基于单片机楼道内声控灯及报警系统

摘要本课题设计一款基于单片机的楼道内声控灯及报警系统，主要由声控灯和意外紧急报警两部分组成。声控灯部分是通过声音传感器进行声音检测，然后经单片机进行处理，实现灯的开关智能控制。报警部分主要由蜂鸣器和按键组成，当声控灯出现故障时，通过触动按键实现蜂鸣器报警进行维修提示。硬件电路包括单片机最小系统电路、声音传感器检测模块、按键模块、LED显示模块、蜂鸣器报警电路模块；软件部分主要通过C程序的编程实现等灯的亮灭，然后通过发光二极管显示出来，通过按键操作实现报警功能。设计中结合硬件、软件的分步调试，达到要求的控制效果。当有人走过楼梯通道，发出脚步声或其它声音时，楼道灯会自动点亮，提供照明。当人们进入家门或走出公寓，楼道灯延时几分钟后会自动熄灭。当出现故障时，可触动按钮，进行报警维修。声控延时开关不仅适用于住宅区的楼道，而且也适用于工厂、办公楼、教学楼等公共场所，它具有体积小、外形美观、制作容易、工作可靠等优点。关键词:单片机；声控灯；报警系统；声音传感器；蜂鸣器AbstractThisprojectisbasedonsingle-chipdesignavoice-activatedlightandalarmsysteminthebuilding,byvoice-activatedlightsandemergencyalarmwhichtwokeycomponents.Voice-activatedlightpartlythroughsoundsensorsforsounddetection,andthensingle-chipprocessing,realizationofintelligentcontrolforthelightswitch.Alarmpartconsistsmainlyofbeeperandkeys,whenvoice-activatedlightsfail,throughtouchesthepressedkeyrealizationlightbuzzeralarmsformaintenancetips.Thehardwarecircuitconsistsofsinglechipmicrocomputerminimumsystemcircuit,soundsensorsmodule,keysmodule,LEDdisplaymodule,abuzzeralarmcircuitmodule;SoftwarepartmainlyaccomplishedbyprogrammingofCprogramssuchasdestroythelightoflights,andthenthroughtheleddisplay,Alarmfunctionsarerealizedbykeyoperation.Inthedesignofcombinationofhardwareandsoftwaredebuggingstepbystep,meettherequirementsofcontroleffect.Whenpeoplewalkthroughthestairs,whenmakingfootstepsorothersound,stairlightswillautomaticallylightupandlighting.WhenpeopleentertheHouseorgetoutoftheapartment,corridorlampdelayautomaticallyturnsoffafterafewminutes.Whenafailureoccurs,youcantouchabuttonandalarmservicing.Voice-activatedinertiaswitchappliesnotonlytotheresidentialareaofthebuilding,butalsotofactories,officebuildings,schoolbuildingsandotherpublicplaces,itisofsmallsize,pleasinginappearance,makingeasy,reliableandsoon.Keywords:microcontroller;voice-activatedlightandalarmsystem;soundsensors;buzzer目录第1章概述...........................................................................................................................11.1选题的目的..............................................................................................................11.2声控灯的研究背景及发展意义..............................................................................11.3本章小结..................................................................................................................2第2章总体方案设计...........................................................................................................32.1系统设计的思路.......................................................................................................32.2系统硬件描述..........................................................................................................32.3系统软件描述..........................................................................................................32.4本章小结..................................................................................................................4第3章硬件的设计.............................................................................................................53.1硬件芯片介绍..........................................................................................................53.2系统硬件架构.........................................................................................................123.3原理图的绘制........................................................................................................163.4本章小结................................................................................................................18第4章系统软件设计.........................................................................................................194.1KeilC51开发环境简介.........................................................................................194.2程序的编写............................................................................................................224.3主程序流程图........................................................................................................264.4本章小结................................................................................................................27第5章实物焊接与调试.....................................................................................................285.1实物焊接................................................................................................................285.2调试硬件................................................................................................................28结论.....................................................................................................................................30参考文献...............................................................................................................................31致谢.....................................................................................................................................32附录.....................................................................................................................................33东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文）1第1章概述1.1选题的目的声控灯的制作目的是通过声控灯的制作，提高学习电路知识的兴趣