Unit5-Nelson-Mandela---语言点-Language-points

Unit5NelsonMandela—aModernheroPeriod3LanguagePoints1.qualityn.质量（不可数n.）品质；特性（可数n.）quantityn.数量alarge/smallquantityoflarge/greatquantitiesof1).Qualityismoreimportantthanquantity.2).productsofgood/poorquality3).Sheshowsqualitiesofleadership.质量好/坏她表现出多种领导特质2.meanadj吝啬的vt.意味着，意思是(meantodosthmeandoingsth)meansn.方法eg.Acarisameansoftransportation.Heismeantoeveryone.bemeantosb对某人吝啬Itismeanofyoutoteaseher.Itismeanofsbtodosth某人做---真卑鄙Heismeanaboutmoney.bemeanwith/over/aboutsth对---很吝啬打算做某事意味着3.activebeactivein在----方面很积极takeanactivepartin积极参加----Heisactiveinsports.他运动上表现积极。generousadj慷慨的大方的Youruncleisverygeneroustobuythatcarforyou.Heisgenerouswithhismoney.4.vt.devote...to...奉献,把---致力于Hedevotedhislifetopromotingworldpeace.devotedadj忠实的，深爱的bedevotedto对---忠实，对---深爱eg.AdevotedfriendSheisdevotedtoherhusband.介词的to（后接动词ing）devotetolookforwardtosticktopayattentiontoObjecttoLeadtodoing7.diefor为某种事业或目的而死dieforone’scountry/thepeople/thecause.dieof死于内因diefrom死于外因diefromacaraccident.由于车祸而死bedyingfor极想得到...Sheisdyingforacupofwater.diethroughcarelessness因过失而死die…down凋落,消失dieaway消失（渐渐远去）Thesounddiedaway.声音渐渐远去。dieout绝种Thiskindofanimalisdyingout.5.foundv.foundedfounded建立1).ThePRCwasfoundedin1949.2).befoundedon/uponeg.Thestoryisfoundedon/uponfacts.建立在---基础上fightagainst/for/withThesoldiersfoughtbravely_______theenemy___theliberation____theircomrades.againstforwithHefoughtfortheblackpeopleandwasinprisonforthirtyyears.beinprison在狱中，被监禁Hehasbeeninprisonforfiveyears.put…inprison=send…toprison=throw…intoprison把……投入监狱Thecarthieveshavebeenputinprison.HewassenttoprisonfortenyearsHeofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems1v.guide指导adj.guided有指导的adj.guiding给予指导的n.guideline方针常用搭配：undersb’sguidance在某人的指导下guidanceonsth.对……进行指导E.g.Youshoulddoitundertheteacher’sguidance.Heofferedsomeguidanceonmyfinancialproblem.思考：你还能说出几个后缀是-ance的词？如：distancen.距离importancen.重要，-ance是一个名词性后缀，使动词名词化，而且是成为不可数名词Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems2adj.legal合法的反.illegal不合法的adv.legally合法地反.Illegally不合法地n.legality合法（性）beoutofwork=loseone’sjob=beunemployed失业,没有工作Hismotherhasbeenoutofworkforhalfayear.inwork有工作Isherhusbandinwork?outof意为“在…之外”,“向…外”;表示失去,没有,用完;不再处于某种状况。反义词为into或in。outofbreathoutofpetroloutofuseoutoforderoutofcontroloutofdangeroutofsight上气不接下气汽油用完了没用了出故障了失控了脱离危险了看不见了outoffashionoutofdateoutofrepairoutofsight,outofmind.不时兴过时无法修葺眼不见，心不烦16.as…as+主语+can/could尽可能,尽量=as…as+possibleHewasrunningasfastashecould.=Hewasrunningasfastaspossible.YoumustspeakEnglishasoftenasyoucan.=YoumustspeakEnglish_________________.asoftenaspossibleTheydidtheexperimentascarefullyastheycould.=Theydidtheexperiment___________________.Trytomakeasfewmistakesasyoucan.=Trytomake_______________________.ascarefullyaspossibleasfewmistakesaspossible•Ibecomehopefulaboutmyfuture.•v.hope希望…..adj.hopeful有希望的反.Hopelessly无望的•adv.Hopefully有希望地n.hope希望•搭配：1.behopefulaboutsth.对…怀有希望2.behopefulthat…3.behopefulofdoingsth.某些动词(see,find,witness等)主语有时不是人而是物,即拟人用法,使句子生动。1)Thisoldhousehasseengooddays.2)Dusk(黄昏)foundaboycryinginthestreet.17.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberof…see在此句意为“见证,目睹”;(在某段时期)发生(某情况),经历,经受。Thelastfewmonthshasseenmoreandmoretrafficaccidents.Thecityhasseenmanychanges.3)Oct1,1949,saw/witnessedthefoundationofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.voteon投票表决votefor/against投票支持/反对Let’svoteonit.It’scertainthatIwillvoteforit.Hehasrighttovoteagainstit.We’llvotetodecidewhethertocarryouttheplan.votetodosth投票决定做某事4.attackn./v.进攻，攻击，侵袭，侵害（疾病）Hemadeanattackonthegovernment’sactions.攻击/袭击/抨击Thegovernment’sactionswereunderattack.遭到袭击/抨击Thedeathoftheactorisduetoaheartattack.心脏病突发Theenemyattackedusatnight.…onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对暴力。only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时,要进行部分倒装，如：只有在那时候,我才知道自己错了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong．=IrealizedonlythenthatIwaswrong只有用这种办法你才能解决这个问题。Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvetheproblem.=Youcansolvetheproblemonlyinthisway.只有当他回来时我们才能知道秘密。Onlywhenhecamebackdidweknowthesecret．=weknewthesecretonlywhenhecameback.注意:Only＋主语在句首时,不用倒装Onlyheknowstheanswer.[即学即练]1)OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly___howmuchIlovedthem.(08重庆)A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize2)___youeatthecorrectfoods___beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.(08江苏)A.Onlyif;willyouB.Onlyif;youwillC.Unless;willyouD.Unless;youwillDAAsamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence…butin1963Ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.事实上我不喜欢暴力……但在1963年我帮他炸了一些政府大楼.asamatteroffact=infact=actuallyAsamatteroffact,Idon’tknowthetruth.blowupAballoonexpandswhenitisblownup.Thegovernmentbuildingswereblownup.使充气，爆炸，炸毁充气炸毁ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是,我乐于帮忙,因为我知道,这是为了帮助实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。equaladj.相等的;平等的反.unequalequallyadv.反.unequally法律面前人人平等.Everyoneisequalunderthelaw.beequalto等于,相当于;能胜任一里等于半公里。Oneliisequaltohalfakilometer.Allmenarebornequal.I’mnotequaltothejob.equalv.等于,比得上n.相等的事物，（地位等）相同的人bewithoutequal\havenoequal无与伦比，无比Fewcarscanequalthiskindofcarsinspeed.Hehasgotinto/isintrouble.Wemusthelphim.beintrouble有麻烦，处于不幸中补充:maketrouble制造麻烦putsb.to