必修一unit5-Eliasstory-课文详解

Elias’StoryMynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.Thetimewhen(atwhich)IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Thetimewasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.(atThetime)IfirstmetNelsonMandela.Iwastwelveyearsold.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.Mandelawastheblacklawyer.Iwenttotheblacklawyerforadvice.Heofferedguidancetopoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.特殊情况下非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时使用as或which做关系词，代整个主句，as引导的非限制性定语从句可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。Awomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeople.Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.Ascanbeseenfromhiseyes,heisangry.IneededhishelpbecauseIhadverylittleeducation.Ibeganschoolatsix.Theschoolwhere(in/atwhich)Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometersaway.Theschoolwasthreekilometersaway.Istudied(in/atTheschool)foronlytwoyearsIhadtoleavebecausemyfamilycouldnotcontinuetopaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Icouldnotreadorwritewell.After(Iwas)tryinghard,Igotajobinagoldmine.状语从句中的省略省略句的规则1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致(或者从句的主语为it)．2.从句谓语中包含be动词bedoing,bedone,betodo,be+adj满足这两个条件可以省去从句的主语和be动词．保留be之后的部分，被保留部分常为现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词等。Youcan’tspeakuntil(youare)spokento.I’llbuyanewphoneif(itis)necessary.While(Iwas)running,Iheardmynamecalled.However,thiswasatimewhen(atwhich)onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.thiswasatime.onehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg(atatime).SadlyIdidnothaveitbecauseIwasnotbornthere,andIworriedaboutwhetherIwouldbecomeoutofwork.Thedaywhen(onwhich)NelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.Thedaywasoneofmyhappiest.NelsonMandelahelpedme(onTheday).HetoldmehowtogetthecorrectpaperssoIcouldstayinJohannesburg.Ibecamemorehopefulaboutmyfuture.IneverforgothowkindMandelawas.WhenheorganizedtheANCYouthLeague,IjoineditassoonasIcould.as...as和...一样,同级比较.第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词.其基本结构为：as+adj./adv.+as.Thisfilmisasinterestingasthatone.Yourpenwritesassmoothlyasmine.否定式为notas+adj./adv.+as.Thisdictionaryisnotasusefulasyouthink.若有倍数修饰,如twice,threetimes,half,aquarter等,则须置于第一个as之前.Yourbagistwiceasexpensiveasmine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍.Hesaid:“Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingoutrightsandprogress,我们赋予无生命主语以人或人的团体所特有的动作，常用see，find，tell，say等动词作谓语，来使用拟人手法，增加句子的表现力。Mywatchsaysitisfiveo’clocknow.TheonelookhadtoldMarywhatsortofmanshehadtodealwith.Thesightoftheboyalwaysremindsmeofherparents．Thisoldbuildinghasseenwonderfuldays.Manytroublesvisitedthepooroldmanlastyear.untiltodaywehavereachedastagewhere(onwhich)wehavealmostnorightsatall.”wehavereachedastage.wehavealmostnorightsatall(onastage).Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnotvoteorchoosetheirleaders.Theycouldnotgetthejobstheywanted.Theycouldnotgetthejobs.theywantedthejobs.关系代词在从句中作宾语时，关系代词常常省略。Themanwhom/thatwesawyesterdayisMr.Brown.ThemanwesawyesterdayisMr.Brown.Thepicturewhich/thatyourarelookingatwaspaintedbyme.Thepictureyourarelookingatwaspaintedbyme.介词前置在关系代词之前，关系代词绝对不可省。ThegirlwithwhomIworkiscoming.Thewindowthroughwhichyoucanseemanypeopleisverlarge.Thepartsoftowninwhich(where)theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.Thepartsoftownweredecidedbywhitepeople.theyhadtoliveinThepartsoftown.Theplacesoutsidethetownswhere(inwhich)theyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.TheplacesoutsidethetownswerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.theyweresenttolive(inTheplaces).Noonecouldgrowfoodthere.InfactasNelsonMandelasaid:“…wewereputintoapositioninwhich(where)wehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportantorfightthegovernment.wewereputintoaposition.wehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportantorfightthegovernmentinaposition.either...or...或者……或者……；不是……就是……Whenthegirlishappy,sheeithersingsordances.either...or...连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,就近原则.EitheryouorIamgoingtheretomorrow.AreeitheryouorIgoingtheretomorrow?Eitheryouorhehaslunchatschool.Doeitheryouorhehavelunchatschool?对either...or...句型进行否定时,只需either...or...换成neither...nor...Eitheryouorsheisgoodatdrawing.你或她擅长绘画.Neitheryounorsheisgoodatdrawing.你和她都不擅长绘画.neither...nor...既不……也不……Shelikesneitherbutternorcheese.neither...nor...连接两个主语时,也应遵循就近原则.NeitherTomnorhisparentsareathometoday.neither...nor...句型变为肯定句,只需把neither...nor...改为both...and...即可,同时谓语动词必须用复数形式.NeitherTomnorJacklikesfootball.BothTomandJacklikefootball.Wechosetoattackthelaws.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful;Wefirstbrokethelawinaway.awaywaspeaceful.whenthiswasnotallowed…onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.”“only＋状语”在句首时，句子要部分倒装。部分倒装：助动词/情态动词/be+主语+谓语动词Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.OnlythendidIrealizetheimportanceofEnglish.Onlyinthiswaycanyoulearnfromyourmistakes.“only＋主语”在句首时，不需要部分倒装。OnlyIcandoitwell.OnlysocialismcansaveChina.Asamatteroffact,Idonotlikeviolence…butin1963Ihelpedhimblowupsomegovernmentbuildings.ItwasverydangerousbecauseifIwascaughtIcouldbeputinprison.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.