初中宾语从句及练习题答案

宾语从句：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句三大考点：时态、语序、引导词宾语从句的时态：（1）如果主句是现在时，那么从句可以根据需要选择任意时态；练：我记得他昨天给了我一本书；Irememberthathe_______(give)meabookyesterday.他告诉我他明天要动身前往纽约了；Hetellsmethathe____________(leave)forNewYorktomorrow.我发现他正在看别人的信件。Ifindthathe___________(read)others’letters.（2）如果主句是过去时（某种时态），那么从句一般要用过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时）练：他告诉我他将会参加跳高比赛；Hetoldmethathe__________(take)partinthehighjump.（3）如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时；练：老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转Ourteachertoldusthattheearth________(travel)aroundthesun宾语从句的引导词：引导词引导词的作用例句that本身无意义，只起连接作用，在口语中可省略；Hesaid(that)Katewasgoodatswimming.what,which,who,whose等连接代词在从句中作一定的成分，如主语、宾语、定语等；Idon’tknowwhattheyaregoingtodo.Heaskedmewhosebookthiswas.when(表时间)，where(表地点)，why(表原因),how(表方式)等连接副词在从句中作状语Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?if/whether意为“是否”，不作句Heaskedmewhether/ifMissGao子成分，但不能省略；wasateacher.1、当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时，用that引导，口语中往往省略；“Sheisagoodgirl,”theteachertellsus.→Theteachertellsus_______sheisagoodgirl.【注意】引导词that用于下列情况时不能省略；（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时；例：Hesaysthatthatisausefulbook.（2）当从句前有插入语时；例：Itsays,onthecar,thatitismadeinChina.（3）当宾语从句中含有主从复合句时；例：I’mafraidthatifyoulostthebook,youmustpayforit.（4）当有两个或多个宾语从句由并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可以省略外，其余从句中的that都不可以省略；例：Hesaid(that)thefilmwasveryinterestingandthatheenjoyedseeingitverymuch.2.把一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，用whether或if引导；练：“AreyoufromJapan?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme__________I_______(be)fromJapan.“DoyoulikewatchingTV?”heaskedme.→Heaskedme__________I______(like)watchingTV.【注意】a.一般情况下，whether和if可以互换。但是以下三种情况只能用whether.①当宾语从句中出现了ornot时例：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.②当在介词之后，做介词宾语时例：I’mthinkingofwhetherIshouldgofishing./Itdependsonwhetheritwillbesunnytomorrow.③当与不定式连用时例：Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse./I’mnotsurewhethertoplaybasketballorgohome.b.if在宾语从句中，意为“是否”，等同于whether；在条件状语从句中，意为“如果”，时态遵循“主将从现”；3、把特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，连接词就用原来的特殊疑问词，但一定要注意用陈述语序；练：WhendidheleaveforJapan?Couldyoutellme?→Couldyoutellme_______he_______(leave)forJapan?WhoisourEnglishteacher?Doyouknow?→Doyouknow_____ourEnglishteacher_____宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语动词；把两个独立的句子连成一个含有宾语从句的复合句时，要特别注意从句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序；【注意】：将助动词did/do/does,will,be,情态动词提到主语前，则成为疑问语序，变成宾语从句后，要将疑问语序变为陈述语序，要将助动词去掉，情态动词回归到主语之后，动词之前；练：What’sKate’se-mailaddress?Doyouknow?→Doyouknow________________emailis?Whereishegoing?Iwanttoknow.→Iwanttoknowwhere______________going?二、典型例题1.—Couldyoutellme____?—Talkingaboutfestivals.A.howtheyareplayingB.whattheyaredoingC.wheretheyaregoingD.whytheyarepracticing.2.Ifyoucan’tfindtheplace,Iwillshowyou_____.A.whatitisB.whatitwasC.whereitisD.whereitwas3.—Canyoutellme______?—HelivesinShanghai.A.whereMarklivesB.wheredoesMarklivesC.whereMarklivedD.wheredidMarklived4.—Doyouknow_____?—Sure.OnAugust5th,2016.A.whenwillthe31stOlympicGamesopenB.wherewillthe31stOlympicGamesopenC.whenthe31stOlympicGameswillopenD.wherethe31stOlympicGameswillopen5.—Couldyoupleasetellme______.—At8:00pm.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.wherethetrainwillgoD.wherewillthetraingo6.—Couldyoutellme______atthistimelastweekend?—Iwasstudyingfortheexams.A.whatyouweredoingB.whatwereyoudoingC.howwereyoudoingD.howyouweredoing7.—Canyoutellme______toLondon?—Sure.Nextmonth.A.whenyouwilltravelB.whenwillyoutravelC.whenyoutravelledD.whendidyoutravel8.—Doyouknow_______?—Foramonth.A.howlongwillshebeawayB.howlongshewillbeawayC.howoftenwillshegothereD.howoftenshewillgothere9.—I’dliketoknow______.—Maybeintheforest.A.whetherwewillgocampingB.wherewewillgocampingC.whetherwewillgocampingD.wherewillwegocamping10.—Ican’tdecide______onvacation.Anyadvice?—WhataboutHainan?It’swarminwinter.A.whenIwillgoB.wherewillIgoC.whenwillIgoD.whereIwillgo11.—Didtheradiosay______?—Yes,fromHunan.A.howthebadricecameB.wherethebadricecamefromC.howdidthebadricecameD.wheredidthebadricecomefrom12.—Canyoutellme_____theprize,Tom?—Lastyear.A.whenyougotB.whendidyougetC.whenwillyougetD.whenyouwillget答案：1----5BCACB6----10AABBD11----12BA