高考英语--代词专题

代词代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词Imemyminemyselfweyouyouhesheitthey主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词Imemyminemyselfweusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselfyouyouyouryoursyourselveshehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitselftheythemtheirtheirsthemselves熟读深思大声朗读，并仔细观察句⑴，思考人称代词的用法；观察⑵⑶句，思考物主代词的用法；观察⑷到⑹句，思考反身代词的用法：1.Sheloveshim.她爱他。人称代词、物主代词和反身代词2.Thebagnearthetableishis.桌子旁边的那个包是他的。3.HeisteachinghimselfEnglish.他在自学英语。4.Shelivesbyherselfinthecountry.她独自住在乡下。5.Thedooritselfisnotstrongenough.这门本身就不牢固。6.Youdon’tlookyourselftoday.今天你看起来不舒服。7.Thisisyourpen.Mine(=mypen)isinthedrawer.这是你的钢笔,我的在抽屉里。⑴人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格在句中作主语(如She),宾格在句中作宾语(如him)。⑵物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种,形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语(如your);名词性物主代词在句中可作主语(如mine)、宾语和表语(如his)等。归纳总结⑶反身代词可作动词或介词(by,for等)的宾语;或者作主语或宾语的同位语，起加强语气的作用,译作“亲自,本人”。注意:反身代词不能单独作主语。用所给代词的适当形式填空1.Thisisnotmypencil-box._______(I)isinthebag.2.Treesareplantedin______(we)countryeveryyear,whichmakesourcountrymoreandmorebeautiful.3.---IsthatbikeMissGao’s?---Yes,itis______(she).Beautiful,isn’tit?4.Help______(you)tosomefruit,Jack.5.---Whotaughtyourbrothertosurf?---Nobody.Helearntallby_______(he).6.TheirEnglishteacherisfromAmerica,but______(we)isfromEngland.7.Mary’sanswerisdifferentfrom________(I).8.---Mywatchkeepsgoodtime.Whatabout_______(you)?---Mine?Oh,twominutesslow.9.Samismybrother.Doyouliketoplaywith______(he)?10.Didyouenjoy_______(you),MaryandKate?练习I..1.Mine2.our3.hers4.yourself5.himself6.ours7.mine8.yours9.him10.yourselves熟读深思熟读下列句子,仔细体会划线代词的用法，然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中的空格里。1.Toreachanagreement,bothsidesmustmakeconcession.为达成协议,两方都必须做让步。表示“两者”“多者”的代词2.Ifyourunaftertwohares,youwillcatchneither.如果两只野兔都赶,就哪一只也抓不着。3.Youcanwriteoneitherside.你随便写哪边。4.Hewantstoinviteallofhisfriendstohisbirthdayparty.他要邀请所有的朋友来参加他的生日聚会。5.Agoldenkeycanopenanydoor.一把金钥匙能打开所有的门。6.Noneofuscouldlivewithoutotherpeople.任何人都不可能离开他人而生活。1.完成下列表格归纳总结都都不任一两者both⑵_______⑷_____多者⑴_____⑶_______⑸_____allneithernoneeitherany2.表示否定可说not...either/any,但没有either/any...not的说法。3.这两个词都可用于表示两个人或物。Neither表示否定意义意为“(两者中的每一个)都不”;而either则表示肯定意义,意为“(两者中的每一个)都”。它们用作代词时,可单独使用,也可同介词of连用。用作形容词时,则可用于修饰后面的单数名词。4.none既可指人，也可指物。它强调数量，意为“一点也不,一个也不”。常用于回答howmuch和how？many引导的问句。none还可与介词of连用。noone只能指人(=nobody),不能接of短语,常用于回答who引导的问句。5.both/all与not连用表示部分否定,意为“并非……都”。6.在使用不定代词时，一要注意它们的词性(因为它们还可用作形容词);二要注意它们所表示的数量;三要注意它们是表示肯定还是否定。熟读深思熟读下列句子,仔细体会划线代词的用法,然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中的空格。1.Therewasarainbowinthesky,andanotherinhisheart.天上有一道彩虹,他心里则有另一道彩虹。表示“另外”的代词2.Thereisanotherwayofdealingwiththeproblem.还有另一种办法来处理这个问题。3.Hisideaswereoftenatvariancewithothers.他的看法常常和别人不一致。4.Cuckoosoftenlefttheireggsinotherbirds’nests.杜鹃常常把蛋生在别的鸟窝里。5.Somepraisehim,whereasotherscondemnhim.有人赞扬他,而另一些人却谴责他。6.Eachwishedtheothertoanswerfirst.每个人都希望对方先回答。7.Heisbehindtheothersinability.他在能力上比别人差。8.Wherearetheotherstudents？其他同学在哪里？9.Whereshallwebeinanothertenyears？再过十年我们会在哪儿？单数复数泛指another⑴_______特指theother⑵_______说明可作定语不能作定语1.完成表格归纳总结theothersothers2.有the是特指,无the是泛指;以s结尾的不能作定语,不以s结尾的可作定语。3.单独的other只能作定语(如第4句)。4.搭配：some...others...有些……有些……；one...theother...一个……(特指两者中的)另一个……5.特殊：another用于“another＋基数词(few)＋复数名词”中,与“基数(some)＋other/more＋复数名词”相当。练习II.用适当的代词填空1.Theoldmanhastwosons.Oneisaworker,_______isateacher.2.Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning;somelikeswimming;_______likeballgames.3.Let’sgoandhaveadrink.We’vegot_______timebeforethetrainleaves.4.Wewereallverytired,but_______ofuswouldliketohavearest.5.______ofthetwinsareinourclass.6.Boys,don’ttouchthemachines,oryoumayhurt_______.7.Itissaidthereisgoingtobe________importantintheCCTVnews.8.Wecouldn’tbuyanythingbecause_______oftheshopsopenedatthattime.9.Theydidn’tlearn_______newinthislesson.10.---Whyis______easyforsuchayounggirltolearnthreeforeignlanguagessowell?---BecauseBritain,GermanyandFranceareallverynear______country.练习II.1..theother2.others3.alittle4.none5.Both6.yourselves7.something8.none9.anything10.it;her用one,ones,theone,that,those,it填空1.Ihavelostmyumbrella;I'mlookingfor______.2.Ihavelostmyumbrella;IthinkImustbuy______.3.Theumbrellayouboughtischeaperthan_____Ibought.4.Thewaterinthecupishotterthan______inthepot.5.Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolder________inthehouse.6.Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthan______ofPeter.7.Thesepicturesaremorebeautifulthan_______.8.Heistheteacher,___whoislovedbythestudents.9.Ifound______hardtogetonwithher.10.Hehassavedmylife.I'llneverforget_____.11.Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolder______inthehouse.熟读深思熟读下列句子,仔细体会划线代词的用法,然后将这些代词分别填入“归纳总结”中的空格里。1.Don’ttakethenotebookaway.Mywifeisusingit(=thenotebook).别把笔记本电脑拿走,我妻子在用。替代词it，that，one，those2.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthanthat(=theair)inthecity.我要搬到农村去,因为那里的空气比城里的空气要清新得多。3.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfoundone(=ahouse)welikeyet.我一直在看房子,但还没有找到一座我们喜欢的房子。4.Manywillfailtofindjobsorlosetheones(=thejobs)theyhave.许多人将找不到工作,或者失去现有的工作。归纳总结1.it和that都替代“the+单数名词”,都是特指,都可替代可数和不可数名词;但___指前面提到的“同一”事物,而_____是指前面提到的“同类”事物。2._____替代“a＋单数可数名词”,表示泛指;其复数形式_____替代泛指的复数名词。itthatoneone