夏洛特-勃朗特-英文简介

CharlotteBrontë(1816—1855)ⅠIntroduction•Born21April1816(1816-04-21)Thornton,Yorkshire,England•Died31March1855(aged38)Haworth,Yorkshire,England•PennameLordCharlesAlbertFlorianWellesleyCurrerBell•Occupationgoverness,novelist,poet•NotableworksJaneEyre,Villette勃朗特故居位于约克郡Bradford（布拉福德）西北部的Haworth（霍华斯）小镇。这张照片是故居中的厨房，艾米丽经常在这里试新的菜谱，为家人做各种点心、面包。勃朗特姊妹短暂的生命历程，而其内涵却是深邃而丰富的。教堂是三姐妹的父亲布道的地方，夏洛蒂的婚礼也是在这里举行的（她嫁给了她父亲的助手，也是一名牧师，不过婚后八个月就去世了）。勃朗特三姐妹都挺短命的，分别活了３９岁、３０岁和２９岁。夏洛蒂已经是三姐妹中最长寿的一位，她和艾米丽都埋葬在这座教堂里。妹妹安妮葬在Scarborough。II.LifeHerfatherwasaclergymanatHaworth，Yorkshire.Whentheywereyoung，theBrontesistersweresenttoaschoolforclergymen'sdaughters.Theoldesttwodiedthereduetothepoorandunhealthyconditions.ThisexperienceinspiredthelaterportrayalofLowoodSchoolinthenovelJaneEyre.Afterthedeathoftheeldersisters，CharlotteandEmilywerebroughthometobeeducatedbytheirfather.Forsometime，theyworkedinaboardingschoolandweresubsequentlygovernessesinrichfamilies.Charlotte&hertwoyoungersistershadagreatfondnessforliterature.In1845appearedavolumeofpoetryentitledPoemsbyCarrer，EllisandActonBell（thepseudonymsofCharlotte，EmilyandAnne），butreceivedlittleattention.Thenthethreesistersturnedtonovelwriting.•Charlotte'sfirstnovelTheProfessorwasrejectedbythepublisher.Buthersecondone，JaneEyre，wonimmediatesuccesswhenitappearedin1847.Inthesameyear，Emily'ssingleanduniqueworkWutheringHeightsandAnne'sAgnesGreywerealsopublished.SoontheywerefollowedbyAnne'sTheTenantofWildfellHall（1848）。•AfterthedeathofEmily&Anne，Charlottecontinuedwriting.HernextimportantnovelShirley，aworkabouttheindustrialtroublesbetweenthemill-owners&machine-breakersinYorkshirein1811-1812cameoutin1849.•AnothernovelVilletteappearedin1853.Thisishermostautobiographicalwork，largelybasedonherexperienceinBrussels.In1854，charlottemarriedherfather'scurate.Shediedafewmonthslaterinpregnancy.TheProfessor，herfirstwrittenwork，waspublishedposthumouslyin1857.III.worksNovels•1847年：代表作《简·爱》（JaneEyre）•1849年：《雪莉》（Shirley）•1853年：《维莱特》（Villette）•1857年：《教师》（TheProfessor），创作于《简爱》之前，不过因为许多出版社拒绝出版，所以直到夏洛蒂死后才出版Poetry•《fromRetrospection》：创作于1835年•1846年：《库瑞尔、艾利斯与阿克顿·贝尔的诗集》（PoemsbyCurrer,EllisandActonBell）：由勃朗特三姐妹联合出版。ⅣBrontësisters•TheBrontësisters,Charlotte(21April1816–31March1855),Emily(30July1818–19December1848)andAnne(17January1820–28May1849),wereEnglishwritersofthe1840sand1850s.TheirnovelscausedasensationwhentheywerefirstpublishedandweresubsequentlyacceptedintothecanonofgreatEnglishliterature.EmilyBrontë(1818—1848)AnneBrontë(1820—1849)•勃朗特家庭是一个天才的家庭，姐妹三人包括酗酒的弟弟勃兰威尔都具有非凡的文学才能。但在勃朗特家庭引起广泛关注的1847年后。1848年9月，家庭“骄傲和希望”的勃兰威尔因酗酒、吸毒而染病去世。身体柔弱的艾米莉痛惜胞兄早逝，在葬礼当天感染了肺结核，她拒绝任何治疗，同年12月19日病死在书房的长沙发上。次年，安妮也因肺病离开了人间。这个不幸的家庭显得十分凄苦，神秘，但在英国文坛却光辉耀眼。IV.Charlotte'sLiteraryCreation•CharlotteBronte'sworksareallaboutthestruggleofanindividualconsciousnesstowardsself-realization，aboutsomelonelyandneglectedyoungwomenwithafiercelongingforlove,understandingandafull，happylife.Inhermind,man’slifeiscomposedofperpetualbattlebetweensinandvirtue,goodandevil.Besides，sheisawriterofrealismcombinedwithromanticism.•Ononehand，shepresentsavividrealisticpictureoftheEnglishsocietybyexposingthecruelty，hypocrisyandotherevilsoftheupperclassesandbyshowingthemiseryandsufferingofthepoor.Ontheotherhand，herwritingsaremarkedthroughoutbyintensityofvisionandofpassion.V.JaneEyre•TheworkisoneofthemostpopularandimportantnovelsoftheVictorianage.Itisnotedforitssharpcriticismoftheexistingsociety.Atthesametime,itisanintensemoralfable.Rochester,hastoundergoaseriesofphysicalandmoralteststogrowupandachieveherfinalhappiness.1.Analyzethework2.JaneEyre'scharacter•JaneEyre，anorphanchildwithafieryspiritandalongingtoloveandbeloved，apoor，plain，littlegovernesswhodarestolovehermaster，amansuperiortoherinmanyways，andevenisbraveenoughtodeclaretothemanherloveforhim，cutsacompletelynewwomanimage.InthisnovelCharlottecharacterizesJaneEyreasanaive，kind-hearted，noble-mindedwomanwhopursuesagenuinekindoflove.•JaneEyrerepresentsthosemiddle-classworkingwomenwhoarestrugglingforrecognitionoftheirbasicrightsandequalityasahumanbeing.Thevividdescriptionofherintensefeelingsandherthoughtandinnerconflictsbringshertotheheartoftheaudience.Thanksforyourattention