英语冠词和代词

KING冠词不使用冠词定冠词不定冠词aanthe零冠词冠词的分类冠词的分类不定冠词的用法a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前．an用在以元音音素开头的单词前．1.2.3.4.e.g.__book___egg__usefulbook___undergroundroomaanaan基本用法：指人或事物的某一种类e.g.Sheisagirl.她是女孩．Thisisadesk.这是一张书桌．泛指某人或者某物，但又不具体说明何人何物．e.g.Icanseeakite.AboyisinGrade1.表示“数量”，“有一”“每一”的意思．e.g.Wehavesixclassesaday.冠词的分类定冠词的用法基本用法：“特指”．特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物，以便与其他的人或物有所区别．1.2.3.4.e.g.ThebookonthedeskisJim’s.书桌上的那本书是吉姆的．Thechairsarethere.椅子在那里．指谈话双方都知道的人或事物．e.g.Whereisthekite?风筝在哪儿？（双方都知道指的是哪只风筝．）Openthedoor,please.请把门打开．（双方都知道要打开哪扇门．）在叙述中，上文提到过的人或者事物，再次出现时．e.g.Ａ：Icanseeakite.我看见一只风筝．Ｂ：whereisthekite?这个风筝在那里？用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”e.g.theBlacks布来克一家冠词的分类定冠词的用法用在宇宙间独一无二的天体名词之前．5.6.7.8.e.g.thesuntheskythemoontheearth用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only,very,same前．e.g.Iliveonthesecondfloor.我住在二楼Skatingisthebestsportinwinter.滑冰是冬天最好的运动．用在某些建筑物和旅馆的名称之前．ThePalaceMuseumTheSummerPalace用在表示乐器的名词之前．e.g.theviolinthepiano冠词的分类定冠词的用法用在一些习惯用语中9.e.g.inthedayinthemorning/afternoon/eveningthedaybeforetomorrow/yesterdaythenextmorning/week/month/yearinthesky/water/field/countryinthedarkintheraininthedistanceinthemiddle(of)intheendonthewholebythewaygotothetheatre(cinema)冠词的分类零冠词的用法名词前有了物主代词、指示代词、不定代词和“Ｓ”所有格时。1.2.3.4.e.g.OurbooksthoseapplesJim’spen附复数名词在表示一类人或者事物时。e.g.Theyareteachers.他们是老师。在专有名词前e.g.ChinaEngland在星期、月份、节日前e.g.onSundayinAugustonChildren’sDay不使用冠词的情况冠词的分类零冠词的用法在球类运动前及三餐名词前。5.6.e.g.playfootball/basketballhavesupper在一些固定搭配中e.g.atnightgotoschoolattablebybikeatworkgotobedatschoolathomewatchTV不使用冠词的情况四、有定冠词与无定冠词的区别beinchargeof负责beinthechargeof由……负责；在……掌管之下byday在白天bytheday按日计算Itisoutofquestion.那是毫无疑问的。Itisoutofthequestion.那是根本不可能的。threeofus我们中的三个人thethreeofus我们三个人takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替五、冠词的位置冠词一般放在名词之前，名词之前若有形容词，冠词要放在形容词之前。但下列情况例外：1.冠词放在quite，many，such，what等词之后。quiteaninterestingstory2.so/as/too/how＋形容词＋a/an＋单数名词。It’stoodifficultaproblem.3.rather可位于冠词前或后。arathercoldday＝ratheracoldday4.half可位于冠词之前，也可位于冠词之后。halfanhour＝ahalfhour5.all，both放在the之前。allthebooks；boththeboys一、单项选择题1、__bookonthedeskis___usefulone.A.The;anB.A;aC.The;a２、__oldladyinbrownis__universityprofessor.A.An;aB.An;/C.The;a３、——Whatcanyouseebythelake?——Icansee__oldmansittingonthechair.A.aB.anC.the４、Haveyouhad__lunchyet?A.aB./C.The５、Thereis__“f”intheword“wife”.A.anB.aC.The６、Heis__bestoneinourschool.A.aB.anC.TheCABBCC7、Mybrothercanplay__footballwellandhecanalsoplay__pianowell.A.the;／B.／;theC.the;the8、let’sgoandhave__walkaround__school.A.a;theB./;/C.the;a9、___boyhasbrokenthewindow.A.AB.TheC.bothAandB10、Youmayask__oldmanlisteningto__radiounder__treefor__adviceaboutit.A.an;the;the;/B.the;/;the;/C.The;the;the;/11、Theyworkin__sameshop.Theyarepaidby__day.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;/12、——whatis__plane?——___machinethatcanfly.A.the;theB.a;theC.a;ABACCCC13、Itgaveme__greatsurprisethathehadcookedsuch__nicefood.A.a;aB.a;/C.the;the14、It’s__pitytobelistenedtobynobody.A.aB.anC.the15、Failureis__motherofsuccess.A.theB.aC./16、__numberof__studentsismorethan1,200.A.The;theB.A;theC.A;a17、Shipssend__messagestoeachotherby__radio.A.the;theB./;aC./;/18、__orangeis__orange.A.The;aB.An;/C.A;anAAAACB19、Thereis__appleand__pieceofbreadontheplate.A.a;aB.an;aC.an;the20、Wedon’tknowsheis__honestgirl.A.aB.anC.the21、Doyouwanttobe__artistwhenyougrowup?A.theB.aC.an22、Aspaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometers__second.A./B.aC.the23、BettyisfromBeijing.Itis__oldcityand__capitalofourcountry.A.the;theB.an;aC.an;the24、Mydaughtersaidthemanhadhitheron__face.A.aB./C.theBBCBCC25、Thatis__mapof__world.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;the26、LessonFouris__difficultlesson,butitisn’t__mostdifficultoneinBook2.A.a;theB.an;theC.The;a27、Mr.Blackdidn’tgotoworkyesterdaybecausehewasillin__bed.A.theB.aC./28、What’sthatoverthere?It’s__boat.A.theB.anC.a29、Mikeis__Americanboy.Hestudiesin__unniversityinGuangdong.A.a;anB.an;aC.an;the30、Haveyougot___e—mailaddress?A.aB.anC./KeysCACCBB1.—Couldyoutellmethewayto_______Johnsons’，please?—Sorry，wedon’thave________Johnsonhereinthevillage.A.the；theB.the；aC.不填；theD.the；不填解析：theJohnsons’指Johnson一家的房子、诊所等；第二空填a为泛指，“一个叫Johnson的人”。答案：B2.Iwantedtocatch________earlytrain，butcouldn’tget________ridetothestation.A.an；theB./；theC.an；/D.the；a解析：theearlytrain，早班车；getarideto...，搭车去(某地)。答案：D3.________walkisexpectedtolastallday，sobring________packedlunch.A.A；aB.The；不填C.The；aD.A；不填解析：thewalk指大家都知道的活动；apackedlunch，指(外带)一顿午餐。答案：C4.Ilike________colorofyourskirt.Itis________goodmatchforyourblouse.A.a；theB.a；aC.the；aD.the；the解析：thecolorofyourskirt，特指你的衬衫的颜色；agoodmatchfor表示和……很搭配。答案：C5.Forhim________stageisjust________meansofmakingaliving.A.a；aB.the；aC.the；theD.a；the解析：thestage意为“舞台”，而固定搭配ameansof则为“……的方式”(此处means单复数同形)。答案：B6.Accordingto________reviewof44studies，Americanresearchersfoundthatmenandwomenwhoatesixkeyfoodsdailycuttheriskof________heartdiseaseby76%.A.a；theB.the；aC.a；/D./；a解析：由句意“根据由44人组成的调查中……”可知，此处review表泛指；另外疾病前不加冠词。答案：C7.Everywheremanhascutdown________forestsinordertogrowcrops，ortouse________woodasfuelorasbuildingmaterial.A.the；theB.the；/C./；theD./；/解析：复数名词forests表泛指；下句中的wood是forests中的，故为特指。答案：C8.—Iknockedovermycoffeecup.Itwentrightover________keyboard.—Youshouldn’tputdrinks