雅思--小作文-不同类型

如何讲好雅思小作文的故事•linegraph•Barchart•Pie•Map•Table•ProcessDiagram/Flowchart雅思小作文之linegraph曲线图linegraph•linegraph：•1.曲线图和柱状图都是动态图,解题的切入点在于描述趋势•2.在第二段的开头部分对整个曲线进行一个阶段式的总分类,使写作层次清晰,同时也方便考官阅卷。接下来再分类描述每个阶段的specifictrend,同时导入数据作为分类的依据•3.趋势说明。即,对曲线的连续变化进行说明,如如上升、下降、波动、持平平。以时间伟比较基础的应抓住“变化”：上升、下降或是波动。•4.极点说明。即对图表中最高的、最低的点单独进行说明。不以时间为比较基础的应注意对极点的描述。•5.交点说明。即对图表当中多根曲线的交点进行对比说明。•基本规则：•1文本采用过去时•2切勿将数据写错•正文内容：•1抓住图表内轴线的趋向•2对轴线进行比较说明•3尽量具有强烈的可比性•核心常用词汇：•1同义转换•2选择重点•3搭配速度与程度表达•Thecurvesillustratethechangeofcriminalrateinburglary,cartheftandrobberyinNewportcitycentrefrom2003to2012.（概括线图内容）•Thechangeofburglaryisdrastic.Thenumberofincidentsincreasedsharplyfromaround3400in2003toabout3800in2004.Fromthenon,theinnercitywelcomedaconstantfouryearsdropofburglarywhichreachedthelowestpointatabout1100casesin2008.Thenumberofburglarywereincreasedagainfrom2008to2009andthenremainedgenerallyconstantat1400from2009to2012.•Therateofcartheft,however,didn’tchangeasdramaticallyasthatofburglary.Itstoodsteadyfrom2003to2005atapproximately2900incidents,followedbyasharpdeclineinthenextyearandbottomingat2000incidents.Theperiodof2006to2012sawawavingincrease,finallypeakingatabout2700incidentsin2012.•Thetrendofrobberydiffersdramatically.Itslightlyfluctuatedbetween500casesto900cases,peakingin2005and2010,whilebottomingoutin2003,2008and2011.•Theoveralltrendindicatesthatfrom2003to2006,burglarywasmorecommonthancartheft.Whileafter2007,thesituationwasturnedover.Therateofrobbery,however,wasalwayslowerthanothertwocrimes.在运动范畴中存在着如下的8种运动趋向：•1.保持平稳：我们可以使用的套用结构有：staystable/remainsteady.•举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写：Thenumberofpopulationstayedstable./Thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady.•2.上升/增加：我们可以使用的套用结构有：rise/climb/increase/ascend/mount/aggrandize•举例：人口上升：Thenumberofpopulationincreased/ascended/mounted•3.下降/减少：我们可以使用的套用结构有：fall/drop/decrease/descend/decline•举例：人口减少：Thenumberofpopulationdecreased/declined.•程度只有两种，缓慢和陡然。•缓慢的/轻微的：gradually/smoothly/steadily/slightly•陡然的/大幅度的：dramatically/sharply/considerably/appreciably/•举例：•1.人口大幅度攀升：numberofpopulationmounteddramatically.•2.人口轻微下降：numberofpopulationdecreasedslightly.•3.人口逐渐下降：numberofpopulationdecreasedgradually.•4.下降后保持平稳：使用的结构是bottomout.•举例：人口下降后保持平稳：•Thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandbottomedout.•5.上升后保持平稳：使用leveloff.•举例：人口上升后保持平稳：numberofpopulationmountedandleveledoff.•6.复苏：前面下降了以后，然后就上升了，这两条线段的连接点就叫复苏。英语中表达为recover•举例：人口下降后复苏：numberofpopulationdecreasedandrecovered.•7.波动：英语中叫fluctuate.•举例：人口波动：numberofpopulationfluctuated•8.达到顶峰：peak/reachitssummit/reachitszenith••举例：人口到达了顶峰：numberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith.•如何将线段组与数据进行连接?•注意如下的介词使用.•一.remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后面需要使用的是at。•举例：•1.人口在500万上保持平稳：numberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million.•2.人口在800万时到达了顶峰：numberofpopulationpeakedat8million.•3.下降后，人口在400万保持平稳：afterdecreasing,numberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.•4.上升后，人口在700万保持平稳：aftermounting,numberofpopulationleveledoffat7million.•二.上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)•举例：•1.人口下降到200万：numberofpopulationdecreasedto2million.•2.人口下降了200万：numberofpopulationdecreasedby2million.•3.人口上升到1000万：numberofpopulationincreasedto10million.•4.人口上升了500万：numberofpopulationincreasedby5million.•三.recover的后面大家需要使用的是from••举例：人口在200万时开始复苏：numberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million.•四.fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between...and...•举例：人口在2和100亿之间波动：numberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion.•常用的小作文的趋势句式表达•句式一：变化主体/图画中主体+趋势动词+副词+时间区间•Eg:Thenumberofagedpeopleover65increasedsignificantlyfrom1940-2000.•Thenumberofagedpeopleover65droppedslightlyfrom1960-1980.•Thenumberofagedpeopleover65fluctuatedbetween1millionand1.2millionfrom1940-1950.•Thenumberofagedpeopleover65remainedstablefrom1930-1940.•Therebe+形容词+表示趋势的名词+in+变化的主体+时间区间•Eg:Therewasansignificantincreaseinthenumberofagedpeopleover65from1940-2000.•Therewasaslightdeclineinthenumberofagedpeopleover65from1960-1980.•Therewasafluctuationbetween1millionand1.2millionfrom1940-1950.•ThelinegraphcomparesaverageyearlyspendingbyAmericansonmobileandlandlinephoneservicesfrom2001to2010.•概括线图内容••Itisclearthatspendingonlandlinephonesfellsteadilyoverthe10-yearperiod,whilemobilephoneexpenditurerosequickly.Theyear2006marksthepointatwhichexpenditureonmobileservicesovertookthatforresidentialphoneservices.•总述一条线总体趋势，和另一条行程对比•In2001,USconsumersspentanaverageofnearly$700onresidentialphoneservices,comparedtoonlyaround$200oncellphoneservices.Overthefollowingfiveyears,averageyearlyspendingonlandlinesdroppedbynearly$200.Bycontrast,expenditureonmobilesrosebyapproximately$300.•自2001年开始，描述cellphone每一段的变化趋势。•Intheyear2006,theaverageAmericanpaidoutthesameamountofmoneyonbothtypesofphoneservice,spendingjustover$500oneach.By2010,expenditureonmobilephoneshadreachedaround$750,whilethefigureforspendingonresidentialserviceshadfallentojustoverhalfthisamount.•对比手机服务，写出手机服务的特征。对另一条线进行系统描述。•Barchart•这幅图两个明显的信息点，即对于这六个国家来说，1995年的雇佣率总是低于2005年的雇佣率，女性的受雇佣率也总是低于男性的相应数据。接下来，还有什么信息点需要进行阐述呢?很明显，在本图中，除了年份和性别外，国家也是一个很重要的组成部分。可是该如何描述国家间的对比关系呢?如果以国家的雇佣率高低来进行描述，会显得信息冗杂且重复。•那让我们换个角度来想，如果以一个国家内部的数据特点作为分类标准，看看国家内同年