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UnitoneModernTechnologyPart1Words1.maina.主要的;重要的:chief;mostimportant(无比较级或最高级)e.g.Whatarethemainreasonsforgoingtouniversity?上大学的主要原因是什么?Themainpointisthatitlastsforalongtime.其要点是,它要持续很长一段时间。mainn.主要部分e.g.Mynewhouseisnotconnectedtothemains.我的新房子(的水电)还没有接上干线。词组:themainpoint要点inthemain总的来说mainunit(计算机的)主机派生词:Mainlyad.主要地;大部分:chiefly;forthemostpartThespaciousmainbedroomismainlyblue.宽敞的主卧室以蓝色为主色调。2.unitn.单位,单元;装置;个体;[数]单位数复数:unitse.g.)Thisunitisalittlebithard.这个单元有点难。Thefamilyisasocialunit.家庭是一个社会单元。Whatunitareyouwith?你是哪个部队的?3.Monitorn.复数:monitors第三人称单数:monitors过去式:monitored过去分词:monitored现在分词:monitoring(1)n.显示屏,屏幕;[计]显示器;监测仪e.g.Theheartmonitorshowslowlevelsofconsciousness.心脏监测器显示患者神志不清。(2)n.监控人员,班长Theymadehimmonitor.他们选他当班长。(3)v监控,监听,监视Wecontinuetomonitorperformance!我们将继续监视而已!4.keyboardn.键盘复数:keyboards第三人称单数:keyboards过去式:keyboarded过去分词:keyboarded现在分词:keyboardinge.g.Acomputerhasakeyboard.一台电脑配有一个键盘。派生词:keyboardern.操作键盘的人;键盘输入员e.g.Shewasemployedasakeyboarder.她被雇用当录入员。5.electronicn.电子器件;电子电路(作名词时,用electronics)e.g.Manhasdonealottohavemoderndevelopmentsinelectronics.人类做了很多努力来发展现代电子技术。adj.电子的;电子学的;电子器件的e.g.Iamnotverygoodatfixingelectronicthings.我对于修理电子的东西不太在行。常见搭配:electronicmail=e-mail电子邮件electronicmusic电子音乐派生词:Electricityn.电力;电流,静电(不可数名词)e.g.Thismachinerunsbyelectricity这台机器由电力带动。Electricaladj.用电的,与电有关的,电学的e.g.Hesayshewantstobeanelectricalengineer.他说自己想成为一名电气工程师。Electricadj.电的,带电的;发电的,导电的;e.g.Youknowyoucanfixthiselectricproblem?你认为你可以解决电的问题?辨析:electricelectricalelectric,electrical的区别1.electric为“电的,用电的,带电的”,指任何电动的或发电的装置,被修饰的物体本身可带电。如:electriclight,electricstove,electricpiano,electricmotor,electricbell。又如:Pleaseconnectthetwoelectricwires.请将这两根电线接起来。Withthiselectricblanket,thegrandpawon'tfeelcoldinwinter.有了电热毯,到了冬天爷爷就不觉得冷了。2.electrical为“电的,与电有关的,电气科学的”,指与电有关的事物,被修饰的词本身并不能带电。如:electricalengineer,electricalenergy,electricalengineering。又如:Alltheelectricalworkwasdonebymyyoungerbrother.所有的电工活都由弟弟来干。Heburiedhimselfinanelectricalbook.他埋头读一本电学方面的书。electronic是电子的,和电子有关的。比如说电子商务就是electronic-commerce7.typein输入;键入Typeinawordandreadthewordinitalian.输入一个单词,并用意大利语。8.Processvt.加工;处理;Wewillprocessyourorderatonce.我们立刻处理您的订单。n.过程;工序;步骤;程序Thatisthecomplicatedprocess.那是一个复杂的过程。9.controlvt.控制;管理;限制;支配复数:controls第三人称单数:controls过去式:controlled过去分词:controlled现在分词:controllingTakingcontrolofyourlife.掌控你自己的生活。n.支配权;操纵者;(对国家、地区、机构等的)管理权;(键盘上的)控制键e.g.Everything'sundercontrol.一切都在控制之中。Showhimyouareincontrol.让他知道局势由你掌控。10.oughttov.应当,应该;理应;宜e.g.yououghttostudyhardoughtto的否定式和疑问式1.oughtto的否定形式是ought后直接加not构成,其否定形式可缩写为oughtn't。Oneoughtnot(oughtn't)tocrossthestreetagainsttheredlight.2.oughtto的疑问式是将ought提到句首构成。—Oughtwetodoitatonce?—Yes,yououghtto.在反意疑问句里,下面两种形式都可以:Heoughttobeherenow,shouldn't(oughtn't)he?11.ableadj.能够的;有能力的;有才干的;干练的比较级:abler最高级:ableste.g.You'reabletocatchupwithyourclassmates.你有能力赶上你的同班同学。Areyouabletoreachyourparents?你能联系上你父母吗?You'reabletocatchupwithyourclassmates.你有能力赶上你的同班同学。区别beableto和can(1)beableto强调通过努力而获得的能力,而can则强调自身已具有的能力。如:ShecansingthesonginEnglish.她能用英语唱这首歌。HewillbeabletosingthissonginEnglishinafewminutes,too.几小时之后,他也能用英语唱这首歌。(2)beableto强调一种结果,而can只强调一种可能。如:Luckily,hewasabletoescapefromthebigfireintheend.幸运的是,他终于逃出了大火。Ifhegothereafewhoursearlier,Icouldsavehim.要是他早几小时来,我还能救他。(3)beableto可以有各种时态;而can只有一般现在和一般过去两种时态。如:Icouldhelpyoulastnight,butyoudidn’tcome.昨天晚上我能帮你,而你又没来。Canyouseeitthere?你能看见它在那儿吗?Heis/was/willbeabletohelpyou.他能帮你的忙Willyoubeabletocamerathelecturetomorrow?你明天能把讲座录下来吗?I'msorryIhaven'tbeenabletoansweryourletterintime.真对不起我没能及时给你回信.Ps:指过去某时或某个时刻设法做成某事,不用could,而用was\wereableto。Italkedwithherforalongtime,andeventuallyIwasabletomakeherbelieveme.我谈了很久,最终还是使她相信了我的话。(4)can可用于表示可能性,推测,允许等情况,而beableto通常不这样用。Youareabletousemypen.(误)Youcanusemypen.(正)(5)can有被动语态,主语为人或物皆可,而beableto只接不定式的主动形式,不接表示被动的不定式,也不可用无生命的名词作主语。例如:Theworkisabletobedonebyhim.(误)Heisabletodothework.(正)Tryit!I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperwordsaccordingtothephonetictranscriptions.(看音标写单词)1.You_________[ɔ:t]toreturnthebooktotheschoollibrary2.lilywasnot__________[ˈeibl]todrawpicturesonthecomputerbeforethecomputerlessons.3.Canyou__________[taip]veryfast?4.Iamnotverygoodatfixing_______________[ilekˈtrɔnik]things.5.Therearefour____________[mein]typesblood.II.Fillintheblankwiththeproperword.(填入适当的单词,首字母已给)1.Whatarethem__________reasonsforgoingtouniversity?2.Thefamilyisasocialu__________.3.Theymadehimm___________.4.Iamnotverygoodatfixinge______________things.5.Takingc__________ofyourlife.Part2Text&Reading1.befamiliarwith熟知befamiliarto为……所熟知2.use……fordoing……=use……todo……用……来做……3.beconnectedto……与……连接在一起4.Onlineshopping网上购物5.Toone’sadvantage对……有利,havetheadvantageoversb胜过,优于takeadvantageofsth利用,Takeadvantageofsb占……便宜,欺骗6.Inbrief简言之7.twomillionbooks两百万册书millionsofbooks数百万册书8.enjoydoingsth类似的词还有:finishmindpracticemisssuggestkeepcan’thelp不禁bubusy,spend学了这么多,我们来练练吧!Tryagain!I.TranslatethefollowingphrasesintoEnglish.(将下列词组翻译成英语)1.电脑显示器2.显示文字和图片3.键入信息4.鼠标的用处5.控制电脑6.用鼠标来控制电脑7.在主机内8.电脑所有的电子器件9.计算机的四大部件10.熟悉11.看录像12.能够做II.Fillintheblanks.(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.Where______youjustnow?I_______i
本文标题:上海八年级上册英语第一单元知识点和测试
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