Grammar-&-Word-Choice---Verbs

Grammar&WordChoiceCanyoubehappyandsuccessfulwithoutlearninggrammar?No!Butwhy?Thewayyouputyourthoughtsintolanguage(speaking)saysalotaboutyou!Grammarhelpsdefinewhoyouare!Logic(Tomakesense)•Grammarisawaytoorganizeyourthoughts•Ifyoulackskillsingrammar,yourthoughtswillbedisorganizedDoyouwanttosoundboring?Doyouwanttolimityourexperiences?•Themorecomfortableyouarewithgrammar,thebetteryouwillexpressyourselfLove(Yes,Love)•ExpressionisacreativepartofyourpersonalityConversationisanart–Youdon’twanttobelimitedTwoGoldenRules1.AvoidTrouble–Ifyouarehavingtroublewriting,thenrewrite.Beflexibleandexplore.2.SayWhatYouMean–Ifyoudon’tpayattentiontowhatyouwrite,yourreaderswillloseinterest–YoulookbadPersonality•Ifyouknowhowtowritewell,peoplewillpayattentiontowhatyouhavetosay•Peoplewhounderstandgrammarknowhowtohavefun,makejokes,setthemselvesapartfromtherestoftheworld•Grammaristhetoolforself-expression!Itwasamusing,insuchlightnessofair,thatthePrinceshouldagainpresenthimselfonlytospeakforthePrincess,sounfortunatelyunableagaintoleavehome;andthatMrs.Ververshouldasregularlyfigureasanembodied,abeautifullydeprecatingapologyforherhusband,whowasallgenialityandhumilityamonghisowntreasures,butastowhomthelegendhadgrownupthathecouldn’tbear,withtheheightofhisstandardsandthetoneofthecompany,inthewayofsofasandcabinets,habituallykeptmyhim,theirritationanddepressiontowhichpromiscuousvisiting,evenatpompoushouses,hadbeenfoundtoexposehim.-HenryJames,TheGoldenBowlNickstoodup.-ErnestHemingway,“TheBattler”•BothofthoseworkshaveastyleStylerepresentssomething–itrepresentsthewayawriterfeelsandthinks•Thewayyouwalk,dress,andbehaverepresentswhoyouare–thesameforgrammar–Thesearewaystocommunicatetotheworld•Understandinggrammarwillhelpyouunderstandwhatyouread–Itwillhelpyouunderstandcomplexmeaningsandmakeyourselfunderstood•Grammar,justlikeanything,elsetakespractice–Basketball,dancing,guitar,etc.alltakespracticejustlikegrammar•Thebestknowledgeaboutgrammarcomesfromreadinggoodwriting–Readinggivesadeeperunderstandingoflanguagethatisahelptointerestingcommunication•Youwanttounderstandgrammarsoit’sintegratedandyouwon’thavetothinkaboutitVerbs•WithoutaverbyouhavenosentenceCompletesentence=S+V•Thereareactionverbs(hit,sprint,touch)andlinkingverbs(am,seems,willbe)–Namesarenotimportant–onlyrememberthefunctions•Asyouknow,averbtellswhatthesubjectisdoingorwhatisbeingdonetothesubjectVerbTenses•Thetenseofaverbplacestheactionataparticulartime•TherearesixbasicverbtensesinEnglish:PresentPresentperfectPastPastperfectFutureFutureperfectPresentTenseTheverbtensethatindicates“now”Iamhungry.Sheisagoodguitarplayer.Thephonerings.PresentPerfectForm1.)Theactionstartedinthepastandcontinuesintothepresent2.)TheactionwasfinishedbuttheaffectsarestillpresentIhaveeatenmanysnacksthisweek.Ihaveeatenallofthecake,sothereisn’tanyleft.PastTenseTheactionhappenedinthepastIateit.Iwalkedbytheriverlastnight.Iplayedbasketballyesterday.PastPerfectTenseThe“beforebefore”tenseorthedoublepasttense–AnactionhappenedbeforeanotheractionBeforeIateyourdesert,Ihadeatenacake.IfIhadthoughtaboutitfirst,Iwouldnothaveeatenthecake.FutureTenseEventsthathavenothappenedyetIwillgotothemarketthisafternoon.Iwillstayathometonighttowatchamovie.FuturePerfectTenseAnactionfinishedbeforeaspecifictimeinthefuture(notusedoften)Iwillhavelostsomeweightonmydietbynextweek.Theywillhavetakenmanyexamsbytheendofthesemester.Continuous(Progressive)FormUsewithcontinuousaction(usethe–ingverb)Iameatingrightnow.Iwillbestudyinguntiltheendofthesemester.PresentParticiple–Sameasthecontinuousform–the–ingverbformusedwithisoraretoshowcontinuousactionHerparentsareloving.Sheiswalkingtothestore.PastParticiple–VerbformusedwithhasorhavetoformthepresentperfectShehaswalkedtothestore.Theyhaveeatenatthatrestaurantbefore.Theexamplesbeforewereusedwithregularverbswhichmeanstheyfitthepatternofadding-edattheendIwalk,Iamwalking,Iwalked,IhavewalkedTroublehappenswhentheverbsareirregularanddon’tfollowthe–edpatternattheendItake,Iamtaking,Itook,IhavetakenThenamesofthetensesarenotimportanttoknow–what’simportantisbeingabletousetherighttenseintherightsituation!Therearefiveverbsbelowinbaseform.Inyourjournals,createfivesentencesusingeachverbintheformthatisstated.Don’tuseyourbooks!Useyourownsentences!1.towait(presentperfect)2.toleave(pastperfect)3.tohave(presentparticiple)4.towork(futureperfect)5.totake(pastparticiple)