中国文化英语教程Unit-11

Unit11TheForbiddenCity:GloriousandAwe-inspiringLead-inTextstudyExercisesContentLead-inClickthepicturetowatchavideoclipaboutarchitecturalfeaturesoftheForbiddenCity.IntroductionConcealedContoursofaDragonTheColorsoftheForbiddenCityTextstudyIntroduction•TheForbiddenCitywastheChineseimperialpalacefromtheMingDynastytotheendoftheQingDynasty,where24emperorsruledChinafromthe15thcenturytotheearly20thcentury.•ItislocatedinthecentreofBeijing,China,andrenamedasthePalaceMuseumaftertherevolutionof1911.Introduction俯视紫禁城Abird’s-eyeviewoftheForbiddenCityIntroduction•Builtin1406to1420,thecomplexconsistsof980buildingsandcovers720,000squaremeters.•ItisthemostsplendidpalacecomplexinBeijingandoneofthebestpreservedofitskindintheworld.Introduction•Itsawe-inspiringarchitectureandhugevarietyofcollectionsstandaslivingevidencetotherichhistoricalessenceofChina.•TheForbiddenCitywasdeclaredaWorldHeritageSitein1987,andislistedbyUNESCOasthelargestcollectionofpreservedancientwoodenstructuresintheworld.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•EmperorYongledecidedtomakeBeijinghiscapital.•Healsodecidedtofollowthedesignofthecentralaxis(中轴线)ofDadu-thenameforBeijingwhenitservedasthecapitaloftheYuanDynasty(1206-1368).•TheMingemperorhadalsocommissionedalarge-scaleredesignoftheoverallstructureofhisnewcapital.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•TheMingcapitalwasbuiltalonganeight-kilometer-longaxisrunningsouthtonorth.•Buildingsandlandscapeswerelaidoutoneithersideoftheaxis.•Theoveralldesignfeaturedsymmetry(对称)betweenleftandright,alongtheaxis,givingthecityauniquesublime(宏伟的)order.ConcealedContoursofaDragonAbird’s-eyeviewofthecentralaxisdesignConcealedContoursofaDragon•TheaxisstartsfromtheGateofEternalStability(永定门)inthesouth.•OntheeastsideoftheaxisstandstheTempleofHeaven(天坛).•OnthewestistheTemplefortheDivineCultivator(先农坛),thetwobeinginapproximatesymmetry.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•Originally,astraightboulevard(大街)ledtothegrandFrontGate(前门)(markedwithyellowcircleinthepicture).•FurthernorthstoodtheChinaGate(中华门),whichwasdemolishedin1959tomakewayforTian’anmenSquare)(markedwithbluecircleinthepicture).ConcealedContoursofaDragonConcealedContoursofaDragonTheChinaGate(中华门)ConcealedContoursofaDragon正阳门夜景NightviewoftheFrontGateonTian’anmenSquareConcealedContoursofaDragon•TotheeastofTian’anmenistheImperialFamilyShrine(太庙),todayknownastheWorkingPeople’sCulturalPalace.•TothewestofTian’anmenistheImperialStateShrine(社稷坛),whichhasbecomeSunYat-senParktoday.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•ThroughtheGateofUprightness(端门)andthentheMeridianGate(午门),thecentralaxispassesintotheForbiddenCity,andextendsallthewaytoitsnortherngate,GateofDivineMight(神武门).•TothenorthoftheGateofDivineMightisProspectHill(景山),whichprovidesabackdropfortheForbiddenCity.GateofDivineMight(神武门)ConcealedContoursofaDragon•FurthernorthtoProspectHillistheGateofEarthlyPeace(地安门).FromthereastraightboulevardleadstotheDrumTowerandtheBellTower,whichmarkthenorthernendofthecentralaxisofancientBeijing.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•TheForbiddenCityissurroundedbya7.9metershighcitywallanda6metersdeepby52meterswidemoat(护城河).•Thewallispiercedbyagateoneachside.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•South:theMeridianGate(午门).ConcealedContoursofaDragon•North:theGateofDivineMight(神武门)ConcealedContoursofaDragon•East:EastGloriousGate(东华门)•West:WestGloriousGate(西华门).EastGloriousGateWestGloriousGateConcealedContoursofaDragon•TheForbiddenCityconsistsoftheOuterCourt(southernpart)andtheInnerCourt(northernpart).•TheOuterCourtiswheretheemperorranstateaffairs.•TheInnerCourtiswheretheimperialfamilylived.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•theHallofSupremeHarmony(太和殿)•theHallofCentralHarmony(中和殿)•theHallforPreservingHarmony(保和殿)TheOuterCourt•TotheeastofthethreemainhallsistheHallofLiteraryGlory(文华殿).•TotheweststandstheHallofMilitaryEminence(武英殿).ConcealedContoursofaDragon•theHallofHeavenlyPurity(乾清宫)•theHallofUnionandPeace(交泰宫)•theHallofEarthlyTranquility(坤宁宫)TheInnerCourt•OneithersideofthesehallsaretheEasternSixPalacesandtheWesternSixPalaces,livingquartersfortheimperialconcubines(妾).ConcealedContoursofaDragon•ThecentralaxisthatrunsfromthesouthtothenorthofBeijingresemblestheundulating(起伏的)contoursofadragon.•Thebuildingsalongthecentrallineandoneithersideofitvaryindesignandrhythm.ConcealedContoursofaDragon•Oftheeight-kilometer-longaxis,thesectionfromtheGateofEternalStabilitytotheFrontGaterepresentsitsgentlebeginnings.•ThesectionfromtheFrontGatethroughtheForbiddenCitytoProspectHillisthepeak.•ThesectionfromProspectHilltotheDrumandBellTowersconcludesit.TheColorsoftheForbiddenCityYellowandvermilion(朱红色)arethethematiccolorsoftheForbiddenCity.TheColorsoftheForbiddenCity•Redhasalwaysbeensymbolicofhappiness.•YellowwassymbolicofimperialpowerinancientChina.•Beingbrightcolors,theygiveasenseofwarmthandpassion.TheColorsoftheForbiddenCity•Besidesyellowandred,othercolorsareusedtoproduceabalancedeffect:Thebeamsundertheeaves(屋檐)areusuallypaintedwithpicturesincoolcolorssuchasblueandwhite.Redpillars,doorsandwindowsusuallystandonawhitestonefloor.TheColorsoftheForbiddenCity•Whilebrightyellowandredcolorsgi