it用法详解

代词：用于指人以外的一切生物，无生命的东西和事情日期，距离，价值，度量，温度，环境等it用作非人称代词，指代日期、时间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等，常不翻译出来It’squitehothereinsummer,isn’tit?It’searlymidnightnow.We’dbettergotobed.It’saboutanhour’sdrivefromheretoNanchang.Itwasnoisylastnight.—Doyoulikeithere？(2004年高考全国卷Ⅱ)—Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.—Everythingissonice.(天气)(时间)(距离)（情况）(环境等)指代性别不详的婴幼儿他\她是谁？Whoisit?指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人---Whoisknockingatthedoor?---It'smaybeTom.Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.—“Whoisitoverthere?”—“Itmustbeheadmaster.”—“No,itcan’tbehim,forhehasgonetoParis.”I.人称代词a.用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物，以避免重复:Throwwastedpaperinthedustbin.It'sjustbesideyou.b.还可以指代前面整件事情：Thisspadeismadeofiron.Itisknowntoall.2.指示代词(在回答含有指示代词this\that的问句时，常用it指代)---Whoisthat?--ItisLucy.What’sthatontheright?Iguessitmightbeawatermelon.—“Hello!Whoisthat(speaking)?”—“Thisisjohn/I(speaking).此处不能用it代thisit指代上文提到的表特指的单数可数名词或不可数名词，即“同类又同物”;one表示“同类不同物”,只能代替可数名词单数，相当于a/an+可数名词单数；还可以指众多中的一个（注意它在定语从句中的指代）(复数n用ones指代)that表示“同类不同物”，（只在平级结构或比较级结构或表对比结构中指代前文出现的表特指的可数名词单数或不可数名词。（复数名词用those指代)Ihadagoodpen,butIlostityesterday.I’llbuyonetomorrow.注1:it,one,that区别1.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut___willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.A.theyB.itC.oneD.which2.We’vebeenlookingathousesbuthaven’tfound___welikeyet.A.oneB.onesC.itD.them3.I’mmovingtothecountrysidebecausetheairthereismuchfresherthan___inthecity.A.onesB.oneC.thatD.those易误辨析:it/one/thatBACthehousethattheParkersboughtahousetheairExercises:1.---wouldyouliketobuyabicycleofthiskind?---Yes,I'dliketohave_________.A.itB.thatC.oneD.this2.Thecolorofmycoatisdifferentfrom__ofyours.A.itB.oneC.thatD.this3.Themachinesweusetodayaremuchbetterthan_____weusetenyearsago.A.itB.thatC.oneD.those4.Theseshoesaretootight,doyouhavelarge___?A.itB.thatC.onesD.one√√√√定语从句1.Isthisthefactory_______hermotherworkedlastyear?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.which2.Isthisfactory_______hermotherworkedinlastyear?A.theoneB.thatC.whereD.which3.______cleantheblackboardistobepraised.A.AnyonewhoB.TheboyC.TheoneD.theones√√√1.Sb+think+it+necessary+(forsb.)todosth.+连词+clauseThechairmanthought___necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.(05全国)A.thatB.itC.thisD.himSentencepatterns:B形式宾语make\believe\feel\find\considerhard\possible\important\useless\worth\worthwhile…Translation:我们认为你什么时候出发并不重要。Weconsideritunimportantwhenyousetout.2.S+V+it+one’sduty+(forsb.)todosth.+连词+clause3.S+V+it+no+n+doingsth.(need除外）形式宾语Ithinkithisdutytocleantheblackboard.Sentencepatterns:anhonour,apity,ashame,agoodidea---nouse\good\point\harm---1.作为医生，我们觉得救死扶伤是我们的职责。2.他们相信适当锻炼身体毫无坏处。TraanslationAsdoctors,wefeelitourdutytosavethedyingandtreatthewounded.Theybelieveitnoharmdoingtheexercsieappropriately.Ilike___intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.(04全国)A.thisB.thatC.itD.one点拨:这是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词(如like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,don'tmind,appreciate,feellike等)或包含介词的动词短语(如seeto,dependon,befondof等)后接宾语从句,必须先由it担任形式宾语,再接从句.1.Ilike(enjoy,hate…)itwhen….2.Iwouldappreciateitif…3.…seeto(dependon…)itthat…Sentencepatterns:C形式宾语点拨:这也是it作形式宾语的一种特殊用法.少数动词短语中包含it作形式宾语,其结构为：sboweittosb+连词+clause把…归功于…bringittosb+连词+clause把…带给某人leaveittosbtodo\+连词+clause把…留给某人去做takeitforgranted+连词+clause某人想当然…keepitinmind+连词+clause牢记…形式宾语Shetook____forgrantedthathewaslikedbyallthepeople.A.thisB.thatC.itD.oneCSentencepatternsYoucanleavethechorestomeifyouarebusy.Pleasekeepitinmindthatyouareachineseman.Sheowedittomethatsheisgettingbetterandbetter.Sentencepatterns:形式宾语sbthinkitadjforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnon(use\good-)doing(exceptneed)sbappreciateit+连词+clausesbleaveittosbtodo\+连词+从句sboweittosb+连词+clausesbbringittosb+连词+clausesbtakeitforgranted+连词+clausesbkeepitinmind+连词+clausesbthinkitadjforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnon(use\good-)doing(exceptneed)sbappreciateit+连词+clausesbleaveittosbtodo\+连词+从句sboweittosb+连词+clausesbbringittosb+连词+clausesbtakeitforgranted+连词+clausesbkeepitinmind+连词+clausesbthinkitadjforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnforsbtodo\+连词+clausesbthinkitnon(use\good-)doing(exceptneed)sbappreciateit+连词+clauseIt常可代替不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在句中作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句子后面。为方便记忆，我们可将it作形式宾语的句型称为6123结构。6.指主句中常用的动词：think，believe，make，find,consider，feel；1.指的是形式宾语it；2.指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3.指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。it作形式宾语WethinkitimportanttolearnEnglish.1.-Thereisstillacopyofthebookinthelibrary.Willyougoandbottow?-No,I’dratherbuyinthebookstore.[2007陕西卷]A.it;oneB.one;oneC.one;itD.it;it2.Littlejoycanequal________ofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.[2007四川卷]A.thatB.thoseC.anyD.Some3.Hedidn’tmake________clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.[2007天津卷]A.thisB.thatC.itD.these4.（2011福建21）Wehavevarioussummercampsforyourholidays.Youcanchoose____basedonyourowninterests.A.eitherB.eachC.oneD.it5.（2010全国II14）Thedoctorthought____wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it6.（2010陕西卷12）ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthan____inanyotherareaofthecity.A.thatB.thisC.itD.one7.(2011天津1)Wefeel___ourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.A.itB.thisC.thatD.one1._____(Whether\If\That\It)theexperientmentwill