茶。”—秋夜诗“却喜侍儿知试茗,扫将新雪及时烹”。”—冬夜诗“烹茶冰渐沸,煮酒叶难烧。”“彻旦休云倦,烹茶更细论。”—妙玉3.2TeacultureinBritishLiteratureAfternoonTeaVenusherMyrtle,Phoebushashisbays;Teabothexcels,whichshevouchsafestopraise.ThebestofQueens,andbestofherbs,weoweTothatboldnation,whichthewaydidshowTothefairregionwherethesundothrise,Whoserichproductionswesojustlyprize.TheMuse'sfriend,teadoesourfancyaid,Repressthosevapourswhichtheheadinvade.Andkeepthepalaceofthesoulserene,FitonherbirthdaytosalutetheQueen...TeainPoetryEdmundWaller(1606-1687)onTea(1633)QueenCatherinePeterAnthonyMotteux(1663-1718)ApoeminPraiseofTeaTea,Heav'nsdelight,andNature'struestwealth:ThepleasingPhysic,andsurePledgeofHealth:TheStatesment'sCounncello,theVirgin'slove,TheMuse'sNectar,andtheDrinkofJove.Immortals,hear,saidJove,andceasetojar!TeamusesucceedtoWineasPeacetoWar:NorbytheGrapeletMenbesetatodds,ButshareinTea,theNectaroftheGods.TheRolland《鲁里之流》(1785)Whattonguecantell茶叶本多色Thevariouskindsoftea?何舌犹能穷?Ofblackandgreen,熙春与武夷,OfHysonandBohea;此绿彼又红;WithSinglo,Congou,松萝与工夫,PekoeandSouchong,白毫和小种,Cowslipthefragrant,薰花真芳馥,Gunpowderthestrong.麻珠更稠浓。PercyByssheShelley(1792~1822)LettertoMariaGisborneTheliquiddoctorsrailat,andthatIWillquaffinspitofthem,andwhenIdieWe'lltossupwhichdiedfirstofdrinkingtea.TeainNovelsKatherineManthfield(1888-1923)GardenParty《花园茶会》“Soonafterthat,peoplestartedtoarrive.Thebandbegantoplay;thehiredwaitersranfromthehousetothemarquee.Whereveryoulooked,therewerecoupleswalking,lookingattheflowers,greetingfriends,movingonoverthelawn.TheywerelikebrightbirdsthathadcometovisittheSheridans'gardenforthisoneaftrnoon,ontheirwayto—where?Ah,whathappinesstobewithpeoplewhoareallhappy,toshakehands,kiss,smile.”Villette(CharlotteBronte)PrideandPrejudice,SenseandSensibility...(JaneAustin)SonsandLovers(D.H.Lawrence)......[1]孟丹.中英茶文化内涵的对比研究[D].湖北工业大学硕士学位论文,2010[2]孙宪乐,茶与文化[M].沈阳:春风文艺出版社,1990[3]黄志浩.茶与中国传统文化[J]无锡南洋学院学报,2006(2)[4]马晓俐.差的多维魅力—英国茶文化研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2008[5]凯亚.略说西方第一首茶诗及其他—《饮茶皇后之歌》读后[J].中华养生保健,2007.01.Reference:
本文标题:Contrastive-analysis-of-TeaCulture
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