Health-健康-英语PPT20131125

WhatisHealth?Contents1.Abstract2.Definitionandtheimportanceofhealth3.Presentsituation4.Keephealth5.ConclusionImportanceofhealthThebiggestwealthinlifeis---health.Withouthealth,everythingisnothing.•Noonedoesn'tlovehealth,butveryfewreallyunderstandit.ThesociologistMildredBlaxter,whohasdiedaged85,playedamajorroleinestablishingthefoundationsofhealthresearch–andparticularlymedicalsociology–internationally.IttookMildreduntilher40stofindsociology:itwas,shesaid,hersecondlife.However,onceshehaddoneso,sheremaineduncannilyaheadofthegame.《Health》:KeyConcepts(2004,reprinted2010),shedevelopedtheconceptofhealth–theideathathealthisaccumulatedand/ordepletedbyeverydayexperiencesandresources,andvariesbysocialposition.Shegavesociologyatheoreticalframeworkwithconsiderablepotentialforenhancingourunderstandingofthecausesofhealthinequalities.1.Abstract•Question:Whatishealth?Howdoyouthink?1.AbstractHealthastheabsenceofillnessDiseaseasdevianceHealthasbalanceorhomeostasisHealthasfunctionHealthasstateorstatusThebiomedicalmodelContemporarybiomedicineThesocialmodelHealth,disease,illnessandsicknessHowishealthmeasured?Manystudieshaveaskedordinarypeoplethisquestion，andtheirreplies，asthesebriefexamplesfromresearchindifferentcountryshow,rangefromthethoughtfultodismissive.Healthandmedicinearemajorsectionsofthesocialorganizationofanysociety，andagreatdealofresourcesandmanpowergointosystemsforthepromotionofhealthandthemanagementofdisease1.AbstractRecentlythenumberofpeoplewhoareinsubhealthisincreasingremarkably.Atthebeginningof2009,ChineseCenterforDiseaseControlannouncedthatthedataofeachkindofmentalillnesspatientisabove100,000,000people.About250,000peoplesuicideeveryyearinchina.(Zhongxinnet)Subhealth:Mentalillness:Therateofsuicide:3.PresentsituationRecentlythenumberofpeoplewhoareinsubhealthisincreasingremarkably.Atthebeginningof2009,ChineseCenterforDiseaseControlannouncedthatthedataofeachkindofmentalillnesspatientisabove100,000,000people.About250,000peoplesuicideeveryyearinchina.(Zhongxinnet)Subhealth:Mentalillness:Therateofsuicide:Thefourmajorfactorsaffectinghealth•1.Actsandlifestylefactors(行为和生活方式）•Behaviourandlifestylesthatareduetotheirownbadbehaviourandlifestyles,directlyorindirectlytheadverseeffectstohealth.suchasdiabetes,hypertension,coronaryheartdisease,colon,breast,prostatecancer,obesity,sexuallytransmitteddiseasesandAIDS,mentaldiseases,suchassuicideandbehaviourandlifestyles.•行为和生活方式因素是指因自身不良行为和生活方式，直接或间接给健康带来的不利影响。如糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、结肠癌、前列腺癌、乳腺癌、肥胖症、性传播疾病和艾滋病、精神性疾病、自杀等均与行为和生活方式有关。AffectingthehealthandhealthfactorsaffectingalmostalloftheRoleandconduct.suchassmokingandlungcancer,ChronicObstructiveLungDisease,ischaemicheartdiseaseandothercardiovasculardiseasesarecloselylinked.alcoholism,drugabuse,extramaritalsexualmisconduct,andseriousharmtohumanhealth.行为是影响健康的重要因素，几乎所有影响健康因素的作用都与行为有关。例如吸烟与肺癌、慢性阻塞性肺病、缺血性心脏病及其他心血管疾病密切相关。酗酒、吸毒、婚外性行为等不良行为也严重危害人类健康。behaviorfactorlifestyle•Thewayoflifeandthepoorbythechronicnon-communicablediseases,AIDSandsexuallytransmitteddiseasesintherapidlyincreasing.Inrecentyearsmymalignanttumours,cerebrovascularandcardiovasculardiseasesaccountedfor61%oftotaldeaths.•AccordingtotheUnitedStates,aslongasthebehaviouralriskfactors:unreasonablediet,lackofphysicalexercise,smoking,alcoholanddrugabuse,canbereducedby40%to70%ofthedead,1/3oftheacutedisability,2/3ofthechronicdisabilities.•由于生活方式和不良行为导致了慢性非传染性疾病及性病、艾滋病的迅速增加。近年来我国恶性肿瘤、脑血管病和心血管病已占总死亡原因的61％。•据美国调查，只要有效地控制行为危险因素：不合理饮食、缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟、酗酒和滥用药物等，就能减少40％～70％的早死，1／3的急性残疾，2／3的慢性残疾。Environmentalfactors•⑴NaturalEnvironment•Tomaintainthenaturalenvironmentandhumanharmony,andprotect,promotethehealthofthe10importance.Iftheydestroyhumanharmonywithnature,humansocietywillsufferaretaliatorynature.•自然环境保持自然环境与人类的和谐，对维护、促进健康有着十分重要的意义。若破坏了人与自然的和谐，人类社会就会遭到大自然的报复。Environmentalfactors•(2)SocialEnvironment•SocialEnvironmentincludinglegal,social,economic,cultural,education,population,ethnic,professional,socialandhealthoftherelevantpolicies,lawsandregulations。•社会环境•包括社会制度、法律、经济、文化、教育、人口、民族、职业等，社会制度确定了与健康相关的政策、法律、法规等。Biologicalfactors•BiologicalfactorsinheritedGenetic。Accordingtoaninvestigation,thenationalbirthdefectsTotalincidenceof13.7%,withseverementalretardation,2millionpeopleeachyear.geneticandhypertension,diabetes,cancerandotherdiseases.•生物学因素遗传——据调查，目前全国出生婴儿缺陷总发生率为13．7％，其中严重智力低下者每年有200万人。遗传还与高血压、糖尿病、肿瘤等疾病的发生有关。Howtokeephealthy?•Countingcaloriesisannoying,soinsteadofdoingthat,justeattheportionsizeandwhenorderingalargeportionofsomething,savetherestofitforanothermeal.Thefoodwillnotdisappear!•Somefoods,likeceleryandgum,helpyouburncaloriesbychewing.*•Snackingonvegetablesfillsyouupquickerthansnackingonsugarsubstanceandtastesbetter,too.•Toomuchsugarisnotveryideal.•Eatfruitswhencravingsomethingsweet.Thethoughtoffreshfruitmaynotsoundassatisfyingbeforeyoubiteintoitbutitactuallyismoresatisfyingthanjunkfood.Andthenyourmindcravestherealfoodsagainnotthejunk.•Jogupanddownstairsinyourhouseifthereisnoparkclosetowhereyoulive.•Makeanattempttowalktoworkorschoolifitisnottoofaraway.Youcandothiseverydayorjusttwiceawee