四六级-Cloze

CETCloze“共20题，考试时间15分钟，在一篇题材熟悉，难度适中的短文(约200词)中留出20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题提供四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解文章内容的基础上，选择一个最佳答案,使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实义词。完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”考点一、词汇•完形填空所涉及的词汇题主要考查难词识别、近义词辨析和形近易混词的辨析。难词辨析指的是四个选项设置为没有相互联系的难词，仅仅考查考生对难词词义的识别，只要你认识，就做的出来，不认识，就束手无策。例如：•AyoungscientistnamedRaymondKurzweilhasnowdesignedacomputerwhichisamajor_____inprovidingairtothesightless.（2005.6）•A.executionB.distinction•C.breakthroughD.process•二、搭配•完形填空要求将不健全的短文恢复为语义和结构都完整的一个语篇。而连接语篇的有短语本身的搭配和篇章结构的逻辑。•Onthis____theUSgovernmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools.•A.circumstanceB.occasion•C.caseD.situationunderthiscircumstance,onthisoccasion,inthiscase,inthissituation.•三、逻辑•完形填空本身就是一种逻辑测试，在考题中，逻辑的考点主要考查句子与句子的衔接，以及篇章整体的结构一致性和协调性。上下句逻辑衔接考题以因果和转折为主，例如：•____thenumberofnurseriesintheUSalsorisesharply,thisrisewasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.（2001.1）•A.BecauseB.As•C.SinceD.Although•文中某些词汇也隐含着特殊的逻辑，通过这些暗示，我们可以找到正确答案，以保证上下文内容的一致和协调性，例如：•Thedirector____that“interactiveleadershipmayemergeasthemanagementstyleformanyorganizations.”•A.defiedB.predicted•C.diagnosedD.proclaimed•此题中，情态动词may反映出宾语从句尚未发生，因此，研究者这样说只可能是一种未知的猜测或预测，四个选项中，只有B选项可以和后面may相匹配，这样句子的逻辑才不会被破坏。做题步骤•1.一般情况下完形填空题语篇的第一句话和最后一句话都是完整的。针对这个特点，应该重点阅读这一头一尾的两个句子。快•2.在阅读全文时千万不要急于看文章后每个题目的选项，应该对空格所在的上下文仔3.充分理解全文和每个空格后再看选项。如果选项中某一个与预测的答案一致，那么4.对于难以确定答案的题，要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这•5.完成全部问题后应该将答案带入文章再通读全文，核查答案是否合适、正确、尽量少出错误。•以2001年1月六级考试试题中的完形填空为例：•IntheUnitedStates,thefirstdaynurserywasopenedin1854.Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe61_______halfofthe19thcentury;mostof62_______werecharitable.BothinEuropeandintheU.S.,theday-nurserymovemnetreceivedgreat63_______duringtheFirstWorldWar,when64_______ofmanpowercausedtheindustrialemploymentofunprecedented(前所未有）numbersofwomen.•InsomeEuropeancountriesnurserieswereestablished65_inmunitions(军火）plants,underdirectgovernmentsponsorship.66_thenumberofnurseriesintheU.S.alsorose67___,thiswasaccomplishedwithoutgovernmentaidofanykind.DuringtheyearsfollowingtheFirstWorldWar,68,federal,State,andlocalgovernmentsgraduallybegantoexerciseameasureofcontrol69___thedaynurseries,chieflyby70__themandby...•The71_______oftheSecondWorldWarwasquicklyfollowedbyanincreaseinthenumberofdaynurseriesinalmostallcountries,aswomenwere72_______calledupontoreplacemeninthefactories.Onthis73_______theU.S.governmentimmediatelycametothesupportofthenurseryschools.74_______schoolgrogramforthechildrenofworkingmonthers.ManyStatesandlocalcommunities75_______thisFederalaid.•Bytheendofwar,inAugust,1945,morethan100,000childrenwerebeingcared76___indaycarecentersreceivingFederal77__.Soonafterward,theFederalgovernment78_cutdownitsexpendituresforthispurposeandlater79___them,causingasharpdropinthenumberofnurseryschoolsinoperation.However,theexpectationthatmostemployedmotherswouldleavetheir80__attheendofthewarwasonlypartlyfulfilled.61.A)latterB)lateC）otherD）first62.A）thoseB）themC）whoseD）imitation63.A）impetusB）inputC）imitationD）initiative64.A）sourcesB）abundanceC）shortageD）reduction65.A）hardlyB）entirelyC）onlyD）even66．A）BecauseB）AsC）SinceD）Although67．A）unanimouslyB）sharplyC）predominantlyD）militantly68．A）thereforeB）consequentlyC）howeverD）moreover69．A）overB）inC）atD）about70．A）formulatingB）labelingC）patentingD）licensing71．A）outsetB）outbreakC）breakthroughD）breakdown72．A）againB）thusC）repeatedlyD）yet73．A）circumstanceB）occasionC）caseD）situation74．A）regulatingB）summoningC）allocatingD）transferring75．A）expandedB）facilitatedC）supplementedD）compensated76．A）byB）afterC）ofD）for77．A）pensionsB）subsidiesC）revenuesD）budgets78．A）prevalentlyB）furiouslyC）statisticallyD）drastically79．A）abolishedB）diminishedC）jeopardizedD）precluded80．A）nurseriesB）homesC）jobsD）children【解析】61．B）。第一家日托所建于1854年，在各地区建立当然是在19世纪的后62．B）。mostof后面要用人称代词。63．A64．C）。根据句意“当时劳动力短缺使得……”。65．D66．D）。分析全句，这是一个让步状语从句，故应用连词although。67．B）。修饰动词rose的副词，四个选项中只有sharply（急剧地）合适。68．C）。本句的语气上是转折的，要选副词however。69．Bin。70．A）。根据句意“通过规范（formulate）和……71．BTheoutbreakoftheSecondWorldWar。72．A）。与第一次世界大战的情况相呼应，所以要填A）again。73．B）。选项中的四个名词，只有occasion可以与介词on搭配，其意74．C）。根据句意“这时，美国************立即支持保育员学校，1942年7月600万美元……”。75．C）。根据句意“许多州和地方社区对这笔联邦************资助进行补76．D）。动词care要与介词for77．B78．Ddrastically是正确的。79．Aabolished80．C）。根据句意“期望战后大多数所雇佣的有小孩的妇女离开她们的工作……Mostpeoplewhotravellongdistancescomplainofjetlag（喷气飞行时差反应）.Jetlagmakesbusinesstravelerslessproductiveandmoreprone1____makingmistakes.Itisactuallycausedby2____ofyour“bodyclock”-----asmallclusterofbraincellsthatcontrolsthetimingofbiological3____.Thebodyclockisdesignedfora4____rhythmofdaylightanddarkness，sothatitisthrownoutofbalancewhenit5____daylightanddarknessatthe“wrong”timesinanewtimezone.The6____ofjetlagoftenpersistfordays7____theinternalbodyclockslowlyadjuststothenewtimezone.Nowanewanti-jetlagsystemis8____thatisbasedonproven9pioneeringscientificresearch.Dr.MartinMoore-Edehas10____apracticalstrategytoadjustthebodyclockmuchsoonertothenewtimezone11____controlledexposuretobrightlight.Thetimezoneshiftiseasytoaccomplishandeliminates12____ofthediscomfortofjetlag.Asuccessfultimezoneshiftdep