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SummaryofHowtoGetthePooroffOurConscienceThepolarizationbetweentherichandthepooristheoldestandmostfatalillnessinAmericansociety.Intheessay,theauthortriestofindatheorytogetthePooroffOurConsciencewhichmeanshowtomakeourselvesgetridoftheguiltyoftheexistenceofthepoor.Intheessay,theauthorbringsupfivehistoricalsolutionsandfivecurrentdesignsforgettingthePooroffOurConscience.ThefirstsolutionisproposedfromtheBible:thepoorsufferintherealwordbutarewonderfullyrewardedintheworldwhentheydie.ThesecondistheutilitarianismraisedbyJeremyBentham,whichindicatesthattherightactionofpeoplemustbeself-centered.Toputitinanotherway,themeasuretakenbypeopleshouldhelptopromotethepersonalinterest.SotheAmericansocietyshoulddoitsbestintheinterestoftherich,butnotthepoor.ThethirdsolutionisMalthusianism.Thesupportersofthetheoryholdthatthepovertyofthepoorisbecauseoftheirexcessivebirth-giving.ThenextsolutionisSocialDarwinism.It’sbelievedthattheSocialDarwinism.Therule—survivalofthefittest,thoughoftenheardinthebiologicalfield,stillappliedtotheeconomiclife.SoitdemonstratesthatAmerican’sprosperity,tosomedegree,shouldsacrificetheinterestofthepoor.Theruleiscruel,soitdeclinesitspopularitygraduallyandthepublicassistancetothepoor–Rooseveltrevolutioniscarriedout.Thisisatrulychange,butunfortunatelyit’ssuspended.Inpresentingthefivehistoricalsolutions,theauthorisimplicitinhiscriticism.Thefirstdesignisthatmostofthethingsonbehalfofthepoormustbedonebythegovernment.But,thegovernmentisincompetent.Indiscussingtheidea,theauthorimpliedhiscriticismforthenationaldefensedonebythegovernment.Andtheauthorbelievesthatthegovernmentincompetenceisjusttheexcusethatitcantakeawaytheresponsibilitytoaidthepoor.Thesecondarguesthatthehelptothepooronlyhurtsthepoor.Itdestroystheirconfidence;itseducesthepoorawayfromtheprofitablejob;itdamagestheirmarriage.Buttheauthorfirmlybelievesthatiftheydon’tgainthepublicassistance,theywillsuffermoreseriously.Thethirddesignholdsthatpublicassistancewillmaketherichlosetheirmotivationtoworkandmakethepoorlazy.Theauthordisagreeswiththisandthinksthatbeliefacceptedbypeopleisalwaysconvenientandfortheirownserving.Theforthisthathelpingthepoorhasadverseeffectsontherich’sfreedom.Buttheauthorconsidersthatthegainofthepoorismuchmoreimportantthanthelossoftherich.Finally,thepsychologicaldenial,guidedbywhichpeopleescapeconcernsforthepoor.Andsupportereventhinksthatsufferingisnecessaryforthepoor,becauseitwillstimulatethepoortowork.Theauthorisimplicitinsatireonthispoint.Tomakeaconclusion,theauthormaintainsthatthesocialwelfareisfashionable,notout-datedorconservative.
本文标题:高级英语《how-to-get-the-poor-off-our-conscience》summar
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