基于氢气低温催化燃烧的燃料电池低温启动研究进展-袁庆

2013326CHEMICALINDUSTRYANDENGINEERINGPROGRESS1439袁庆郑俊生马建新201804201804/TM911.4A10006613201306143909DOI10.3969/j.issn.1000-6613.2013.06.040ResearchprogressoffuelcellcoldstartupbasedonhydrogencatalyticcombustionYUANQingZHENGJunshengMAJianxinCleanEnergyAutomotiveEngineeringCenterTongjiUniversityShanghai201804ChinaSchoolofAutomotiveEngineeringTongjiUniversityShanghai201804ChinaAbstractWhencontrastingwithtraditionalpowersystemfuelcellhasalotofadvantages.Butitstillhasmanypracticalproblemssuchaslow-temperaturecoldstartup.Differentstrategiesoffuelcellcoldstartupwerediscussed.Somerelatedresearchesonhydrogencatalyticcombustionandfuelcellcoldstartupweresummarizedandanalyzedandthefactorsaffectingthecatalyticcombustionwereinvestigated.Hydrogenlow-temperaturecatalyticcombustionprovidedonewaytoachieveeffectiveandreliablestartupoffuelcell.Hydrogencouldachievestablecombustioninamicro-tubefordifferentreactionmodels.Surfacecatalyticcombustionrestrainedgasphasecombustion.Thehighesttemperaturecouldbeobtainedwhensurfacecatalyticcombustionandgasphasecombustionoccurredatthesametime.Inletvelocityconductivewallanditsmaterialtubediameteraswellasequivalentratioofhydrogen/airmixturehadsignificantinfluenceoncatalyticcombustionofhydrogen.KeywordsfuelcellcoldstartupcatalyticcombustionnumericalsimulationfuelcellvehicleFCVFCVprotonexchangemembranefuelcellPEMFC2012-12-242[e-mail][e-mail]2013321440FCVFCVFCVFCV0PEMFC1PEMFC1.1PEMFC[1]PEMFC1.29%1membraneelectrodeassemblyKim[2]20Yan[3]2gasdiffusionlayer[4]3catalystlayerCho[5]25nm[6]−2020[4]4protonexchangemembrane[7]Yan[3]−152PEMFCPEMFC1PEMFC614411PEMFC[8]00[39-10][11-12][13][14][15][16-17]3PEMFCPEMFCPEMFC3.1Ryi[18]Pt-Sn/Al3O3Pt-Zr/Fe-CrAlYKramer[19]Pd/γ-Al2O3250H2O/PdTin25040%Tin250TinTin125[20]Pd/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3[21]CexZr1-xO2Al2O3PdPd/Ce0.2Zr0.8O2/Al2O3[22-23]CexZr1-xO2Pt/γ-Al2O3/CexZr1-xO2Ce/Zr2013321442-Pt/Ce0.6Zr0.4O2/MgAl2O4/−203.2[24]/Choi[25]Pt[26]/30000h−14%600s−10Weisbrod[27]−40Gurski[28]Mao[1]PEMFCNguyen[29]PEMFCPEMFCMeng[30]computationalfluiddynamicsCFDMeng[31]PEMFC[32]PEMFC4Hua[33]11[33][34]1q=h(TwT0)+(Tw4T04)1hT0Tw-h20W/(m2·K)0.5[35]/Pt1[3436-37]Chen[38]22/[3436-37]Chen[38]35/614432OHH2H2O[38]2m/s1mm31mm[38][3436-37]Chen[38]6100%10m/s3[36]4H2[38]7Chen[38]8OH20133214445OH[38]6H2[38]7[36]2m/sH22.83%22DABRD2DABRChen[38]98OH[38]5m/s9[38]0.6mm18m/s0.4mm4m/s0.2mm3[38]1011OH1061445103[38]11H2H2OOH[38]0.4mm5m/s104[3437]120.612H2[34]13/H2[34]k=78W/(W·K)99.5%H25[34]136[34]Chen[38]14OH15[33]201332144614(a)(b)[38]1mm0.1mm15OH[38]51023/OH0.2mm4[1]MaoLWangCY.Analysisofcoldstartinpolymerelectrolytefuelcells[J].JournaloftheElectrochemicalSociety20071542139-146.[2]KimYuSeungMukundanRangacharyGarzonFernando.Sub-FreezingFuelCellEffects[EB/OL].[2005-05-25].http//[3]YanQGHosseinToghianiLeeYWetal.Effectofsub-freezingtemperaturesonaPEMfuelcellperformancestartupandfuelcellcomponents[J].JournalofPowerSources200616021242-1250.[4].[J].2011331151-155.[5]ChoEAKoJJHaHYetal.CharacteristicsofthePEMFCrepetitivelybroughttotemperaturesbelow0[J].JournalofTheElectrochemicalSociety2003150121667-1670.[6].PEMFC0[J].2006309779-784.[7].[D].2008.[8]LinB.ThermalcontroloffuelcellforimprovedcoldstartUS0292406[P].2008-04-23.[9]KagamiFHishmumaYChikahisaT.Performanceandself-startingofaPEMFCattemperaturesbelowfreezing[J].ThermalScienceandEngineering200210325-33.[10]RobertsJA.ApparatusforimprovingthecoldstartingcapabilityofanelectrochemicalfuelcellUS0112418[P].2005-05-26.61447[11]AckerW.ColdstartandtemperaturecontrolmethodandapparatusforfuelcellsystemUS6821658[P].2004-11-23.[12]FullerTFWheelerDJ.StartupofcoldfuelcellUS6068941[P].2000-05-30.[13]CargnelliJ.ManifoldforafuelsystemUS6869717[P].2005-03-22.[14]SalokaGS.SystemandmethodforrapidpreheatingofanautomotivefuelcellUS6916566[P].2005-07-12.[15]GebhardtU.Methodforcold-startingafuelcellbatteryandfuelcellbatterysuitableforthismethodUS0068202[P].2001-10-01.[16]GeSHWangY.Characteristicsofsubzerostartupandwater/iceformationonthecatalystlayerinapolymerelectrolytefuelcell[J].EletrochimicaActa2007524825-4835.[17]RobertsJAGeestSP.MethodforimprovingthecoldstartingcapabilityofanelectrochemicalfuelcellUS6479177[P].2009-01-07.[18]RyiSKParkJSChoSHetal.Faststartupofmicrochannelfuelprocessorintegratedwithanigniterforhydrogencombustion[J].JournalofPowerSources200616121234-1240.[19]KramerJFReihaniSSJacksonGSetal.Low-temperaturecombustionofhydrogenonsupportedPdcatalysts[J].ProceedingsoftheCombustionInstitute2002291989-996.[20].Pd/CZ/Al2O3[J].200526512-16.[21].Pd/CexZr1-xO3/Al2O3TPR/TPO[J].200624122-26.[22].[D].2009.[23].Pt/CexZr1-xO2/-Al2O3[J].20083351-10.[24].[J].200455142-47.[25]ChoiWonyoungKwonSejinShinHyunDong.Combustioncharacteristicsofhydrogen-airpremixedgasinasub-millimeterscalecatalyticcombustor[J].InternationalJournalofHydrogenEnergy2008332400-2408.[26].[D].2012.[27]SundaresanM.Athermalmodeltoevaluatesub-freezingstartupforadirecthydrogenhybridfuelcellvehic