Friedrich-Wilhelm-Nietzsche

FriedrichWilhelmNietzsche(1844-1900)OutlinePersonalinformationThemainworksHisphilosophyTheinfluenceanddictumLifeGermanphilosopherpoetcomposerclassicalphilologistPersonalinformationYearsofinsane(1889-1900)Yearsofwandering(1880-1888)Youth&studentyears(1844-1868)YearsinBasel(1869-1879)FamilyChristianPolandaristocratFemaleFamiliesYouth(1844–1869)1854-1864：PuFu(aboardingschool)1864年：Ponnuniversity1865年：Leipziguniversity叔本华，瓦格尔1867-1868：serviceinthearmyProfessoratBasel(1869–1879)professorofclassicalphilology(24)Nodoctorateandteachingcertificate.Independentphilosopher(1879–1888)Mentalbreakdownanddeath(1889–1900)crazystrokesdeathpneumoniaprotectingahorse,whichcausedapublicdisturbanceHisphilosophyThreepartsHisphilophyWilltopowerÜbermenschEternalreturnWilltopowerPessimismActionHumanbehaviorstemsfromthe”willtopower”TheweakerfreedomThemiddleclassfairnessthestrongersubjugationoccupation,devotionTheWilltoPower:AttemptataRevaluationofallValues(DerWillezurMacht,collectedtogetherbyhissisterafterhisdeath)Übermenscharich,brilliant,ambitiouspersonCountlesspeoplewithpooremotionalfeeling,disabledboby,shortsightedsuperiortoEternalreturnTheconventionalthoughtsuppressesthevalueoflifeTheGoddied,weshouldfightagainsttheChristianObjecttotheoldthoughtTheweaker(mercy,compassion,pardon,equality)ThemastersTheslaveswholesomehealthStrongwillSincereattitudeGoodcreativityPoorhealthTimidHypocrisyShortsighted《快乐的科学》（DiefröhlicheWissenschaft,1882-1886）《曙光》（Morgenröte,1881）ThusSpokeZarathustraEarlyWritings:1872-1876特点：敬仰文化，信仰天才，表现为对叔本华和瓦格纳的狂热和推崇。(DieGeburtderTragödieausdemGeistederMusik)悲剧的产生(UnzeitgemässeBetrachtungen).不合时宜的考察(DavidStrauss,derBekennerundderSchriftsteller,1873)(VomNutzenundNachteilderHistoriefürdasLeben,1874)(SchopenhaueralsErzieher,1874)RichardWagnerinBayreuth(1876).Middle-PeriodWritings:1878-1882特点：以格言诗作为基本体裁,大部分作品毫无思想倾向。相信实证科学与批判的瓦解力量，寻求“解脱”，“克服以往”，追求无拘无束的真实。MixedOpinionsandMaxims(VermischteMeinungenundSprüche)TheWandererandhisShadow(DerWandererundseinSchatten)(Morgenröte.GedankenüberdiemoralischenVorurteile,1881)朝霞TheGayScience(DiefröhlicheWissenschaft,1882)NietzscheandNaziNietzscheistofascistwhatMarxismistocommunism.HeistheprecursorofDeutschethoughtNapoleonbecomeshisidol,thenhisthoughtwasdisplayedbyHitlervividlyinthewar.ByWorldWarI,Nietzschehadacquiredareputationasaninspirationforright-wingGermanmilitarism.GermansoldiersreceivedcopiesofThusSpokeZarathustraasgiftsduringWorldWarITheinfluenceOneofthemastersof“schoolofsuspicion”MartinHeideggerJean-PaulSartreLeoStraussAlbertCamusMichelFoucault(dancers,poets,novelists,painters,psychologists,philosophersandsocialrevolutionaries)DictumConvictionsaremoredangerousenemiesoftruththanlies.Talkingmuchmoreaboutoneselfmaybeawayofhidingoneself.Godisdead,butconsideringastateManisin,therewillperhapsbecaves,foragesyet,inwhichhisshadowwillbeshown.Thankyou