英语人称代词物主代词反身代词讲解

英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词英语人称代词、物主代词、反身代词总表：数人称代词物主代词人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数第一人称我Imemyminemyself第二人称你youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself复数第一人称我们weusouroursourselves第二人称你们youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称他们、她们、它们theythemtheirtheirsthemselves人称代词：要讲英语人称代词，咱们先要知道什么叫代词。代词(pronoun)是指代或替代名词或名词词组的词类，包括人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词。表格（1）数人称代词人称主格宾格单数第一人称我Ime第二人称你Youyou第三人称他Hehim她Sheher它Itit复数第一人称我们Weus第二人称你们Youyou第三人称他们Theytheir表格（2）人称代词里的主格放在名首做主语和表语，宾格放在句末或名中做动词和介词的宾语。打个比方，主人邀请宾客，主格就像主人，宾格就像宾客。主格在动词前面，宾格在动词或介词后面。1.人称一致人称代词作主语通常要与随后的动词保持人称的一致。例如：Iamateacher.Youareastudent.Heisadoctor.Sheisanurse.Itisacomputer.2．数的一致人称代词应与它的先行项在单、复数形式上保持一致。例如：Jennyisanurse.Sheworksatourschoolclinic.HereareafewTVsetsforsale.TheyareallmakeinJapan.You,MikeandAndyhavefinishedyourwork.Youcango.3．性的一致单数第三人称代词有阳性、阴性和中性之分，它们的使用决定于所指对象的自然性别。Johndidn’tfindus,soheleft.Janehasn’tbeenback,sowearewaitingforher.Thatvaseisvaluable.Itismorethan300yearsold.如果是类指，则代词和物主限定词可用he/his:Ateachershouldofferhisstudentschallengingprojects.5．格的选择人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，表示“所有”用属格。IteachhimChinese.HeteachesmeEnglish.Thisismybag,thatoneisyours.人称代词在介词之后常用宾格：Ibroughtsomestorybooksforthem.Theyaretalkingaboutme.MostofuslikelearningEnglish.人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词在动词be之后常用宾格：Whoisit?-It’sme.IfIwerehim,Iwouldnotdothatthing.★It可以有许多用法，表示：a.某样东西：Where’smymap?Ileftitonthetable.b.抽象事物：Yousavedmylife.Ishallneverforgetit.c.不知性别的孩子：Whatabeautifulbaby!—Isitaboy?d.某种感觉或情况：Wheredoesithurt?Howisitgoingwithyou?e.是谁：Whoisit(that)?—It’tme.f.时间、日期等：Whattimeisit?–It’seighto’clock.g.天气、环境：It’sraining.h.距离等：HowfarisittoNewYork?--Itis800kilometers.例句：1、I和me.我是一名学生。__I___amastudent.妈妈喜欢我。Motherlikes___me___.2、We和us.我们是中国人。____We___areChinese.父母爱我们。Parentslove__us____.3、you人称代词最容易记住的。（你能翻译下列句子吗？试一试！）你是一名学生。Youareastudent.我喜欢你。Iloveyou.你们是学生。Youarestudents我爱你们。Iloveyou.4、你能推出she和her的位置吗？她是一名护士。__She____isanurse.你能帮助她。Youcanhelp_her_____.5、He和him他是我的朋友。____He__ismyfriends.(想想用he还是him呢？)我想和他一起玩。Iwanttoplaywith____him__.6、it的用法。-Whereismycar?-___It__isoverthere.指天气Itisrainingoutside.指气候ItiscoldinHarbin.指时间-Whattimeisit?-It’ssixo’clock.7、they和them.______They_arelisteningtotheradio.Therearesomecats,Ilike_them____verymuch.物主代词物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词：形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Isthisyourbook?No，itisn’t,it’shers.(herbook)Thesearemybooks.Thesebooksaremine.Thisismycup.Yoursistheblueone.Myhusband’sfatherisadoctor.Mineisalawyer.★名词性物主代词可用于“双重所有格”结构：Mysistermakesfriendswherevershegoes.Jackisjustafriendofhers.★Yours常常写在信末：Yoursfaithfully,yourstruly,yourssincerely,yours,yoursever例句：你知道形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的区别吗？1、.形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，用在名词前。Thisismybook.这是我的书。Weloveourmotherland.我们热爱我们的祖国。2、名词性物主代词起名词的作用。Lookatthetwopencils.Theredoneisyoursandtheblueoneismine.看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirsHelikesmypen.Hedoesn'tlikehers.他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。3、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词反身代词典型用法例举反身代词在中学英语中的用法极其灵活，搭配频频出现，为帮助同学们复习和积累，特将中学英语中出现的反身代词用法归纳如下：1．用以加强语气，表示亲自。Ifonewantsknowledgeofaskill,onemusttakepartinitoneself.Hewenttherehimselfthedaybeforeyesterday.2.与典型介词搭配，构成固定短语，表达特定含义。1)(all)byoneself单独地WhenIwasyoung,Ihadtomakealivingallbymyself.Wouldyougotherebyyourself?2)tooneself独自享用Whenheeatsinarestaurant,helikesatabletohimself.3)foroneself为自己；独自Oneshouldn’tliveforhimselfalone.Youmustfinditoutforyourself.4)ofoneself自动地Thedooropenedofitself.5)betweenourselves私下里Justbetweenourselves,Idon’tthinkmuchofhim.6)inoneself本身Thematerialsinthemselveswerenotpoisonous.7)besideoneself喜怒时发狂Shewasbesideherselfwithjoy.8)byitself自然地Themachinewillstartbyitselfinafewseconds.3.与典型动词搭配，构成固定短语。1)benotoneself身体不好I’mnotquitemyselftoday.(I’munwell.)2)enjoyoneself玩得很痛快3)helponeselftosth.随便吃Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.4)teachoneselfsth.自学Whenhewasyoung,hetaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.5)accustomoneselfto习惯于Hequicklyaccustomedhimselftothisnewwayoflife.6)devoteoneselfto致力于Iamdeterminedtodevotemyselftothecauseofeducation.7)adaptoneselfto适应Shequicklyadaptedherselftothenewclimate.8)adjustoneselfto调整；适应Thebodyquicklyadjustsitselftochangesintemperature.9)behaveoneself举止得体Pleasebehaveyourselves.10)dressoneself穿衣服Heistooyoungtodresshimself.11)seatoneself就坐Heseatedhimselfinthechairandbegantoreadthenovel.12)makeoneselfheard/understood/seen/known/believed让自己被（别人）听见/听懂/看见/认识/相信Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheardbyall.13)findoneself无意识中发现自己Atlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeandsatdowntoeatourpicniclunch.14)expressoneself清楚表达自己的意思HeisstillunabletoexpresshimselfinEnglish.15)talktooneself自言自语16)cometooneself苏醒